The color of a star provides a measure of its A. size B. mass C. composition D. surface temperature

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1 Which statement best describes the Big Bang Theory? A. Galaxies within the universe collided about 13.5 billion years ago forming the present objects in the universe. B. Existing objects in the universe move randomly with the potential of colliding in about 13.5 billion years. C. Galaxies throughout the universe moved toward each other after an event that occurred about 13.5 billion years ago.. Most objects in the universe are moving away from each other as a result of an event that occurred about 13.5 billion years ago. Which of the following sets contains only objects that shine as a result of reflected light? A. moons, planets, and comets B. moons, comets, and stars C. planets, stars, and comets. planets, stars, and moons

2 Before the telescope was invented, people had the idea that the planets were closer to Earth than were the stars. Which piece of evidence contributed to this conclusion? A. The planets were the only objects with visible moons. B. The Milky Way was sometimes visible during the day. C. The stars were consistently brighter than the planets.. The planets appeared to move much more quickly than the stars. As part of the modern theory of the origins of the elements, it is hypothesized that before the formation of the stars, most of the matter in the universe consisted of what atoms? A. hydrogen and helium B. nitrogen and carbon C. silicon and lithium. uranium and radium

3 The color of a star provides a measure of its A. size B. mass C. composition. surface temperature Which diagram best represents the relationships of motion among the sun, Earth, and the moon? A. B. C..

4 Which of the following diagrams best represents the size relationships among galaxies, stars, and the universe? A. B. C.. The force of gravity between two objects is greatest when A. masses are small and the objects are close together B. masses are small and the objects are far apart C. masses are large and the objects are close together. masses are large and the objects are far apart

5 The symbols below represent star masses and distances. represents a star with a mass the same as the Sun s mass represents a star with a mass greater than the Sun s mass d 2d represents a certain distance between star centers represents twice the distance between star centers Which diagram shows two stars that have the greatest gravitational force between them? A. B. C.. uring which Northern Hemisphere season is Earth closest to the Sun? A. spring B. summer C. autumn. winter

6 If Earth s tilt were to increase from 23.5 to 33.5 the result would be A. shorter days and longer nights at the Equator B. less difference between winter and summer temperatures in New York State C. colder winters and warmer summers in the Northern Hemisphere. an increase in the amount of solar radiation received by Earth Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents the Moon orbiting Earth as viewed from space above the North Pole. The Moon is shown at eight different positions in its orbit. The approximate time required for the Moon to move from position 3 to position 7 is A. 1 hour B. 2 weeks C. 3 months. 4 days

7 The accompanying graph represents the brightness and temperature of stars visible from Earth. Which location on the graph best represents a star with average brightness and temperature? A. A B. B C. C. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which shows two possible sequences in the life cycle of stars, beginning with their formation from nebular gas clouds in space. According to the diagram, the life-cycle path followed by a star is determined by the star s initial A. mass and size B. temperature and origin C. luminosity and color. luminosity and structure

8 Compared to the surface temperature and luminosity of massive stars in the Main Sequence, the smaller stars in the Main Sequence are A. hotter and less luminous B. hotter and more luminous C. cooler and less luminous. cooler and more luminous Which process produces the energy that allows the stars of the universe to radiate visible light? A. convection B. nuclear fusion C. insolation. radioactive decay

9 Most scientists believe the Milky Way Galaxy is A. spherical in shape B. 4.6 billion years old C. composed of stars revolving around Earth. one of billions of galaxies in the universe Which event takes the most time? A. one revolution of Earth around the Sun B. one revolution of Venus around the Sun C. one rotation of the Moon on its axis. one rotation of Venus on its axis

10 Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below. The diagram represents the inferred stages in the formation of our solar system. Stage 1 shows a contracting gas cloud. The remaining stages show the gas cloud flattening into a spinning disk as planets formed around our Sun. Which force was mostly responsible for the contraction of the gas cloud? A. friction B. gravity C. magnetism. inertia The length of an Earth year is based on Earth s A. rotation of 15 /hr B. revolution of 15 /hr C. rotation of approximately 1 /day. revolution of approximately 1 /day

11 Problem-Attic format version c EducAide Software Licensed for use by Gretchen Greer Terms of Use at Space Science EOY Review 05/03/ A A C C C C B B A C B A B

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