Comparative Evaluation of VSI and CSI based Unified Power Quality Conditioner

Transcription

1 IOSR Journl of Elerl nd Elerons Engneerng IOSR-JEEE ISSN: olume, Issue 6 Se-O. 0, PP Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner K.drjhry, Prmod Agrwl, H.O.Gu 3.Elerl EnggDe, Dr.BATU,Lonere, Ind.,3Elerl Engg De,IIT Roorkee, Ind ABSTRACT: In reen yers Unfed Power Quly ondoner UPQC s eng used s unersl e ower ondonng dee o mge oh urren s well s olge hrmons n ollued ower sysem nework. Boh olge soure nd urren soure nerer re n use for fron of UPQC. Curren soure UPQC hs unue dnges oer generlzed olge soure UPQC. Ths er resens omre nlyss of olge soure nd urren soure UPQC. A smle PI onroller nd rous hyserss nd PWM ehnue s used for deron of referene nd swhng sgnls reseely. The resuln omenson sysem elmnes olge s well s urren hrmons wh good dynm resonse. Exense smulon resuls usng M l / Smulnk for R-L lod onneed hrough n unonrolled rdge refer s resened for erformne omrson. Index Terms: CSI, urren hrmons, hyserss onroller, ower uly ondoner, seres e fler, shun e fler, UPQC, olge hrmons, SI. I. Inroduon The reen deelomen n ower elerons led o deelomen of sold-se onrollers, whh re n use wh ndusry, ommerl nd domes seors exensely. The uly of ower s eng deerored due o use of hese eleron onrollers, whh n urn demnds uly ower from soure []. rees of ower ondonng ehnues re n use srng from sse flerng o e ower ondonng []. Among dfferen new ehnl oons lle o mroe ower uly, Unfed Power Quly Condoner UPQC hs found o e more romsng.[3]. I rodes n morn nd flexle lerne o omense oh urren s well s olge dsurnes smulneously y sngle un. I s generlly onfgured wh wo -dreonl onerers onneed k o k hrough n energy sorge dee [3]. Sne s deelomen, SI sed UPQC ws n use due o s om sze, flexly o exend mulleel. Dfferen onfguron, rnle of oeron nd onrol of SI sed UPQC s dsussed n deh n referenes [4-6]. Wh he lly of new IGBT wh reerse lokng ly, he use of urren soure e flers s nresng due o s nul shor ru roeon ly, hgher effeny low ower lods, smle oen loo urren onrol nd effee flerng of hrmons. A onfguron nd onrol se of urren soure e ower fler s dsussed n referenes [7-8]. Performne of CSI sed UPQC s resened y Dusn Gro el n 00[9]. A omrson of urren nd olge soure shun e ower flers s dsussed n s [0-3]. Howeer, omre nlyss of urren nd olge soure UPQC ws mssng. Ths er resens omrehense nlyss of urren nd olge soure UPQC usng smle PI onroller for deron of referene sgnls. These referene sgnls re hen omred n rous hyserss onroller for generon of swhng sgnls. The dfferenes n sysem onfguron nd onrol sregy re resened n seon II nd I. The omenson sregy s dsussed n seon III. A omre nlyss of smulon resuls s resened n seon. II. Sysem Confguron Unfed Power Quly Condoner omrses of wo dreonl onerers onneed k o k hrough n energy sorge elemen s shown n fg.. The generlzed UPQC onsss of oh seres nd shun olge /Curren omenson elemens. Eh elemen onsss of dreonl swh o ommode for olge or urren onerson s er reuremen. One of dreonl onerer s onneed o sysem us n seres hrough rnsformer ermed s seres e fler.i s onrolled s olge generor. I hs ly of olge mlne omenson, olge regulon nd hrmon omenson he uly-onsumer on of ommon oulng PCC. In ddon o hs, rodes hrmon solon eween su rnsmsson sysem nd dsruon sysem. Anoher dreonl onerer s onneed n rllel wh lod o he sysem us lled shun e fler. 6 Pge

