Scientific Unit Conversion
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1 Francois Cardarelli Scientific Unit Conversion A Practical Guide to Metrication English translation by M.J. Shields, FllnfSc, MITI Springer
2 Contents List of Tables xiii 1 Introduction Why a Conversion Handbook? How to Use This Book 2 2 The International System of Units History The General Conference on Weights and Measures Organization of the SI SI Base Units SI Supplementary Units SI Derived Units Non-SI and SI Units Used in Combination Commonly Used Legal Non-SI Units Non-SI Units Defined by Experiment Non-SI Units Temporarily Maintained Non-SI Units Which Must be Discontinued SI Prefixes 12 3 Other Systems of Units MTS, MKpS, MKSA The MKpS System The MTS System The MKSA (Giorgi) System Cgs, Gauss, IEUS, a.u The cgs System The esu Subsystem The emu Subsystem The Gauss System International Electrical Units Atomic Units (a.u.) British and American Systems of Units Imperial Units Imperial Units of Length UK Linear Measure UK Nautical Measure UK Surveyors' Measure Imperial Units of Area UK Measures of Area UK Surveyor's Measure Circular Units Imperial Units of Volume and Capacity UK Measures of Volume UK Liquid Measure UK Dry Measure 26
3 Imperial Units of Weight UK Avoirdupois Weight UK Apothecaries' Weight UK Troy Weight v The American System of Measures (US'Customary Units) US Customary Units of Length US Linear Measure US Nautical Measure US Surveyors' Measure US Customary Units of Area US Measures of Area US Surveyors' Measure Circular Units US Units of Volume and Capacity US Measures of Volume US Liquid Measure US Dry Measure US Apothecaries' Measures of Capacity US Customary Units of Weight US Avoirdupois Weight US Apothecaries' Weight US Troy Weight Obsolete Weight and Capacity Measures UK Units for Beer, Wines and Spirits British and American Hay and Straw Weights British Weights for Wool The Foot-Pound-Second (FPS) System Ancient and Obsolete Systems of Weights and Measures Systems from Antiquity The Chinese System Old Chinese Units of Length Old Chinese Units of Area Old Chinese Units of Weight Old Chinese Units of Capacity The Indian System Old Indian Units of Length Indian Units of Weight Indian Units of Capacity The Egyptian System Egyptian Units of Length Egyptian Units of Area Egyptian Units of Weight Egyptian Units of Capacity The Assyrio-Chaldean-Persian System Persian Units of Length Persian Units of Area Persian Units of Capacity The Hebrew System Hebrew Units of Length Hebrew Units of Weight (Sacred System) Hebrew Units of Weight (Talmudic System) Hebrew Units of Capacity (Dry) Hebrew Units of Capacity (Liquids).. 54
4 The Greek System (Attic) Greek Units of Length Greek Units of Weight Greek Units of Capacity (Dry) Greek Units of Capacity (Liquids) The Roman System Roman Units of Length Roman Units of Area Roman Units of Weight Roman Units of Capacity (Dry) Roman Units of Capacity (Liquids) The Arabic System Arabic Units of Length Arabic Units of Area Arabic Units of Weight (System of the Prophet) Arabic Units of Capacity Obsolete National and Regional Systems Old French System (Ancien Regime) Old French Units of Length Old French Units of Area Old French Units of Capacity Old French Units of Weight Old French System ( ) Old Italian System Italian Units of Length Old Italian Units of Weight Old Italian Measures (Regional Variations) Old Spanish System (Castillian) Old Spanish Units of Length Old Spanish Units of Area Old Spanish Units of Weight Old Spanish Units of Capacity (Liquids) Old Spanish Units of Capacity (Dry) Old Portuguese System Old Portuguese Units of Length Old Portuguese Units of Weight Old Portuguese Units of Capacity (Dry) Old Portuguese Units of Capacity (Liquids) Old Dutch System Old Dutch Units of Length Old Dutch Units of Weight Old Dutch Units of Capacity (Dry) Old Dutch Units of Capacity (Liquids) Old German System (Prussian) Old German Units of Length Old German Units of Weight Old German Units of Capacity (Dry) Old German Units of Capacity (Liquids) 77
5 Old Russian System Old Russian Units of Length Old Russian Units of Weight (Ordinary) Old Russian Units of Weight (Apothecary) Old Russian Units of Capacity (Dry) Old Russian Units of Capacity (Liquids) : Old Swedish System Old Swedish Units of Length Old Swedish Units of Weight Old Swedish Units of Capacity (Dry) Old Swedish Units of Capacity (Liquids) Old Japanese System Old Japanese Units of Length Old Japanese Units of Area Old Japanese Units of Capacity Old Japanese Units of Weight 85 4 Conversion Tables Units in Alphabetical Order Conversion Tables Listed by Physical Quantities Conversion Tables for Units of Mass Conversion Tables for Units of Length Conversion Tables for Units of Area Conversion Tables for Units of Volume and Capacity Conversion Table for Units of Linear Density Conversion Table for Units of Surface Mass Density Conversion Table for Units of Mass Density Conversion Table for Units of Specific Gravity Conversion Table for Units of Time Conversion Table for Units of Dynamic Viscosity Conversion Table for Units of Kinematic Viscosity Conversion Table for Units of Linear Velocity Conversion Table for Units of Angular Velocity Conversion Table for Units of Force Conversion Table for Units of Pressure and Stress Conversion Table for Units of Energy, Heat and Work Conversion Table for Units of Power Conversion Table for Units of Plane and Solid Angle Conversion Table for Units of Thermal Conductivity Conversion Table for Units of Concentration Conversion Table for Units of Temperature Conversion Table for Electrical Units Conversion Table for Units Used in Magnetism Conversion Table for Photometric Units Conversion Table for Units Used in Nuclear Sciences Fundamental Constants Fundamental Mathematical Constants Fundamental Physical Constants Appendices Greek Alphabet Roman Numerals 425
6 Contents 6.3 Rules about Large Numbers (> ) Date and Time Numerical Representation National, Regional, and International Standardization Bodies International Standards Bodies National Standards Bodies Worldwide National Standards Bodies US Standards and Standardizations Bodies, Technical Associations and Societies Acceleration Due to Gravity at Any Latitude and Elevation International Practical Temperature Scale (IPTS, 1968) French-English Lexicon for Units French-English Lexicon for Physical Quantities Old Alchemical Symbols Used in Astronomy, Chemistry, and Biology Old Symbols Used in the British System Bibliography Specific References References about the Metric System and the SI References of General Interest Historical References International and National Standards 454
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