DIETARY PREEN OIL: AN ANTI-STRESS FEED ADDITIVE FOR AQUACULTURE SPECIES

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1 DIETARY PREEN OIL: AN ANTI-STRESS FEED ADDITIVE FOR AQUACULTURE SPECIES UW-Madison Animal Sciences Dept. Animal Biologics Initiative UW Co-products laboratory, Aquaculture Research Lab, Meat Sciences Program Jake M Olson, PhD Artist: Geninne Zlatkis

2 OUTLINE US salmonid aquaculture Fish health impacts farm efficiency The poultry preen gland Preen oil manages fish stress Cosajaba oil, a pro-health feed ingredient

3 UNITED STATES SALMONID AQUACULTURE Production Rainbow trout: 20,000 tons Atlantic salmon: 30,500 tons Imported Rainbow trout: 12,000 tons Atlantic salmon: 450,000 tons Large domestic market opportunity for salmonid farmers Rainbow trout: $175 million/yr Atlantic salmon: $3.8 billion/yr

4 LARGE INVESTMENTS IN LAND-BASED SYSTEMS Technological advances are driving land-based systems forward Between , over $1.1B invested in land-based AS Atlantic Sapphire, FL - $350M, 100,000 tons/yr Nordic Aquafarms, ME - $450M, 33,000 tons/yr Whole Oceans, ME - $250M, 50,000 tons/yr Aquabanc, TBD - $70M, 5,000 tons/yr Midwest Aquaponics producers Superior Fresh, WI - 80 tons/yr Urban Organics, MN tons/yr

5 FISH HEALTH INFLUENCES FARM SUCCESS Disease and mortality from stress costs fish farms money Salmonid average mortality: 10%, $50M/yr lost in US Doesn t include costs of medications, down-grading, poor growth, vaccination, specialty equipment If unaddressed, US salmonid production = value lost Management of stress through the diet is a non-disruptive approach

6 THE POULTRY PREEN GLAND The avian preen gland has unique biological functions 10 billion broiler chickens (preen glands) in the US/year Preen glands are segregated waste (byproduct)

7 DIETARY PREEN OIL IMPROVES STRESS OUTCOMES Common aquaculture stressors Hypoxia stress Temperature stress Effects of preen oil Walleye: Increased hypoxia tolerance (25%) Trout: Increased hypoxia tolerance (20%) Cichlid: Increased temperature stress tolerance (60%) Koi: increased disease resistance (34%) Seawater transfer stress Rainbow Trout: Increased osmoregulation (12%) Handling stress Perch: No effect Rainbow Trout: Increased cortisol clearance (50%) Atlantic salmon: Increased cortisol clearance (50%)

8 PREEN OIL TARGETS THE STRESS RESPONSE Preen oil Procedure: Kidney cells are cultured ex vivo from fish fed preen oil or fish oil-coated diets. Cortisol cells are stimulated with cortisol and clearance is measured and compared between treatments. Investigating mechanism of action: Interplay of stress response & immune function

9 COSAJABA OIL: Stress management feed-oil for commercial aquaculture Development of Cosajaba oil at UW-Madison Lab scale (g) Small batch (kg) Commercial scale (tons) Cosajaba Cosajaba Cosajaba est. 3,000 tons/yr

10 SAFETY OF COSAJABA OIL FOR FISH (AND HUMANS) CO meets AAFCO definition for animal fat CO is free of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb, Hg) CO is free of commonly used poultry pesticides (organochlorine compounds) Does not impact fillet characteristics or omega-3s

11 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS Few pro-health products have a clear mechanism of action None of the current products control the primary stress responses Boost Cosajaba oil directly targets the stress response

12 CURRENT AND PLANNED TRIALS Ongoing Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout studies 1) Investigating mechanism of action, dosage, QC 2) Other value-added applications We are currently engaging trials with: 1) Land-based salmon/trout producers 2) Pond/Raceway rainbow trout producers 3) Global Atlantic salmon producers 4) WI-specific species (e.g. perch, walleye) 5) Ornamentals producers (e.g. koi) 6) Other farmed seafood (e.g. catfish, crustaceans)

13 VALUE OF INCREASING ATLANTIC SALMON SURVIVAL Dietary requirements: 1-2% CO inclusion (w/w) 2-3 months feeding around smoltification window Norwegian Atlantic salmon market: Over 32M fish morts/yr Value of added salmon: $1.0 billion/yr CO prod. meets feed requirements Global Atlantic salmon market: Over 55M fish morts/yr Value of added salmon: $1.5 billion/yr CO prod. meets feed requirements

14 HURDLES IN DEVELOPMENT Understanding value of health issues beyond direct mortality Requires input from aquaculture farms Species specific immune and stress responses Underdeveloped assays and models Mechanisms are not well understood We are always seeking more trial opportunities!