2 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner AC Lne S swh Seres Trnsformer Lod Seres -dreonl onerer DC Lnk Prlell -dreonl onerer DC Cor Fg.. Coneul dgrm of UPQC. I s onrolled s urren generor. I sor urren hrmons, omense for ree ower nd nege seuene urren njeed y he lod. Thrd elemen of hs ower lne ondoner s n energy sorge dee.these dreonl swhes my e of olge Soure Inerer SI sed or Curren Soure Inerer CSI sed. Eh ye of swh s hng s own mers nd demers. In urren soure sed UPQC lrge nduor s used s DC lnk, whle n olge soure UPQC lrge or s used s energy sorge elemen s shown n fg. nd fg.3 reseely. Ths d lnk wll funon s DC soures nd hene does no demnd ny exernl ower soure. Howeer n order o mnn onsn DC urren/ olge n he energy sorge elemen smll fundmenl urren s drwn o omense e fler losses... SYSTEM CONFIGURATION OF SI BASED UPQC A SI sed UPQC s ul wh wo rdges of IGBT swhes wh n rllel dode onneed k o k wh d or s energy sorge dee s shown n fg. Rs L I s s S 5 S 7 S S 3 f C L C d L C Non Lner Lod Soure S 8 S 6 S 4 S Fg.. Shem dgrm of SI sed UPQC The nduor L f hrough whh he nerer s onneed o ower suly nework seres rnsformer, ensures frsly he onrollly of he e fler urrens nd seondly s frs order sse fler enung he hgh freueny rles genered y he nerer. Ths fler my lso e formed wh hrd order LCL ye. The olge of d or used s energy sorge dee should e so hgh h he fler urrens n e onrolled o drw he lod urren hrmons hrough he suly fler. The heorel mnmum lue for he olge s he ek of he suly lne-o-lne olge... SYSTEM CONFIGURATION OF CSI BASED UPQC A CSI sed UPQC s ul wh wo rdges of IGBT swhes onneed k o k hrough n nduor of suffenly lrge lue s shown n fg.3. Seres njeon rnsformer Progrmmle olge soure DC lnk nduor L d T 4 T 6 T T 4 T 6 T L sh L S FRD 4 FRD 6 FRD FRD 4 FRD 6 FRD C sh C S T T 3 T5 T T 3 T5 FRD FRD3 FRD 5 FRD FRD3 FRD 5 Seres e fler UPQC Shun e fler Fg. 3. Shem dgrm of CSI sed UPQC The seres fler s onneed o AC mns suly hrough seres rnsformer of sule rng nd seond order low ss fler formed y C f nd L f. The sze of fler or mus e seleed refully o mke sure h no low-order hrmons re lose o he resonn freueny of he LC nk ru. The swhes re under dreonl olge sress nd mxmum lues of hese re he ek lue of he suly lne o-lne 7 Pge

3 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner olge [0]. A Fs Reoery Dode of smlr rng s reured o onne n seres wh eh swh s o lm reerse olge lokng. The use of seres dode n e oded y usng reerse lokng IGBT. The energy sorge elemen d nduor L d s desgned o lm he d urren rle o sefed lue o lm rles n I d The heorel mnmum d lnk urren s zero, u he urren should e les s hgh s he ek lue of he omensng urren. A R-L lod onneed hrough dode refer rdge wll s non-lner lod o erfy he sysem erformne. III. Comenson Sregy The eulen ru dgrm of n UPQC s s shown n fg 4 s s he suly olge,, nd re he seres omenson olge, shun omenson urren nd L, L re he lod olge nd lod urren reseely [ 5] - + I C + Z s - Fg.4. Eulen ru dgrm of UPQC The soure olge my onn ose, nege, zero s well s hrmon omonens. The er hse olge of he sysem n e exressed s : s n 0 ksn k k k I L Where s he fundmenl freueny ose seuene omonen, n nd 0 re he nege nd zero seuene omonens reseely. The ls erm of euon reresens he hrmon onen n he olge. In order for he lod olge o erfely snusodl nd lned, he seres fler should rodue olge eul o h n 0 ksn k k k Furher he funons of he shun e fler s o rode omenson of he lod hrmon urren, lod ree ower demnd nd lso o mnn DC lnk urren onsn. The er hse lod urren of shun e fler s exressed s l Cos ln lk 3 k l Cos Cos SnSn ln lk 4 k In order o omense hrmon urren nd ree ower demnd he shun e fler should rodue urren of h Sn Sn 5 ln lk k So he soure urren wll e CosCos 6 s l h Ths s erfe hrmon free snusodl urren n hse wh olge. I. CONTROL STRATEGY The onrol sregy hs een mlemened n wo rs: 4.. SERIES FILTER CONTROL In oh urren soure nd olge soure UPQC, he seres fler s onrolled y smlr hyserss nd olge onrol. A seres e fler s s onrolled olge soure y mosng hgh medne for he hrmon urrens, lokng her flow from oh lods o soure nd soure o lod dreons. The soure olge my onn zero, nege seuene s well s hrmon omonen, whh need o e elmned y seres omensor. In order for he lod olge o erfely snusodl nd lned, he seres fler should rodue olge eul o euon. The referene lod olges re oned y mullyng PLL sed un eor emles wh onsn eul o ek mlude of fundmenl nu olge [3]. Un eor emles for dfferen hses re oned wh roer hse dely s follows: 8 Pge

