Science Period. Astronomy Unit PracticeTest 2014 Sci 7

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Science Period Astronomy Unit PracticeTest 2014 Sci 7 Directions: Write the letter of the BEST answer on the appropriate space on the answer sheet. 2 points each 1.The model in which SUN is at the center of the system of planets is called the A. heliocentric system. B. geocentric system. C. solar system. D. Copernican system. 2.The heliocentric system gained support when Galileo observed that A. Venus has phases. B. one side of the moon always faces Earth. C. the orbit of each planet is an ellipse. D. most of the smaller planets are closer to the sun. 3and4: Use the diagram of the solar system below to answer the question. 3. Which planet does the sun have a Least gravitational pull on and why? A. Planet 3 because we live there. B. Planet 6 because it is near the asteroid belt. C. Planet 11 because it is furthest from the sun. D. Planet 1 because it is closest to the sun.

2 4. What would happen to planet 8 if it double in mass? A. The planet would be pulled into the Sun. B. The planet would continue straight into space. C. The planet would drop from space. D. The Planet would shrink in size. 5. What color are the coolest stars? A. Red B. White C. Blue D. Orange 6. The layer of the sun that looks like a halo or crown during an eclipse is the A. Core B. Photosphere C. Chromosphere D. Corona 7. The chemical reaction that is the source of a star s energy is A. Nuclear fusion B. Nuclear waste C. Hydrogen D. Helium 9. Parallax is a method to determine A. The distance of a star from Earth. B. The classification of a star. C. The temperature of a star. D. The mass of a star. 10. The lifetime of a star depends on its A. temperature. B. mass. C. magnitude. D. brightness.

3 11. A star is born when A. a nebula expands. B. helium and oxygen combine. C. nuclear fusion starts. D. a protostar begins to cool. 12. A black dwarf is the final stage of a A. medium-sized star. B. supergiant star. C. protostar. D. nebula. 13. When stars begin to run out of fuel, they first become A. supergiants. B. supernovas. C. white dwarfs. D. neutron stars. 14. The closest star to our solar system is A. Proxima Centauri A B. Betelgeuse C. Rigel D. The sun 15. The moon rotates on its axis A. 28 days B. 2 weeks C hours D. 1 year 16. When are tides highest? A. during the moon s first quarter phase B. when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line C. when the moon is at a right angle to the sun D. during the moon s third quarter phase

4 17. Day and night are caused by A. the tilt of Earth s axis. B. Earth s revolution around the sun. C. eclipses. D. Earth s rotation on its axis. 18. Earth has seasons because A. Earth rotates on its axis. B. the distance between Earth and the sun changes. C. Earth s axis is tilted as it moves around the sun. D. the temperature of the sun changes. 19. When the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, North America will A. more indirect rays and shorter days. B. more indirect rays and longer days. C. more direct rays and shorter days. D. more direct rays and longer days. 20. One complete revolution of Earth around the sun takes about A. one rotation. B. one season. C. one year. D. one eclipse.

5 Directions: Use the electromagnetic spectrum and your knowledge of Science to answer the following questions. Write your answers on the answer sheet. 2 points each 21. Which electromagnetic radiation has a longer wavelength: Ultraviolet or infrared? Infrared 22. Describe the relationship between energy and wavelength of electromagnetic radiation? As energy increases, wavelength decreases 23. Which color of visible light has the least energy? _RED ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

6 Directions: Use the H-R Diagram and your knowledge of Science to answer the following questions. Write your answers on the answer sheet. 2 points each SPICA 27. Which star has a greater absolute brightness, Aldebaran or Spica? 28. Which stars have a higher surface temperature than Regulus? Spica, Zeta Eridani 29. How are Deneb and Rigel similar? _Both Super giants, both very Bright 30. Why is Betelgeuse much brighter than our sun? It is a Super giant 31. Why would Sirius B appear brighter than Canopus? Because it is closer to us, apparent brightness is how bright it looks to us, Absolute brightness is how bright it is at a standard distance.

7 Directions: Use the eclipse diagram and your knowledge of Science to answer the following questions. Write your answers on the answer sheet. 1 points each 32. Figure A represents a Lunar eclipse, the Moon is in the Earth s shadow. 33. During what moon phase is shown in Figure B? A New Moon, the illuminated side of the Moon is facing away from the Earth.

8 34. On the diagram below, label high tide(s) and low tides (s). 2 points A B C D High or low high low high low 35. Does the diagram below show Spring tides or neap tides? 2 points How do you know? It is a Neap tide because the Sun the Moon and the Earth are at right angles it is a 3 rd quarter Moon. 36. In the diagram above, what moon phase is seen from Earth? 2 points 3 rd, or last Quarter 37. Why are Spring high tides very high but neap high tides very low? 2 points During a Spring tide the Earth the Moon and the Sun are aligned their gravity is working together creating very high tides. During a Neap tide the Sun the Moon and the Earth are at 90 0 angles and their gravity work against each other creating the least difference between the tides.

9 Directions: Use the seasons diagram and your knowledge of Science to answer the following questions. Write your answers on the answer sheet. 1 point each Position D Position A Position C Position B(6/21) 38. What is the approximate date of the Earth at POSITION A?_3/ What season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing at POSITION B? Winter 40. Which city has its shortest day at POSITION A?_City 1 and 2 will have approximately the same day length because 3/21 is an equinox and the latitudes are equidistant from the equator. 41. What season is City 1 experiencing? Spring_ Directions: Write the BEST answer to each question on the line. 1 point each 42. The date is July 4 th. What season is it? Summer. 43. How is the Northern Hemisphere tilted when it experiences winter? The Northern Axis will be tilted away from the Sun

10 44. What is happening to the length of day (versus night) as autumn progresses to winter? Write your answer on the answer sheet. Daylight hours get shorter Daylight hours get longer Daylight hours are equal