1. Read the following article and fill in the vocabulary crossword. An Atom Apart: by Leslie Cargile

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1 Grade 6 Science Summer Work International School of Arts and Sciences ISAS Name: 1. Read the following article and fill in the vocabulary crossword. An Atom Apart: by Leslie Cargile Have you ever walked through a cloud of gnats on a hot summer, only to have them follow you? No matter how you swat at them, or even if you run, they won t leave you alone. If so, then you have something in common with an atom. Atoms are the building blocks of molecules, which when combined, make up everything. From the smallest one-celled amoeba, to every person who has ever lived, to the largest and brightest stars in the sky, atoms are everywhere.

2 Even way back in the time of ancient Greece, they wondered about atoms. That s where the word comes from, ancient Greece. The word A tomos, when translated into English, means: something thatcannot be divided any further. So what s an atom look like? Up until very recently no one could say one way or another. Technically we can t see individual atoms, since there are no microscopes powerful enough. Since technology improves all the time, it may not be long before we can actually see a whole atom through a special microscope. Even though scientists cannot see atoms with microscopes, they have developed ways to detect them and learn about them. Atoms are made up of three basic parts; protons, neutrons, and electrons. There is a core, or nucleus, and an electron cloud. The nucleus is made up of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons. The nucleus is held closely together by electromagnetic force. Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of the atom. A cloud of electrons orbits the nucleus. The negatively charged electrons are bound to the nucleus, and zap around it in a cloud.

3 Do you remember the cloud of gnats? The gnats would be the electrons zipping around you, the nucleus. There are different ways atoms are classified. They can be classified into elements, like oxygen, carbon, or hydrogen. All of the elements known to man so far can be found on the periodic table. The number of protons an atom has decides the chemical element. The number of electrons defines the atom's chemical properties, like its melting temperature and boiling point. The study of atoms and tiny particles that are even smaller is called quantum mechanics. Scientists still have much to learn about atoms. Maybe you will enter the study of quantum mechanics and find a brand new element. Maybe they ll even name it after you!

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5 2. Perform the following lab experiment and fill up the table below with your picture doing all the different steps: What you ll need: Blowing up balloons with CO 2 : 1) Balloon 2) About 40 ml of water (a cup is about 250 ml so you don t need much) 3) Soft drink bottle 4) Drinking straw 5) Juice from a lemon 6) 1 teaspoon of baking soda

6 Instructions: 1. Before you begin, make sure that you stretch out the balloon to make it as easy as possible to inflate. 2. Pour the 40 ml of water into the soft drink bottle. 3. Add the teaspoon of baking soda and stir it around with the straw until it has dissolves. 4. Pour the lemon juice in and quickly put the stretched balloon over the mouth of the bottle. What s happening? If all goes well then your balloon should inflate! Adding the lemon juice to the baking soda creates a chemical reaction. The baking soda is a base, while the lemon juice is an acid, when the two combine they create carbon dioxide (CO2). The gas rises up and escapes through the soft drink bottle, it doesn't however escape the balloon, pushing it outwards and blowing it up. If you don't have any lemons then you can substitute the lemon juice for vinegar.

7 Draw a figure of the procedure you have followed: Draw a figure of how the balloon looked like after the experiment was over:

8 3. Solve this crossword puzzle about ecosystems:

9 4. Make an ecosystem at home using the following figure as a guideline and tape a picture of your ecosystem in the provided box:

10 5. Draw the water cycle in the box below: Make sure you include the following labels in your figure: a) Condensation b) Precipitation c) Evaporation d) Infiltration e) Groundwater

11 6. Research about the planet Mars and answer the following questions: a) How big is it? b) What are the temperatures on its surface at night and during the day? c) How is the surface of Mars? d) What did scientists discover about this red planet? e) How many satellites does it have? f) What are Mars satellites called? g) Do you think life is possible on Mars? Why? Your Response:

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13 7. Find six pictures of landforms and add your description: Picture: Name: Desert Description Hot and arid. Very little precipitation.:

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15 8. Find the words below in the word puzzle: Q N E A R T H Z E Q G V I T C P W R C L L O T E A S U N R U Z V H D F O N L I Z K J N E O T U L P A O U Y I F H 1. Gravity 2. Corona 3. Sun 4. Uranus 5. Neptune 6. Pluto 7. Earth

16 9. Put the following food chains in order:

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18 10. Watch the following video and answer the following questions below: 1) How many phases does the moon have? 2) Discuss two phases of the moon and draw them: 3) Why do we only see one side of the moon from Earth and not both?

19 11. Examine the following figure and answer the questions: The Atomic mass of Chlorine is: 35. a) What is the number of electrons? b) What is the number of protons? c) What is the number of neutrons? (show your work) d) If Chlorine had an isotope, would the atomic number change? Yes or no? and Why?

20 12. Color the moon as a Waxing Crescent and the First Quarter using your pencil to shade the dark area that we cannot see.

21 13. Answer the following questions in the figure provided below: a) Draw the Earth s axis. b) Indicate the tilt of the Earth s axis c) Shade with your pencil the dark side of the Earth. d) Label Day and Night. e) Draw the moon in a position that gives you a solar eclipse. f) Indicate where you have total solar eclipse. g) Indicate where you have partial solar eclipse.

22 14. The Revolution of the Earth around the sun causes seasons to form. Fill in the blanks with the proper season and the part of the Hemisphere:

23 15. Open the following link and run the experiment on it to determine the different melting points and boiling points of objects:

24 16. Watch the following video about the how the planets move in orbits and write a small report on it in the provided section: Your Report:

25 Science Links of fun activities and games: 1) 2) x.cfm 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)