4 u u u Sn 0 Sn 0 0 Sn 0 f s m. u f s mu f s mu Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner These omenson sgnls re omred wh ul sgnls he ermnls of seres fler, he error s hen ken o hyserss onroller o genere he reured gng sgnl for seres fler. The onrol lok dgrm of seres fler s s shown n fg Gng sgnl generor Curren Conrol Un Gng Sgnl s s s PLL sed Un eor Temle m s s s Referene olge Generor Fg.5.Conrol lok dgrm of seres fler. 4.. SHUNT FILTER CONTROL The mn urose of he shun e fler s o sor urren hrmons, omense for ree ower nd nege seuene urren njeed y he lod. In ddon, onrols urren / olge of he DC lnk o desred lue OLTAGE SOURCE UPQC Is Is Is Gng sgnl generor Curren Conrol Un Gng sgnl s s s s s s PLL sed Un eor Temle Referene Curren Generor d PI Conroller d Fg.6.SI sed UPQC shun fler onroller 9 Pge

5 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner 0 Pge In se of olge soure UPQC, he d lnk olge s sensed nd omred wh he referene d lnk olge. A PI onroller hen roesses hs error. Ouu sgnl from PI onroller s regrded s mgnude of hree hse referene urrens. Referene suly urrens re hen oned y mullyng un eors emle wh mgnude of referene urren. The soure urren mus e eul o hs referene suly urrens. In order o follow hs referene urren sgnl, he soure urrens re sensed nd omred wh referene urren sgnls. The error genered s hen roessed y hyserss urren onroller wh sule nd, generng gng sgnls for shun fler [3]. The onrol dgrm of SI sed shun fler onroller s s shown n fg CURRENT SOURCE UPQC In se of CSI sed UPQC, he d lnk urren s sensed nd omred wh referene d lnk urren. A PI onroller hen roesses he error. The ouu sgnl from PI onroller s regrded s swhng ower losses of shun e fler, nd s dded o rel ower loss omonen o dere referene soure urren usng euons 9-5.These referene urrens re hen omred wh ul soure urren n hyserss onroller nd o dere he swhng sgnls of shun nerer. The shem lok dgrm of shun fler onroller s shown n fg.7 Fg.7. CSI sed UPQC shun fler onroller Insnneous e nd ree ower n orhogonl o-ordnes re luled s follows In mrx form s gen s From 9 he lues of nd n e exressed n erms of d omonens lus he omonens s follows ~ ~ Where s he d omonen of he nsnneous ower, nd s reled o, he fundmenl e urren. Gng sgnl -- o Clulon of nd + + PI LPF o - - s s s I s I s I s HCC I d I d ' I s I s I s

