EO Information Services. Assessing Vulnerability in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (Floods & Landslides) Project

Transcription

1 EO Information Services in support of Assessing Vulnerability in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (Floods & Landslides) Project Ricardo Armas, Critical Software SA Haris Kontoes, ISARS NOA World Bank HQ, Washington DC Date : 12 April 2011

2 Introduction : The EO Service Providers Critical Software (CSW) - Spin-off of the University of Coimbra, Portugal, in Offices in Portugal, UK, Romania, USA, Brazil, Mozambique and Angola - EO Focus: - Land Cover; Forest fires, Floods and Desertification risk maps; Forest management; Change detection; Vessels detection and classification. - Main Customers: - Pulp & Paper Industry; Civil Protection Agencies; Urban Planning and Development Institutions; Ministries of Environment; National Forestry Authorities. ISARS-NOA - One of the five Institutes of the National Observatory of Athens, the oldest and one of the largest research institutions in Greece - Longstanding contribution in major EO operational and R&D initiatives at EU: Emergency Response; Landscape Indicators; Land Use / Land Cover Mapping & Change - Emergency Response; Landscape Indicators; Land Use / Land Cover Mapping & Change Detection; Geophysical Activity Monitoring; Air Quality & Atmospheric Urban Environment Assessment - National Focal Point for GMES Emergency Response Services - Principal Investigator of ESA - Member of NASA s AERONET network - National Focal Point for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems

3 Background : The World Bank Project - Project context : - Promote sustainable urban development in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro - Build capacity for monitoring land use and for better understanding how to handle the natural risks affecting the municipality - Project Information requirements : - Key requirements: Land Use maps containing a detailed inventory of the urban patches - Additional further requirements: Vulnerability and availability of urban areas - Reason / Driver for this information i - Reliable and updated Land Use and hazard related information (DEM, slopes and flood scenarios) to create a baseline for monitoring the urban development of Rio de Janeiro - Products Delivery Plan:

4 The EO Information Products : What they are 1/3 Land Use Proposed Technical Specifications Data model (Raster/Vector) Minimum i mapping unit Geodetic File type Nomenclature Geometric Accuracy Thematic Accuracy Delivery Format Ancillary Data Metadata Vector data file 0,25 ha for urban surfaces 1 ha for non-urban classes WGS84, UTM ESRI shapefiles Urban-Atlas/GSE modified by User Defined Classes < 10-m RMS (depending on Spot data) 80% global accuracy Topologically correct GIS files COTS navigation data, COTS geometries, POIs, Aerial Photos, Maps & City Plans INSPIRE standards

5 The EO Information Products : What they are 2/3 Digital Elevation Model and Slopes - Digital Elevation Model (DEM) represents the first surface elevation of an area, including vegetation and man-made structures - Slopes represent the maximum change in z- value from each cell to the neighbourhood cells (3*3). Proposed Technical Specifications Data model (Raster/Vector) Raster data file (pixels) Pixel size 30 meters Geographic Reference system WGS84, UTM File type Geotiff files, KMZ DEM thematic content Meters Slopes thematic content Percentage Horizontal accuracy 15 meters Vertical accuracy 10 meters Reference Year 2009

6 The EO Information Products : What they are 3/3 Flood Scenarios - There are floods based on a unique and extreme event, or based on the accumulation of continuous rain; occurring in a specific watershed, in the shoreline or due to mixed causes (rivers and sea) - Three reference scenarios based on real flood events will be simulated and provided to the final users - The different scenarios are under analysis and will be demonstrative of the reality of Rio de Janeiro - This process will make use of Spot DEM, SRTM DEM (NASA), Land Use and precipitation it ti data

7 The EO Information Products : What they bring Very High Resolution EO data vs Traditional Surveys (Aerial / In-situ campaigns) 5 m data IRS-P 2.5 m data SPOT 5 Aerial Photo Benefits /Advantages - Significant cost savings - Wide Area Coverage - Affordable Data Handling, Less Complex Data Pre-processing & Processing - Non restricted access to Data - Easy updates of LU maps - Spatial resolution meets geometric accuracy of 1: scale 000-scale maps - Single features (e.g. Buildings or narrow streets) are interpreted with high certainty (up to 85-90%) - Meaningful data assessing urban environment dynamics and LU changes Limitations / Constraints - Limited use of Automatic Approaches - Need for Analogue Photo interpretation - Need for Computer Assisted Interpretation Environments - Need for nadir viewing acquisitions - DEM with medium to low spatial resolution, but with good quality DEM (Spot 30 m or SRTM 90 m) - Need for Ancillary Data to support the photo interpretation - When compared to aerial photos of cm, EO data provides smaller MMU and higher scales

8 The EO Information Products : What they bring Relevance to User Requirements - Urban Development - Identify vacant, under-utilized or industrial areas - Define priorities for urban development by identifying vacant, under-utilized or industrial areas near existing or future transport infrastructures - Identify the large majority of the informal settlements - Avoid urban development in high risk areas - Support urban development strategies - Reduce the potential impact in the areas with high probability of floods occurrence - Emergency Response - Support the definition of emergency plans - Focus the emergency support activities

9 Examples of Previous Use Land Use ATLAS and MURBANDY/MOLAND : Monitoring Urban Dynamics/Land Use Change User: EUROSTAT and European Environmental Agency - Scope: - Assess Nomenclature adaptability for EO derived maps - Conclude on EO applicability for LU mapping, benefits, restrictions, limitations - Measure and assess urban dynamics in EU through the creation of LU databases - Sites: Athens, Berlin - Nomenclature : Very detailed scheme (58 classes at the 3rd level) - EO Data: IRS-1P, KVR, IKONOS, Aerial Photography - Ancillary Data: Road Network, In-field Reporting, City Plans, Site Knowledge - LU Accuracy Achieved: 85% - User Feedback: Decision to continue with 25 other urban Agglomerations in Europe

10 Examples of Previous Use Flood scenarios - Several flood analysis have been made in both coastal and river scenarios, including several Portuguese rivers and coastal areas - The main focus of the work has been related to: - Evaluation of the vulnerability of planned or already built bridges or with other works in the floodplains - Planning of civil defense strategies, namely, escape routes - The main users have been Civil Protection agencies and ministries of Public Works and Home Affairs - Feedback provided by the users has been extremely positive, but the best feedback is the continuous usage of this information for decision i making

11 Thank you Questions & Discussion Date : 12 April 2011