Borja Moya-Gómez Juan Carlos García Palomares

Transcription

1 Introducing time variation of infrastructure performance in accessibility measures How can road congestion influence accessibility in large European cities? Borja Moya-Gómez Juan Carlos García Palomares NECTAR Cluster 6 Meeting Sevilla; February 7, 2014

2 Index Accessibility & Congestion.1 Two cases: BCN & MAD.2 Conclusions.3

3 Accessibility & Congestion.1 Two cases: BCN & MAD.2 Conclusions.3

4 1. Accessibility & Congestion c Congestion or temporal variation of infrastructure performance? Wasted time (lost ) Fuel consumption Pollution

5 1. Accessibility & Congestion UNBALANCED situation and transport network capacity CANNOT BE STORED Supply Demand NETWORK EFFECTS: SPILLBACK (extending congestion state upstream) SPILLOVER (effects in other edges or regions)

6 1. Accessibility & Congestion Congestion effects are shown on transport network but it is not only a transport problem IT IS AN INEFFICIENCE OF TRANSPORT LAND USE PEOPLE SYSTEM (including the time dimension)

7 1. Accessibility & Congestion Transport Network People Land Use Accessibility and ITS TIME VARIATION

8 1. Accessibility & Congestion We must be positive, introducing the time variation of infrastructure performance in accessibility measures implies HUGE PROBLEMS! Data Computation

9 1. Accessibility & Congestion Data For real networks: We need huge data referenced in a space-time framework BIG DATA! as a solution Complex problem: 2 reference scenarios (static): Ideal-goal vs congested travel time Or Create a pseudodynamic procedure and compare with this as well Computation

10 Accessibility & Congestion.1 Two cases: BCN & MAD.2 Conclusions.3

11 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD We have the potential accessibility for each zone for each fixed starting travel interval One interval each 15 minutes between 03:00 to 21:30 The cost of each edge depends on the use of time, not on the starting time of the trip But total cost trip between any origin and destination depends on the starting travel time (Dynamic or pseudodynamic)

12 * Original grid is 1km2, we aggregated it to 4km2 ** We did not use the capillary Network (TomTom FRC7 and FRC8 were removed) Total calculations were performed on the reachable area within 30 min (regardless of the LUZ boundaries), and considering free flow travel time 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Madrid and Barcelona are the largest urban areas in Spain EEA Grid* and LUZ Eurostat Grid Pop.* TomTom** Network and Speed Profiles Data used

13 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Barcelona LUZ Pop.: 4,274,519 Area: 2,019km 2 Average Pop. 4km 2 : 10,375 Madrid LUZ Pop.: 5,977,815 Area: 8,469km 2 Average Pop. 4km 2 : 3,754

14 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Animation Relative Accessibility losses MADRID

15 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Animation Relative Accessibility losses BARCELONA

16 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Animation Comparing Relative Accessibility losses MADRID vs BARCELONA

17 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Animation Affected population evolution MADRID and Barcelona

18 3:00 4:45 6:30 8:15 10:00 11:45 13:30 15:15 17:00 18:45 20:30 3:00 4:45 6:30 8:15 10:00 11:45 13:30 15:15 17:00 18:45 20:30 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD % pop. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Madrid % pop. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Affected population Barcelona RAI b=1

19 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Hour with less accessibility Both LUZ show the same pattern the city center is most affected in the afternoon

20 03:00 03:45 04:30 05:15 06:00 06:45 07:30 08:15 09:00 09:45 10:30 11:15 12:00 12:45 13:30 14:15 15:00 15:45 16:30 17:15 18:00 18:45 19:30 20:15 21:00 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD City center & the most populated grid cell 100% 95% 90% MAD +pop & center BCN +pop BCN center 85% 80%

21 03:00 03:45 04:30 05:15 06:00 06:45 07:30 08:15 09:00 09:45 10:30 11:15 12:00 12:45 13:30 14:15 15:00 15:45 16:30 17:15 18:00 18:45 19:30 20:15 21:00 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Main Airport Terminals 100% 95% 90% MAD (T4) BCN (T1) 85% 80%

22 03:00 03:45 04:30 05:15 06:00 06:45 07:30 08:15 09:00 09:45 10:30 11:15 12:00 12:45 13:30 14:15 15:00 15:45 16:30 17:15 18:00 18:45 19:30 20:15 21:00 2. Two cases: BCN & MAD Medium-sized cities within the suburban area 100% 95% 90% MAD (Alcorcón) BCN (Sabadell) 85% 80%

23 Accessibility & Congestion.1 Two cases: BCN & MAD.2 Conclusions.3

24 3. Conclusions Congestion on accessibility enlarges our knowleadge of the most common daily problems

25 3. Conclusions Introducing time variation of infrastructure performace in accessibility values allows us to know: Where When How much congestion affects Transport Land Use People System Who is the most affected by congestion

26 3. Conclusions Answering practical issues: Where is the most congestion resilient location for a hospital? Where should I establish a store? What is the optimal route for a delivery person to avoid wasting time?

27 3. Conclusions Controversial questions: Why BCN is more affected by congestion than MAD? Does Barcelona manage to correct the effects of congestion with high population density is Madrid road network over provided?

28 Thank you for your attention! Borja Moya-Gómez Juan Carlos García Palomares Introducing time variations of infrastructure performance in accessibility measures How can road congestion influence accessibility in large European cities