Investigations in Earth and Space Science Semester Review: Unit 1 and Unit 2

Transcription

1 IESS Unit 1: Solar Energy & Fluid Circulation Review Directions: Write the answer to each question in the box to the right of the question. Fold your paper along the line and use this as a review sheet! QUESTION/DIAGRAM ANSWER AIR PRESSURE Using the diagram below, arrange the letters on the line from least air pressure greatest air pressure. Least Greatest Air Air Pressure Pressure EXPLANATION: HEAT TRANSFER How is our layer of the atmosphere heated? Use the diagram below and explain including the 3 types of heat transfer. SOLAR ENERGY What absorbs most of the solar energy on Earth? 2. How does this absorbed energy keep Earth warm when the sun isn t shining? 3. How do clouds affect how much the amount of incoming solar energy? 3.

2 QUESTION/DIAGRAM WATER CYCLE A. Label the diagram ANSWER Part A Part B B. Explain how water cycles on Earth including collection sites as well as explaining how the water cycle is powered. MONSOONS Differentiate between a summer and a winter monsoon. Make sure to include the type of weather, as well as which way the winds blow. CORIOLIS EFFECT Explain what the Coriolis Effect is, what causes it, as well as how it impacts winds & ocean currents.

3 QUESTION/DIAGRAM OCEAN CURRENTS 1. ANSWER Compare the temperature & density of deep ocean currents, and surface ocean currents. 2. How do ocean currents affect the climate of an area? GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOLAR ENERGY Which place on Earth receives a constant amount of solar Energy? 2. What does the air and water do at the equator and why? 3. What does the air and water do at the poles and why? 4. Where do winds and ocean currents move heat energy from? 4.

4 QUESTION/DIAGRAM SEASONS Label all of these events on the diagram: ANSWER What causes the seasons? 1. Northern Hemisphere 2. Southern Hemisphere 1. Northern hemipshere: When does summer begin? When does winter begin: 2. Southern hemipshere: When does summer begin? When does winter begin? 3. North Pole: When does the North Pole get 24 hours of daylight? 24 hours of darkness? 4. South Pole: When does the South Pole get 24 hours of daylight? 24 hours of darkness? PREVAILING WINDS 3. North Pole 4. South Pole How does being located next to a large body of water affect temperatures (and climate) of a location? HIGHS & LOWS How does wind move? Describe a high pressure system? Describe a low pressure system 1. H 2. L

5 Name Date Pd Earth, Moon, Sun TEST REVIEW sheet MOON Phases 1. The moon takes days to complete one rotation around its axis. 2. The moon takes days to complete one revolution around Earth. 3. The moon takes days to complete an entire set of phases. 4. The reason we see the same side of the moon is because 5. The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the Phase Name 6. Draw the phases of the moon as seen from Earth in the circles 1-8 below. Then identify the name of the phase in the table

6 Eclipses 7. During a lunar eclipse, the is positioned between the and. As a result, the moon will appear in color because the Earth is casting a on it (See page 25 figure 14 in Astronomy Book) 8. Circle ANY letter of each sentence that is true about lunar eclipses. a. People see a total lunar eclipse when the moon is in Earth s penumbra b. A lunar eclipse occurs during a full moon c. During a lunar eclipse, Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon d. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only part of Earth s shadow covers the moon. 9. During a solar eclipse, the is positioned between the and. As a result, the moon will appear in color because we see the shadow of the from Earth. 10. The umbra is the of the moon s shadow and covers 11. The penumbra is the of the moon s shadow and covers. 12. Circle ANY letter of each sentence that is true about solar eclipses. a. People in the umbra see only a partial solar eclipse b. During a partial solar eclipse, part of the sun remains visible c. During a total solar eclipse, the sky grows dark d. People in the penumbra see a total solar eclipse Tides 13. What force pulls the moon and Earth toward each other? 14. Circle ANY letter of each sentence that is true about tides a. The point on Earth farthest from the moon has a high tide b. Every location on Earth has two high tides per month c. A low tide occurs at the point on Earth farthest from the moon d. The point on Earth farthest from the moon has a high tide 15. On the diagram below, draw the position of the moon at a spring tide, and how the tides will appear on Earth. What phases of the moon would someone on Earth see when the moon is in this position?.

7 16. On the diagram below, draw the possible position(s) of the moon at a neap tide, and how the tides will appear on Earth. What phases of the moon would someone on Earth see when the moon is in these positions? and the. PHYSICAL LAWS OF PLANETARY MOTION Kepler s Laws st law states that nd law states that rd law states that Newton s Laws 1. Law of Gravity states that and depends on two variables and 2. Law of Inertia states that 3. Basically the reason why the planets orbit the sun is because of the planet s own and the between the Sun and planet. MODELS OF THE EARTH, MOON, AND SUN Geocentric model 4. In the geocentric model, the is at the center of the revolving planets and stars. 5. Draw a diagram of the model below. Heliocentric model

8 6. In the heliocentric model, the is at the center of the revolving planets and stars. 7. Draw a diagram of the model below. LAYERS OF THE SUN 8. The Sun is made mostly of gas. 9. Explain how nuclear fusion occurs in the Sun s interior core 10. The layer next to the core is the, where photons have difficulty travelling to the exterior. 11. What occurs in the convection zone? 12. The outermost layer of the Sun is the. 13. Why does the Sun appear grainy in appearance? 14. Label the layers and features of the Sun on the diagram below. 15. The Sun s atmosphere is made up of 3 layers. Describe each layer below. a. The Photosphere- b. The Chromosphere- c. Corona-

9 SOLAR PROCESSES Sunspots 16. Sunspots are dark blemishes on the Sun s surface that are created by 17. The is the period in which the number of sunspots it at its greatest. The is the period in which the number of sunspots it at its lowest. 18. Low sunspot activity creates temperatures on Earth. 19. How long is a solar cycle? years Solar flares & prominences 20. Define a solar flare 21. Define a solar prominence Solar winds 22. Describe solar winds 23. Name four ways in which solar winds impact us on Eartha. b. c. d. 24. How do solar winds create auroras? Magnetosphere 25. What is the magnetosphere? 26. How does the magnetosphere help Earth? Life Cycle of a star 27. Explain the stages in the life cycle of a star and the processes that take place between each cycle.

10 Comets Galaxies Asteroids