6 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner ~ s he omonen of he mgnry ower, nd s reled o he hrmon urren used y he omonen of he nsnneous rel ower. s he d omonen of he mgnry nsnneous ower, nd s reled o he ree ower genered y he fundmenl omonens of olge nd urren. ~ s he omonen of he nsnneous mgnry ower, nd s reled o he hrmon urren used y he omonen of nsnneous ree ower. To omue hrmon free uny ower for, 3-hse urrens, omensng owers nd re seleed s loss 0 Where loss s he nsnneous e ower orresondng o he swhng loss nd resse loss of shun e fler. Tol nsnneous e ower s luled y ddng rel ower loss due o swhng s shown n fg.7 [].The orhogonl omonens of he fundmenl urren re oned s follows. The -- omonens of fundmenl referene urren re oned s follows. s 3 0 s 3 3 s The onrol of oh SI nd CSI sed UPQC s relzed usng hyserss nd PWM ehnue. Among rous PWM ehnues, he hyserss nd onrol s used ery ofen euse of s smly of mlemenon, fs resonse nd does no need ny knowledge of lod rmeers. The s mlemenon of hyserss onrol s sed on derng he swhng sgnls from omrson of he sgnl error wh fxed olerne nd.. Comrson Bsed On Smulon Resuls To erfy he erformne, oh SI sed nd CSI sed UPQC model s deeloed usng oe euons n MATLAB / SIMULINK. A hree hse dode refer wh n RL lod s emloyed s nonlner lod. All he omensors re mlemened usng eulen dsree loks. Shun fler s swhed on 0.05 se, whle seres fler s swhed on 0. se o erfy he erformne of ndusl flers. Conrolled swhes re ssumed del. The sysem rmeers re seleed s gen n le TABLE- SYSTEM PARAMETER Suly 3Φ.50Hz,00- wh 0% of 5 h hrmons LodNon-lner 0+j7.85Ω Lne ndune 50μH Lne ressne 0.0Ω Swhng freueny ~0kHz Smle me μse Smoohng ndune mh The fler rmeers for SI nd CSI sed UPQC re seleed s gen n le TABLE- FILTER PARAMETER SI CSI DC Lnk Cne 450μF DC Lnk ndune 450mH Seres fler rene L SC 5mH., 0. Ω Seres fler rene C s 0.4μF,Ω Shun fler rene L sh 5mH, 0.4Ω Shun fler rene C sh 40μF,Ω The erformne of shun nd seres fler of SI sed UPQC s shown n fg 8 nd fg.9, whle h of CSI sed UPQC s resened n fg 0 nd fg. reseely. Pge

7 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner Fg.8. Soure olge, lod olge,omenson olge nd d lnk olge of SI sed UPQC. Fg..9 Soure urren, lod urren nd fler urren of SI sed UPQC The erformne of UPQC for olge hrmon orreon s deend uon he seres fler erformne. The lod olge s sme s soure olge, ll he seres fler s swhed on. The nsn whh seres fler s swhed on e 0. se, he lod olge eomes ure snusodl s nded n fg.8 nd fg.9. Hene omensng for olge hrmons resen n he sysem nd hus, orres he sysem olge o e ure snusodl PCC rresee of olge dsorons resen he soure. The erformne dfferene eween SI nd CSI sed UPQC s h he THD of lod olge PCC mroes o.5% n se of SI whle n CSI mroes o.3% from 0% of 5h hrmon dsoron soure whh s well elow he IEEE reommended hrmon Fg.0. Soure olge, lod olge nd fler olge of CSI sed UPQC Fg. Soure urren, lod urren, fler urren nd DC lnk urren of CSI sed UPQC Pge

