(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) *

Transcription

1 48 3 Vol.48, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA May, 2017 (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) * 1, ( ; ) (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), (Radix paeoniae Alba) (Eucommia ulmoides) (Rhizoma anemarrhenae) A B C, 6 1, 3% , SOD; 29, 14,, 14, 2% 4% A 128% 143%, 69% 85%, SOD 61% 55%; 28 49% 55%, A B C ; ; ; ; Q176; R285; S942.5 doi: /hyhz (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), , 20.9%,,,, 10% 30%,,,, (, 2015; Nian et al, 2016) (, 2010) (, 2004) (, 2008) (, 2005) (Christybapita et al, 2007;, 2011) (, 2011), (, 2009) (, 2003;, 2012), 1773 (, 2012), ( ),, (Radix paeoniae Alba) (Eucommia ulmoides) (Rhizoma anemarrhenae),, *, B150787,, hgl25@163.com :,, qxq@haid.com.cn : , :

2 3 : (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 577,, ( ); ( ); HZS-H ( ); (Sigma ), (Eppendorf) ( ); SOD ( ) MEM ( SIGMA); MTT( SIGMA) 1.1.2, 100±5g;,, (, 2012),, 30min, 35min,, 35min,, 2 1mL ( 1g ), (CP 43%), 80 A B C, 2% 4% ( 1), 3.0mm , , 2 5 7d, 3%,, 3, 3% 表 1 含复方制剂的草鱼配合饲料配方表 Tab.1 Feed formulation enriched with herbal compound for C. idellus 1# 2# 3# 4# 5# 6# 7# (CP 43%) DDGS A A B B C C

3 表 2 试验鱼分组表 Tab.2 The trial groups A 1# % 2# % B 3# % 4# % C 5# % 6# % 7# % ,,,, ;, SOD (, 2008) Seeley (1990), 100µL MTT, 520nm, SOD SOD ( ), , 0.04%(V/V),, 2 LD 50 /(0.2mL ) 14, (%) = ( )/ 100% , 1# 2# /L /L, 3# 4# 5# 6# (P<0.01); 14, 1# 2# 16.4% 9.2%, 3# 4# 5# 6# (P<0.01); 21, 1# 2# 28.1% 29.4%, 3# 4# 5# 6# (P<0.05), 3# 4# 5# 6# (P<0.05); 28, 1# 2# (P<0.05), 3# 4# 5# (P<0.05), 3.0%, A 2% 4%,, 7 14 (P<0.01) 1 Fig.1 1 Changes in the number of white blood cells of C. idellus during test 2.2, ( ) 10 8 /L 7, 1 6# (P>0.05); 14, 6# (P<0.05), 1 5# (P>0.05); 21, 1# (P<0.05), 3# 5# (P<0.01), 2# 4# (P>0.05), 3.0%, A B 2% 4%,, 7 14 (P>0.05) 2 2.3, 50 52mg/L; 1# 2#

4 3 : (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 579, 3.0%, A C 2% 4%,, 7 14 (P<0.05) (P<0.01) 4 Fig.2 2 Changes in the number of red blood cells of C. idellus during test (P<0.01) 7 14, 1# 3# 4# (P>0.05) 21, 3# 4# 5# (P<0.05) 28, 3# 4# 5# 6# (P>0.05), 3.0%, A B 2% 4%,, Fig.3 3 Changes in the hemoglobin content of C. idellus during test 4 Fig.4 Changes in the phagocytic index of white blood cell of C. idellus during test U/L, 1 6#, 1# 2#, U/L U/L, (P<0.01) 21 28, 1# 2#, 3 6#, 3.0%, A B(0.2% ) C 2% 4%,, 7 14 (P<0.05) (P<0.01) , 1# 2# 4# 5# 6# (P<0.01) # 5# 6# (P<0.05) 28, 4# 5# 6# (P>0.05) Fig.5 5 Changes of serum lysozyme activity of C. idellus during test

5 SOD, SOD U/L, 1 6# SOD, 1 6# SOD 14, 1# 2#, U/L 143.7U/L, (P<0.01) 28, 3# 6# SOD 4# 5# (P>0.05), (P>0.05), 3.0%, A B C 2% 4%,, 7 14 SOD (P<0.05) (P<0.01) 6 6 SOD Fig.6 Changes of serum SOD activity of C. idellus during test 2.7,, 25, 24h LD cfu/ml 29, 0.2ml cfu/ml, 14, 1# 2# 49% 55%, 4# 6# 28% 19% 4%( 7), 3.0%, A 2% 4%, 28, B C, 3 3.1, 7 Fig.7 Effect of immune protection with herbal compound on C. idellus (, 2003;, 2008;, 2010;, 2015), ,, (, 2010; Jin et al, 2016), 100,,,, (, 1985; Liu et al, 2016), (, 2002),, A 7 14, SOD (P<0.05), A, 3.2 (, 2014),,,,,,,,

