Biological survey of arthropods - Greenwoods Conservancy summer 1996

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1 Biological survey of arthropods - Greenwoods Conservancy summer Robin K. Basile* INTRODUCTION Greenwoods Conservancy. a one thousand acre plus property located in Burlington, New York, has been placed under conservation easement by the Otsego Land Trust (Taylor. 1994). Biological Field Station personnel undertake research and environmental education under the provisions ofthe easement. The development of trails, roads and a dock area. providing access to undisturbed floral and faunal communities. makes Greenwoods a superlative place to study. The property includes the unspoiled 70-acre Cranberry Bog and its watershed, wetlands. forests. meadows and many more unique communities. all with in1portant ecological value. During the summer of 1996, an arthropod survey was conducted at various locations at Greenwoods centered about Cranberry Bog. This paper. a list of arthropod taa. is the result of that work. METHODS AND MATERIALS Aquatic macroinvertebrates were collected at various microhabitats by the use ofa triangle net. The studies on Cranberry Bog on the bog mat (A), sedge meadow (B) and graminoid fen (C). were facilitated by use ofa small boat (Figure 1). These areas were surveyed twice, once in early and again in late summer. Aquatic arthropods were collected at the following additional sites: Road Pond. Beaver Dam Pond. Seldom Seen Pond, Red Trail Pond. and Woodchuck Pond on two dates during the Surnn1er (Figure 2). The organisms were brought to the BFS. preserved in 70% ETOH. identified to Genus and curated for further reference. Terrestrial arthropods were collected on areas adjacent to Cranberry Bog and Seldom Seen Pond. Si transects were established and samples were collected at 30m (100ft.) intervals along them (Figure 1). Two techniques were employed: sweeping with hand nets and the gathering of leaf litter from the forest Door. The leaf litter was placed in Berlese funnels for 24 hours to facilitate isolation of specimens. All Arthropods were preserved in 70% ETOB. These organisms were determined to Family. Determinations have not yet been verfied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1 provides a taonomic list ofthe aquatic arthropods collected during this study. A total of9 Orders. 34 Families and 60 Genera were identified. The pond on the Red Trail east of the Bog had the greatest species richness. The bog mat(a) ehibited the greatest species richness within Cranberry Bog. Table:2 provides a taonomic list of terrestrial arthropods. The samples of leaf litter showed an abundance of in1mature and adult mites. * PFCT college internship (Greenwoods Conservancy). summer Undergraduate student. SUNY Oneonta. Present address: PO Bo#883. Franklin. NY

2 Transect # Transect,if '") " ~\y,- "\, I Transect If 1... ",1 I \. Figure I. CranhL'rry Bog illustrating transects (1-6) where terrestrial arthropods \vere collected. Aquatic arthropods were sampled at sited A. 11 and C throughout the Bog and at additional sites as Ilumbered (@) in figure 2.. A = the bog mat or dwarf shrub bog; B = sedge meadow commllllity; C = rich graminoid len; D = hemlock-hardwood forest. Delinitions as per ReschkL' (19 1 )()). I. Beaver-dam rom!. 2. Road rond..1. Seldl)m-seen pond...j.. Red-trail ponds. 5. \\/oodchuck pond. Creek \V2 is a pl'rmanent stream. Creek W..J. is dry in etreme weather. CrL'ck \\/2 is evcn more ephenk'ral and driwn by precipitat ion (f-.lodilied li'l)m Pagan and Ferluge. I I )l)6)' WI // I J \ I 'I:I \,>, II' I II I',,\~ I Ii I I" J 11;\11'" \i I J I \ ~.I'\,'I':r-.;\\ \111; 1,,11 '.1;\:,\ I,

3 sms ed ilocdctuck RJad 3ea','2: Dai:! S=i:jj~1 5~~:-: :ai; ~ond Pond?~f:d?;:.:J ~'Jg ~ 2c~ B E~? :)~d ======== =============== =::::::= ~~== ==~=== ::: ~~ =~~: =~= ~= :1= ~= ~ ~=~:~. =~= ~=:~~= ;== ~ ~: =~===:=~= I~~===,= =~ =;: :~~= := =:.~: =~: ~= :,~~=;I ~~=~=:=:~: =:~ ~ =': ==:~: =::;=::; =. :: =:~: ==:; =:~= ORDER PA~IL'I GEUUS.u-Jil.. il.-uj.i. J,l.-lla 1 \10 ",:1.:. J6-J~n i18-ju.1 I..J,;.-~a! jl-jt.:.... U4-J...1 Id ~".l., ".. -oj"'u ~':':-Jl... /4.-,.1\..1. I~.. --J<J... -,-.:.-J".. i... ~-J: _ _ _ _ _ _... - _ _ _.. - Arnphipoda Crangonyc t idae CranGQIlYX GaJli'ila~ida:: ~~:us Talitrilae H'la~lll Hyd:acarina Ephel1.eropcera 2aeCldae Baetidaa Baetidae Caenidae Epherneullidae Siphlonur;dae ~a! i:~aecis ~r:~::r~d;;:;1 lliw C;;S2:3 Da:lo o 11a Siphl2nu~~s Odonata Aeshri ae ~.Jl.a:( Aeshni ae.~p,hr,a Cordd ieae!2g.2c:rd::lia Cardul dae Cordulia Co: 1ul leaa S2~j=,:cslQ!a Libel;ulidae.El~r22mlS Lio21iul:dae L2u-:Qrrn:il~2 Litellulicae S';iTIQP~rll~ Odona ta Gmphidae ~ Coenagriol'idae Enall=.~ma CoeGagrionidae Nehalemlla Lestidae Lest ;l:; X Hemiptera ~!esoveliidae Gerridae Notonectidae Pleidae Ne~idae Belostsmatidae Bel st matidae CJI X~ 6~ Cor : ~2 Mesoveli g Ge,ri, NQ\Q""eta NeJpl;o Rar.3;~a E~:QstJ8a LethQca:us ilir.~ ~,;:~:a Tric~.):_Yr::(j 1. I I 'f... f'.. Tahle 1. Taonomic list of aquatic arthropods collected during this study. > > o