15 STEPS TOWARD COMMERCIALIZATION Pre-commercialization programs Discovery-2-product (UW) WARF accelerator program Technology Innovation funding Patent for use in aquaculture issued (US 9,943,480) SBIR phase I grants Engaging with regulatory Engaging with feed producers and aquaculture farms Developing production costs and suppliers Funding and support for Cosajaba oil

16 OTHER PROJECTS IN THE PIPELINE New UW Meat Sciences Laboratory being built Emphasis on animal biologics value added to animal agriculture waste (over 20 million tons of byproducts/yr) Analytical equipment Processing equipment Industry expertise Scientific expertise Edible products Animal Processing Inedible products Projects in cattle, swine, poultry, fish, sheep, goats Pharmaceuticals BioMaterials Bioactive molecules Manufacturing chemicals Value-added products

17 THANK YOU! Cook lab 2015

18 R E F E R E N C E S : 1 ) C E R M A Q A N N U A L R E P O RT C E R M A Q G RO U P A S. P P ) C U LT U R E D A Q U AT I C S P E C I E S I N F O R M AT I O N P RO G R A M M E ( C A S I P ). O N C O R H Y N C H U S M Y K I S S. T E X T B Y C O W X, I. G. I N : FA O F I S H E R I E S A N D A Q U A C U LT U R E D E PA RT M E N T [ O N L I N E ]. RO M E. U P DAT E D 1 5 J U N E [ C I T E D 2 D E C E M B E R ]. 3 ) F O O D A N D A G R I C U LT U R E O R G A N I Z AT I O N ( FA O ) T H E S TAT E O F W O R L D F I S H E R I E S A N D A Q U A C U LT U R E C O N T R I B U T I N G TO F O O D S E C U R I T Y A N D N U T R I T I O N F O R A L L. RO M E P P. 4 ) F O O D A N D A G R I C U LT U R E O R G A N I Z AT I O N ( FAO ) G L O B E F I S H - ANA LY S I S A N D I N F O R M AT I O N O N W O R L D F I S H T R A D E. S A L M O N M A R K E T E X P E C T S G L O B A L S U P P LY B O O S T I N S E C O N D H A L F O F ) M A R I N E H A RV E S T S A L M O N FA R M I N G I N D U S T RY H A N D B O O K M A R I N E H A RV E S T G RO U P. 6 ) M A R I N E H A RV E S T A. L E A D I N G T H E B L U E R E VO L U T I O N. I N T E G R AT E D A N N U A L R E P O RT. M A R I N E H A RV E S T G RO U P. 7 ) N AT I O N A L M A R I N E F I S H E R I E S S E RV I C E ( N M F S ). O F F I C E O F S C I E N C E A N D T E C H N O L O G Y ( ). F I S H E R I E S O F T H E U N I T E D S TAT E S. C U R R E N T F I S H E RY S TAT I S T I C S F U S F V 6. 8 ) N AT I O N A L O C E A N I C A N D AT M O S P H E R I C A D M I N I S T R AT I O N ( N O A A ) C U R R E N T F I S H E RY S TAT I S T I C S N O I M P O RT S A N D E X P O RT S O F F I S H E RY P R O D U C T S A N N U A L S U M M A RY, U S G OV E R N M E N T D E PA RT M E N T O F C O M M E R C E. 9 ) N O RWAY ROYA L S A L M O N A N N U A L R E P O RT ) U N I T E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F A G R I C U L T U R E ( U S D A ) ( ) T R O U T P R O D U C T I O N ( P P ). U N I T E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F A G R I C U L T U R E. N A T I O N A L A G R I C U L T U R E S T A T I S T I C S S E R V I C E.