Section 8.1. Basic Terms and Conversions Within the Metric System. Copyright 2013, 2010, 2007, Pearson, Education, Inc.

Transcription

1 Section 8.1 Basic Terms and Conversions Within the Metric System

2 INB Table of Contents Date Topic Page # May 28, 2014 Test #1 20 May 28, 2014 Test #1 Corrections 21 May 28, 2014 Section 8.1 Examples 22 May 28, 2014 Section 8.1 Notes 23 May 28, 2014 Section 8.2 Examples 24 May 28, 2014 Section 8.2 Notes

3 What You Will Learn SI System U.S. Customary System Basic Units How to convert form one unit to another 8.1-3

4 SI System and U.S. Customary System Most countries of the world use the Systéme international d unités or SI system. The SI system is referred to as the metric system in the United States. Two systems of weights and measures exist side by side in the United States today, U.S customary system and the metric system

5 Advantages to Using the Metric System The metric system is the worldwide accepted standard measurement system. There is only one basic unit of measurement for each physical quantity. The SI system is based on the number 10, allowing less need for fractions

6 Basic Terms Metric Term Abbrev Common Use Comparison to Customary meter m length a little more than a yard kilogram kg mass about 2.2 pounds liter l volume a little more than a quart 8.1-6

7 Metric Prefixes Prefix kilo hecto deka deci centi milli Symbol k h da d c m Meaning 1000 base unit 100 base unit 10 base unit base unit 1/10 of base unit 1/100 of base unit 1/1000 of base unit 8.1-7

8 Changing Units within the Metric System To change from a smaller unit to a larger unit move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the left for each larger unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure

9 Changing Units within the Metric System To change from a larger unit to a smaller unit, move the decimal point in the original quantity one place to the right for each smaller unit of measure until you obtain the desired unit of measure

10 Changing Units within the Metric System Measure of length kilometer hectometer dekameter Symbol km hm dam Number of meters 1000 m 100 m 10 m Measure of length meter decimeter centimeter millimeter Symbol m dm cm mm Number of meters 1 m 0.1 m 0.01 m m

11 Example 1: Changing Units Convert m to km

12 Example 1: Changing Units Convert 14 g to cg

13 Example 1: Changing Units Convert 0.76 l to ml

14 Example 1: Changing Units Convert 240 dal to kl

15 Example 2: Two More Conversions Convert 502 mm to hectometers

16 Example 2: Two More Conversions Convert 6.34 dam to decimeters

17 Example 4: Comparing Lengths Arrange in order from smallest to largest lengths: 3.4 m, 3421 mm, and 104 cm

18 Section 8.2 Length, Area and Volume

19 What You Will Learn How to determine which unit of length is appropriate How to determine which unit of area is appropriate Calculate areas How to determine which unit of volume is appropriate Calculate volumes

20 Length The meter (metre) is used to measure things that we normally measure in yards and feet. Kilometer is used to measure things that we normally measure in miles. Centimeters and millimeters are used to measure what we normally measure in inches

21 Length Centimeters and millimeters Inches

22 Example 1: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Length Determine which metric unit of length you would use to express the following. a) The height of the statue of Babe, Paul Bunion s Blue Ox. Meters

23 Example 1: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Length b) The length of your nose Millimeters or centimeters c) The length of a flea Millimeters d) The height of the Empire State Building Meters

24 Example 1: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Length e) The diameter of a half-dollar Millimeters or centimeters f) The distance between Dallas, Texas, and Chicago, Illinois. Kilometers g) The diameter of a round wastepaper basket Centimeters

25 Example 1: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Length h) The diameter of a pencil Millimeters f) Your waist size Centimeters j) Your height Meters or centimeters

26 Area Areas are always expressed in square units: square centimeters, square kilometers, or square meters

27 Area Square centimeter replaces square inches. Square meter replaces square foot or square yard. Square kilometer replaces square mile. One square kilometer is about 4/10 square mile

28 Area A hectare is a square unit 100 meters on each side (a square hectometer) and is symbolized ha. A hectare is about 2.5 acres. One square mile of land contains about 260 hectares

29 Example 2: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Area Determine which metric unit of area you would use to measure the area of the following. a) Yellow Stone National Park Square kilometers or hectares

30 Example 2: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Area b) The top of a kitchen table Square meters c) The floor of a classroom Square meters d) A person s property with an average-sized lot Square meters or hectares

31 Example 2: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Area e) A newspaper page Square centimeters f) A baseball field Hectares or square meters g) An ice-skating rink Square meters

32 Example 2: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Area h) A dime Square millimeters or square Centimeters f) A lens in eyeglasses Square Centimeters j) A dollar bill Square Centimeters

33 Example 4: Table Top Find the area of a rectangular table top if its length is 1.5 m and its width is 1.1 m

34 Example 5: A Circular Table A circular table has a diameter of about 76 cm. Find the surface area of the table

35 Volume When a figure has three dimensions: length, width and height, the volume can be found. The volume of an item can be considered the space occupied by the item. Volume of liquids can be expressed in terms of liters

36 Volume A liter is a little larger than a quart. Liters are used in place of pints, quarts, and gallons. A liter can be divided into 100 equal parts, each part is called a milliliter. Milliliters are used to express the volume of very small amounts of liquid. Drug doses are often expressed in ml

37 Volume The kiloliter is used to represent the volume of large amounts of liquid. Cubic meters are used to express the volume of large amounts of solid and gaseous material

38 Volume The liquid in a liter container will fit exactly in a cubic decimeter. 1l = 1000 ml and 1 dm 3 = 1000 cm 3 1l = 1 dm 3 and 1 ml = 1 cm

39 Volume Volume in Cubic Units Volume in Liters 1 cm 3 = 1 ml 1 dm 3 = 1 l 1 m 3 = 1 kl

40 Example 6: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Volume Determine which metric unit of volume you would use to measure the volume of the following. a) The water in Crater Lake (the deepest lake in the United States) Kiloliters

41 Example 6: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Volume b) A carton of milk Liters c) A truckload of topsoil Cubic meters d) A liquid drug dosage Milliliters

42 Example 6: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Volume e) Sand in a paper cup Cubic centimeters f) A dime Cubic millimeters g) Water in a drinking glass Millimeters

43 Example 6: Choosing an Appropriate Unit of Volume h) Water in a swimming pool Kiloliters or liters or cubic meters f) The storage area of a sports utility vehicle with the back seats folded down or removed Cubic meters j) Concrete used to lay the foundation for a basement Cubic meters

44 Example 7: Swimming Pool Volume A swimming pool is 18 m long and 9 m wide, and it has a uniform depth of 3 m. Find (a) the volume of the pool in cubic meters and (b) the volume of water in the pool in kiloliters

45 Example 7: Swimming Pool Volume 18 m long, 9 m wide, and depth of 3 m

46 Example 10: A Hot-Water Heater A hot-water heater, in the shape of a right circular cylinder, has a radius of 50 cm and a height of 148 cm. What is the capacity, in liters, of the hot-water heater?

47 Example 10: A Hot-Water Heater What is the capacity, in liters, of the hot-water heater?