Sean Deinert, Director of Technical Operations Sean Hodges, Senior Spatial Analyst Jay Clark, Roads Product Manager GDM International Services, Inc.

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1 Sean Deinert, Director of Technical Operations Sean Hodges, Senior Spatial Analyst Jay Clark, Roads Product Manager GDM International Services, Inc. - Middleburg, VA LTC 2013

2 New Orleans Mediterranean East Dutch Catalhöyük, Map USGS of Map Babylon of Quadrangle Turkey the Sea ca. World Chart Map BC BC 1992 AD

3 Collection takes time Production takes time Updating is outpaced by real change Inconsistent updating leads to inconsistencies Costs to update outweigh benefit of the update

4 As lines cross map boundaries they do not meet their counterpart on the next map.

USGS maps are comprised of seven framework themes (water, elevation, transportation, boundaries, benchmarks, vegetation, and structures). USGS did not update all themes simultaneously.

6 USGS maps are comprised of seven framework themes (water, elevation, transportation, boundaries, benchmarks, vegetation, and structures). USGS did not update all themes simultaneously. On this map, USGS has not updated the hypsography theme. So, the old elevation contours (brown) lie in the updated water (blue). The thick red lines show the photo-revised shoreline and other water features from the 2004 orthophotos.

8 The yellow lines are where best-available digital data show the land-water boundary. The image is post hurricane orthophotography. Neither match the maps.

9 Age of USGS 7.5-Minute Quadrangle Map Series in Louisiana AK MS Map Age as of February Years 14 Quads (2%) Years 149 Quads (17%) Years 167 Quads (19%) Years 212 Quads (24%) Years 104 Quads (12%) 30+ Years 233 Quads (26%) DOTD Revised AL TX

10 All paper maps are 5 years or older 98% of paper maps are 10 years or older 81% of paper maps are 15 years or older 62% of paper maps are 20 years or older 38% of paper maps are 25 years or older The Catahoula Quad is 113 years old!

11 1928 Act 159 of 1928 establishes topographic mapping authority 2000 The USGS ceases Topographic Map Program 2002 The National Map becomes USGS mapping priority 2007 USGS announced that it had no further work to complete in Louisiana Aug DOTD partners with GDM International Services Inc to provide topographic mapping services for the State The Louisiana Seamless GIS Basemap Project begins with 4 main goals: Denote and acquire best available digital data from Local, State, and Federal sources Assess, revise, and compile sources into Seamless GIS Basemap Update National Hydrography Dataset watershed within project area Create USGS-like Topographic Maps for distribution 2010 Act 782 of 2010 establishes La. R. S. 48:36 Topographic Mapping

12 Develop and maintain a statewide digital geospatial database Act as authority for geographic names Set standards for the mapping of topographic features Plan and manage data collection for incorporation into a statewide database Promulgate rules and regulations as are necessary for the planning and managing of the geospatial data.

13 Support the geospatial information and technology requirements of LADOTD, Louisiana, and all other GIS users Meet the AAAAA Data Standard Accurate Authoritative Actionable Accessible Affordable Establish and implement geospatial data standards, provide data access, management, and distribution

14 Factor Accurate Authoritative Actionable Accessible Affordable Contribution to Data Quality The data adequately represents the state of the world in space and time. Locations have sufficient precision for their scale of use and data are current. The source of the data provides sufficient quality control to ensure its veracity and reliability. The data are well documented with metadata, require little further assessment or manipulation, and can be put to immediate use. The data are discoverable and available through direct download or Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Data can be searched directly, selected, and accessed without intervention by its provider. The data can be accessed with little or no cost to the user.

15 1:1,000 scale Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge

Traditional Basemap Sources New Digital Database Format GNIS, Local Data USGS Quads, DOQQ BLM, Census, State Data Census, State Data USGS NHD LiDAR

16 Traditional Basemap Sources New Digital Database Format GNIS, Local Data USGS Quads, DOQQ BLM, Census, State Data Census, State Data USGS NHD LiDAR Orthophotography Annotation Structures Boundaries Transportation LA Hydrography Seamless Database Contours Vegetation Land Use BLM, Census, State Data

17 1998 Lower Vacherie Quad USGS 7.5 Quadrangle Features marked Street locations Building locations What kind of school? What type of student body? Where is the school located?