8 Comre Eluon of SI nd CSI sed Unfed Power Quly Condoner Furher, he ly of UPQC for urren hrmons orreon nd ree ower omenson s djudged y he erformne of shun fler. The shun fler erforms ssforly only under lned olge ondons, whh n e erfed from fg 9 nd fg. n whh een hough shun fler s swhed on 0.5 se, euse of olge unlne fls o omenses ssforly for urren hrmons. Howeer, fer seres fler s swhed on, he shun fler srs o omense for urren hrmons. Wh he negred oeron of shun nd seres fler, he THD of soure urren n SI onfguron mroes from 5.6% o.6, howeer n se of CSI he THD of soure urren mroes from 5.55% o.0% gn whh s well elow IEEE 59 sndrds. A omre hrmon serum nlyss of oh SI nd CSI s resened n le 3. TABLE-3 HARMONIC SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Hrmon order Amlude I s I L s L CSI SI CSI SI CSI SI CSI SI Fundmenl h h h h h h THD% From he oe le s ler h CSI erformne eer hn SI wh rese o hrmon flron he desgned lod. The rnsen sly of he sysem s djudged y DC lnk osllons resen n he flerng sysem. SI sed UPQC hs rolem of slow onrol of onerer s omre o h of CSI sed UPQC h s eden from fg 5. nd fg 5.4. SI sed UPQC kes 00ms o reh d lnk olge o sle lue, whle CSI sed UPQC rehes sle lue wh n 50 ms ndng sueror funonles oer SI ounerr. I. CONCLUSION The erformne of CSI nd SI sed UPQC s suded. Boh he sysem s oered swhng freueny of 0 khz roxmely, nd s onneed o sme ye of suly sysem. For he sudy urose oh sysems re onneed o nonlner lod of 0+j7.85 hrough dode refer. The sudy reels h he erformne of CSI sed UPQC s eer s omred wh SI sed UPQC. A fxed swhng freueny, he THD of soure urren nd lod olge of CSI sed UPQC s less hn h of SI sed UPQC. Moreoer, he nresed osllons n SI sed sysem my resul n oor rnsen sly. Hene, s onluded h he erformne of CSI sed UPQC s eer n omrson wh h of SI sed UPQC. Referenes [] S.L.Clrk, P.Fmour nd W.L.Cooley, "Elmnon of suly hrmons: n eoluon of urren omenson nd e flerng mehods", IEEE, IAS 94, Dener, Colordo, USA,O.994, [] Bhm Sngh,Kml.A.H., nd Amrsh Chndr, A Reew of Ae Flers for Power Quly mroemen, IEEE Trnsons on Indusrl Elerons,ol-46,No-5, Ooer 999, [3] drjhry.k, Prmod Agrw nd H.O.Gu, A Smle Conrol Sregy for Unfed Power Quly Condoner Usng Curren Soure Inerer 8 h Inernonl Power Engneerng Conferene IPEC Deemer 007, Sngore [4] H. Fuj, H. Akg, Unfed Power Quly Condoner: The Inegron of Seres nd Shun Ae Fler, IEEE Trns. on Power Elerons, ol.3, no., Mrh 998, [5] M.Ardes, K.Heumn nd E.Wne, An Unersl e ower lne ondoner, IEEE Trnsons on Power delery, olume3, No,Ar 998, [6] Ghosh nd G. Ledwh, A unfed ower uly ondoner UPQC for smulneous olge nd urren omenson, Eler Power Sysems Reserh, ol. 59,00, [7] Y.Hysh, N. So nd K. Tkhsh, A noel onrol of urren soure e fler for ower sysem hrmon omenson, IEEE Trnsons on Indusry Alon, ol.7, No., Mr/Ar 997, [8] Slo. M., Tuus. H., A new onrol sysem wh onrol dely omenson for urren-soure e ower fler IEEE Trnsons on Indusrl Elerons, ol 5,No.6. De [9] D.Gro,. K, Alfred Rufer, Jon Kne e Bldor ASR GmH, Unfed Power Quly Condoner sed on Curren Soure Conerer oology EPE 00 Grz, -9 [0] M. Slo, & H.Tuus, Comrson of olge-soure nd urren-soure shun e ower flers, IEEE 36h Annul PES Conferene, PESC05, June -6, 005, Refe, Brzl [] L. Benh, S. Sde nd A Slem n, A omrson of olge soure nd urren soure shun e fler y smulon nd exermenon IEEE Trnsons on Power Sysems, ol.4, No., My 999, [] H. L Yunus nd R. M. Bss, Comrson of SI nd CSI oologes for sngle hse e ower fler, IEEE PESC 96, [3]. Khdkkr, P. Agrwl, A. Chndr, A.O. Bny nd T.D. Nguyen, A Smle New Conrol Tehnue For Unfed Power Quly Condoner UPQC, 004 h Inernonl Conferene on Hrmons nd Quly of Power, Lke Pld, New York, USA, Se , Pge