4 F.~j ~ :J:dC;.. l:~ (~2d Eel':er :?-L:l S~~d:lil 322G 3~; :;:: :: ::~,.,. ~ : ~ (,jjj SiTES l c~... P::::i?od P ~::d ;,,,0 :.:. =====:=:::: ==:: ::::::: ::::::.:.::::::::. =::;::.:::.-: =: :=::.:.::; =::::::::.::: ::::::=:.:.::: :=: :::::::=:::::::::.: :;:: ===:::. ::::. :::; :.:.::::::.:::.::::.:: :::: :::: ::::::::.:::.:. I::::':':: :::;:::::: ORm F~:~~L'r' G:~;::S ::~-:'l.: i:3-jul ~:-~a~: i::~jl;l 106-::.:r.!lBMj'",l }:-M~i ilf j.j~ Ij~-;l.:~. :~~-;'~l ~:-;;~~. :::-:~: ~~ ::':L,::-:~~ ::-~~:: ::-:~~ ~ Mega lcpte ra Corycal iia2 Cbau~ icd;;s Sialid2e Sialis TrictJptcra Leptoce~idae Tdamd"5 J. Psyeho]! iiiae Psv;:,y]:a Limnephi I idae LilJn~ch11us Limneptilijje C~'/:a~d(i Br2c!:ycentrdae ).jlc~~d~.~es Coleovera Haliplidae?eltod'l\;" Haliplidae Ha~ i~1l!3 J. Dytiscidae vytiscus Dycisciiae Hvdropar"JS Dytisci~ae Lmopl:il'" Dyciscidie G[Jrh;d;~l1s )<, Dytiscidae nerq::ec~es ~ytiscidae Hydra-Iat;;s Dytiscidae lliill Dytiscidae CoptOtOIilUS Gyrinidae Dinetu; Gyrinidae Gvrir::.:s 1. aydrophilldae T::-Qpist~:n:.;s J. J. Hydrophilidas Hydropbiln X X Hydrophilidae Hydrochara Hydrophi 1idae Hvdromthus Diptera Tipulidae fu.lli Stratiomyiidae Eup~lamh m Stratiolllyiidae ~ Stratiolllyiidae Qd,nt?lIlyia Tahanidae Chryso;s Tabanidae ~ Chi ronolilidae ~.tlabesvmvia Table 1. Taonomic list of aquatic arthropods collected during this study. -

5 112 Insecta Isopoda Collembola Sminthuridae Entomobryidae Plecoptera Periodidae Odonata (Anisoptera) Libellulidae Odonata (Zygoptera) Coenagrionidae Hemiptera Reduviidae Miridae Nabidae Gelastocoridae Lygaeidae Lepidoptera Geometridae Tineidae Pterophoridae Hesperiidae Coleoptera Cassidinae Caribidae Diptera Tipulidae Psychodidae Diidae Culicidae Tabanidae Rhagionidae Sciomyzidae Lauaniidae Anthomyiidae Muscidae Agromyzidae Chironomidae Cecidomyiidae Sciardae Doliochopodidae Insecta (cant.) Orothoptera Acrididae Gryllacrididae Homoptera Defphacidae Hymenoptera Bomdinae Ich neumonid ae Formicidae Mesostigmata Iodidae Pseudoscorpiones Dactylochelifercopios Cheliferidae Arachnida Oecobiidae Pulpatore Phalangidae Diplopoda Julida Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Lithobiomorpha Lithobiidae Table 2. Taonomic list of terrestrial arthropods collected during this study.

6 113 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Earle Peterson for his generosity and vision in making this study and many others possihle. I would also like to epress my appreciation to Dr. William L. Butts and the many others who assisted in this project. REFERENCES Borror. D..I., C.1\. Triplehorn. and N.F. Johnson An introduction to he study ofinsects. 6 th Ed. Saunders Collegc Pub.. New York. Cloudsley-Thompson,.I.L. 19()~t London. Spiders. scorpions ccntipedes and mitcs. Pergamon Press, McDaniel. B Ilow to know the mites and ticks. Wm. C. Brown. Dubuque. Pcckarsky, B. L., P.R. Fruissinet. M./\... Penton and D.l Conklin Freshwater macroinvertebratcs of northeastern North America. Comstock. Ithaca. Pcnnak. R. W Freshwater invertehrates of the United States. Ronald Press. New York.

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD TO MONGOLIAN GUIDE... iv... 1 AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES... 10 Key to Aquatic Invertebrates... 12 Non-Insect Invertebrate Descriptions... 23 Other Commonly Encountered Invertebrates