6 3 : (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 581, (Collet, 2014), A 2% 4%, 3.0%,, B C (P<0.01), 21 28, B (P<0.05),,,,, A, B(2%) C(4%) SOD, SOD,, (, 2001;, 2006), SOD (, 2011;, 2011), A 2% 4%, 3.0%, SOD B C (P<0.05) (, 2008),, (Muona et al, 1992), A 2% 4%, 3.0%, B C (P<0.05), A B C 3.3, A,, A 4% 28 55%, A, ( ) (, 2007;, 2010) 4,, A 2% 4% 7 14, B C,,, , 39(22): , :, 6,,, , 25(1): 9 12, , 38(8): , 163, (Lateolabrax japonicus). :, 1 63,,, , 33(11): 44 47, :, 1 157,,, , 24(1): 56 57, [ ].. t _ htm,,, , 42(3): 60 67, , 24(4): , /. :, 1 54,,, (Sedum sarmentosum) (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)., 46(4): ,,, , 36(1):

7 ,,, , 35(5): ,,, , 30(1): 1 5, ( ). :, 96 97,,, , 35(28): , 8932,, , (1): 23,,, , 20(1): 4 6,,, (Scophthalmus maximus)., 46(3): , , 16(9): 15 17,,, IL-1β., 32(4): ,,, (SOD)., 11(4): , 269 Christybapita D, Divyagnaneswari M, Michael R D, Oral administration of Eclipta alba leaf aqueous extract enhances the non-specific immune responses and disease resistance of Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 23(4): Collet B, Innate immune responses of salmonid fish to viral infections. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 43(2): Jin Z L, Gao N N, Xu W Z et al, Receptor and transporter binding and activity profiles of albiflorin extracted from Radix paeoniae Alba. Scientific Reports, 6: Liu B, Li C P, Wang W Q et al, Lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Protects against AGEs-induced retinal endothelial cell injury. Cell Physiol Biochem, 39(5): Muona M, Soivio A, Changes in plasma lysozyme and blood leucocyte levels of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) during parr-smolt transformation. Aquaculture, 106(1): Nian S H, Liu E H, Fan Y, et al, Orthogonal separation protocol for the simultaneous preparation of four medically active compounds from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma by sequential polyamide and macroporous resin adsorbent chromatography. Journal of Separation Science, 39(16): Seeley K R, Gillespie P D, Weeks B A, A simple technique for the rapid spectrophotometric determination of phagocytosis by fish macrophages. Marine Environmental Research, 30(1): IMMUNE ENHANCEMENT FOR GRASS CARP CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS WITH HERBAL ENRICHED FEED HUANG Jin-Lu 1, 2, LI Ai-Hua 1, QIAN Xue-Qiao 2, TAN Xiao-Chen 2, WANG Zheng-Kai 2 (1. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan , China; 2. Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Guangdong Haid Group Co., Limited, Guangzhou , China) Abstract To screen feeding plant candidates suitable for immune enhancement of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, three herbs, Radix paeoniae Alba (A), Eucommia ulmoides (B), and Rhizoma anemarrhenae (C) were tested. They were water extracted separately and added at different ratios into compound feed. Two-year-old grass carps were randomly divided into 6 groups against a control, and they were fed with A-, B-, and C-enriched feed separately, while the control was feed without any additive, at 3% of body weight per day. Experiment lasted for 43 days, during which blood samples were collected on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28, for the detections of blood cell components, serum lysozyme, and serum SOD, and then the experimental fish were challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila via intraperitoneal injection on Day 29. The results show that the phagocytic activity of leukocytes, lysozyme activity, and SOD activity of the fish fed on extract A enriched feed for 7 14 days were significantly increased (P<0.05), and their survival rate 14 days post-challenge reached about a half. In addition, among the three herbs, A was shown the best performance in the immune enhancement than B and C. In the future, searching for more good natural plants to prove aquaculture performance shall be encouraged. Key words feeding plant; preparation; grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus; immune enhancement; survival rate