18 2009 Lower Vacherie Quad LA DOTD 7.5 Quadrangle Features marked Street locations Building locations Lower Vacherie Elementary School Public, Pre-K Highway 644, Vacherie, LA Julie Dauzat, Principal

19 Cartographic Representation Boundary Content Presentation Storage and Retrieval Field Use Fixed. Data interpreted by a cartographer for presentation at a single scale. Designed to a particular presentation and end at an edge. Creates edge-matching issues. Paper maps don t match because of thematic and temporal differences. Fixed. Contents cannot change with time or be varied by the user for their purpose. Updating requires complete revision. Map revisions are not always vertically integrated. Fixed. Only information presented on the map is available through symbology and labeling. No additional information is available to the user. What you see is what you get. WYSIWYG. Take up a large volume of physical space. Susceptible to damage and deterioration. Retrieval requires physical location, removal, and transport of the media. Do not require electricity. Can be easily marked up. Can be weather-proofed.

20 Cartographic Representation Boundary Content Presentation Storage and Retrieval Field Use GIS data are stored as actual geometric features, but can be placed on the map using various cartographic representations, based on data. Digital maps can utilize actual, surveyed, legal boundary data. The data are seamless and represent the boundary and the area it contains. Dynamic. Digital data can contain much more information than is displayed. All of that information is remains available to the user for searches, alternate presentations, and geoprocessing. Dynamic. Multiple fields of data can be used to present a map in different ways, at the user s discretion. Digital maps can be stored and presented via different mediums; print, web maps, mobile devices, etc. An entire atlas can be stored on a thumb drive. A single geodatabase can contain all map elements and can provide them seamlessly to anyone. Data are searchable and can be transported electronically. Data can be brought into the field on mobile devices or pushed to remote users over a network or wirelessly. User maintains access to the data and their GIS tools, to use it. However, all this requires equipment and electricity that are not always available in the field.

22 Red features are from the NHD. Orange polygons are areas represented by NOAA as land in 1940 (most current data). These are now open water in the NHD.

23 First Coastal Louisiana experience Pass Manchac

26 Old methods 60,000+ features revised 8 months+ to update and revise Manual table generation New Methods 31,000+ features revised ~5 months to update and revise Automated table generation

27 Revision Status of Watersheds in Louisiana AR Status as of February 2013 Complete Conflation Not Started In Process MS AL TX

What does a high rate of foreclosures tell us? It may tell us that an area is overpriced, or needs help bringing new financing options to entice homebuyers.

30 What does a high rate of foreclosures tell us? It may tell us that an area is overpriced, or needs help bringing new financing options to entice homebuyers. Areas high in foreclosures or other vacancies may be areas to monitor more closely, in an effort to reduce potential crime. If the local economy is struggling, where can we best focus our resources? Foreclosures tend to be in disrepair. Poor curb presence decreases property values around the foreclosures themselves, further creating problems. Lower property values = Economic stagnation. Agencies involved:

effects: Affect the natural ecosystem of the State Affect transportation

31 Which areas are still to be rebuilt? What problems exist? Potential crime Health hazards Hurting industry Losing ground, and it s effects: Affect the natural ecosystem of the State Affect transportation routes, and State economy as a result Loss of land invites further disaster Agencies involved:

32 The Basemap Outdated basemaps are not doing anyone any favors. The maps are decades beyond their usefulness and need to be supplanted with newer technology Converting traditional paper-based maps to computer-based GIS makes sense, both financially and in terms of potential usefulness GIS seamless databases give us the opportunity to be freed from the grips of the traditional quad map Enhancements Using data that your agencies are already collecting, we can incorporate them into the new basemap and create new analyses By combining information between agencies we can save TIME and MONEY

33 Rails Airport Elevation Structures Addresses Land Use Trail Roads Ports Water (NHD) Boundaries LRS Routes and Log miles GPS Points Events Raster Cache Background Imagery or Hill Shade Places

34 Combines "geo" (spatial data) with "database" (data repository) to create a central data repository for spatial data storage and management. It will be used in desktop, server, or mobile environments and allows us to store data in a central location for access and management. 75% ESRI 25% interfaces to other software.

35 Find and display features based on common language queries improved search interface Geocoding for all geometries Path finding between queried features Point in Poly queries Manages LRS as a type of address range and measures Feature level metadata source and assumed pedigree

36 C o n t r i b u t o r s Local secure storage with WAN access to authorized contributors Editing Databases Periodic Updates Of Certified Data Published to Web for client usage or privately published to secure servers Published Databases U s e r s Used by Data Maintenance Process Currently less developed Used by All Others Currently more developed

Revenue Health & Hospitals Public Service Children & Family Services Economic Development Treasury State Agriculture & Forestry Education State Civil Service Wildlife & Fisheries Transportation &

37 Revenue Health & Hospitals Public Service Children & Family Services Economic Development Treasury State Agriculture & Forestry Education State Civil Service Wildlife & Fisheries Transportation & Development Division of Administration Veterans Affairs Attorney General Insurance Public Safety Corrections Housing Finance Agency Louisiana Workforce Commission Natural Resources Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority Culture, Recreation and Tourism Environmental Quality

38 Conflation is the process of matching features like streets between data sets that were created at different times and based on different levels of accuracy and precision. There are 2 types of conflation Geometric Conflation Attribute Conflation

39 Geometric conflation is a process that adds all unique geometric features from multiple data sets into one data set. For the Louisiana project we are using the State Base Map Layer as the Target (parent) and 5 Candidates (children). US Census TIGER data (2 files) Acadian Ambulance (1 file) Navteq (GOSHEP 1 file) TomTom ( commercial source 1 file)

42 Using the State Base Map street features, the data is fit to the state imagery using geometry database feature modeling specifications (DBFM). Correcting the geometry is called photo revision. Only new features (those not already present in the State BM data) will be used from the 4 candidates. Although some software automation is possible, geometric conflation is mostly a manual process.

43 3 & 6 CM aerial imagery Matches breadcrumbs State Collected Mobile GPS Breadcrumbs

44 The single most important function of the database is to link tabular and non-spatial information to locations (spatial data). It s a significant IT task to make sure the infrastructure is in place just to hold and share the tables. Expectations for search capability are burned into almost everyone s daily life. Slow, cumbersome query and search experiences will discourage users. Make Big Data into Small Data!!!

45 When the geometric conflation is completed, attributes are harvested from the input data sets and applied to the database using a pre- determined data model. Vendor TIGER NumAtts Comments 8 Names and addresses + links to US Census boundary and demographic data Names + Alternate names + very rich transportation/navigation NT 175 content BM AA 46 Names +l links to TIGER + LRS + HPMS 27 Names + jurisdictions + basic routing - used in computer aided dispatch system Names + Alt Names + transportation and TT 97 navigation After removal of duplicates and extraneous attributes the final Total 353 data model uses ~80 attributes

46 A spatial join is completed that links the map objects to each other by their location. These sections of road are very close to one another, and can be linked spatially by joining their IDs to the BM data. The result is the ability to transfer attributes between the data objects. State Base Map NT AA TIGER

47 Attributes are keyed to individual features by Universal Unique Identifiers (UUID) for each feature in each data set.

48 There is no magic 80/20 rule controls the process 80% of the work is automated 20% of the work is manual 20% of effort is automated 80% of effort is manual 2 to 3 year completion time statewide Maintenance should begin on areas 1 year after completion Using both commercial and public source data will build the roads layer in the best way possible. The quality of the data = the quality of decisions made with the data.

A spatially accurate statewide streets database that contains rich attribution for: Map Display Feature location Path Finding Attribute data is linked to the new

49 A spatially accurate statewide streets database that contains rich attribution for: Map Display Feature location Path Finding Attribute data is linked to the new geometry and preserves the State s existing data inventory. State data assets are used for multiple attributes. Road layer functionality is expanded for all users.

50 GDM International Services, Inc. Middleburg, VA LTC 2013

IMPLEMENTING GOVERNMENT-WIDE ENTERPRISE GIS; THE FEDERATED MODEL

IMPLEMENTING GOVERNMENT-WIDE ENTERPRISE GIS; THE FEDERATED MODEL James E. Mitchell, Ph. D. IT GIS Manager Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development presented at the ESRI International Users