Potential indicators of habitat and water quality in the lower Columbia River
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- Dominick Morrison
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1 Potential indicators of habitat and water quality in the lower Columbia River Joe Needoba, Ph.D. Associate Professor OHSU-PSU School of Public Health
2 How did the Blob influence the Columbia River estuary? August 2014 October 2014
3 In 2015 the estuary was also influenced by warm river conditions
4 For the CRE, how does compare to previous anomalous warm years? 1997 Strong El Niño - warm ocean 2001 Low snowpack - warm river 2005 Delayed upwelling - warm ocean The Blob - warm ocean and river
5 Sensor Networks in the Columbia River estuary
6 Measuring ocean water in the estuary
7 Measuring ocean water in the estuary Temperature corresponding to daily highest salinity measurement
8 River Flow and Temperature
9 1997 Strong El Niño - warm ocean NCDC SST
10 1997 Strong El Niño - warm ocean
11 1997 Strong El Niño - warm ocean
12 2001 Low snowpack - warm river t/snow/snowpack_maps/columbia_river/wy2 001/cusn0105.gif
13 2001 Low snowpack - warm river
14 2001 Low snowpack - warm river
15 2005 Delayed upwelling - warm ocean May 2005 August 2005
16 2005 Delayed upwelling - warm ocean
17 2005 Delayed upwelling - warm ocean
18 The Blob - warm ocean and river October 2014
19 The Blob - warm ocean and river
20 The Blob - warm ocean and river
21 The Blob - warm ocean and river
22 The Blob - warm ocean and river
23 Summary of Estuary Conditions Year Event Ocean end member River end member 1997 El Nino Warm Cold 2001 Small snowpack Cold Average 2005 Delayed upwelling Warm Average 2014 Upwelling - blob Cold - Warm Average 2015 Blob + small snowpack + unusual warm weather in spring Warm Warm
24 Water temperature and related variable metrics EOT-US: # days during upwelling season (May-Sept) the estuary-ocean temp was > 1 STD warmer than average for EOT-DS: # days during downwelling season (Oct-Apr) the estuary-ocean temp was > 1 STD warmer than average for Upwelling: a measure of seasonal upwelling inferred from cumulative wind stress on Oregon coast ( ) (Pierce and Barth) R-temp: # days that average river temp was >19 C between May Sept (data ) Freshet: cumulative river discharge (m 3 x ) for May Aug ( ) (Bonneville Dam) April CRB SWE: % of median ( ) snow water equivalent across all Columbia River sub-basins ( ) (National water and climate center, USDA) April CRB Precip: % of median ( ) cumulative precipitation across all Columbia River sub-basins (National water and climate center, USDA) PDX air: # of days daily minimum air temperature > 58 F ( ) (
25 Variables related to water temperature Year EOT-US EOT-DS Upwelling R-Temp Freshet CRB SWE CRB Precip PDX air temp Avg 24 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± (2.3) 56 (0.9) -1.7 (1.5) 69 (-0.5) 10.7 (1.9) 163 (2.0) 147 (2.4) 52 (1.07) (-0.8) 90 (1.8) -3.0 (-0.0) 85 (0.76) 7.5 (0.3) 99 (-0.1) 94 (-0.3) 48 (0.79) (-1.7) 0 (-0.6) -2.9 (0.0) 58 (-1.4) 8.3 (0.7) 157 (1.8) 128 (1.4) 34 (-0.2) (0.3) 5 (-0.5) -2.7 (0.3) 81 (0.44) 6.1 (-0.5) 114 (0.4) 102 (0.1) 31 (-0.4) (-0.1) 0 (-0.6) -2.7 (0.3) 86 (0.85) 3.6 (-1.8) 60 (-1.4) 60 (-2.0) 24 (-0.9) (-1.1) 0 (-0.6) -3.8 (-1.0) 73 (-0.2) 7.2 (0.1) 126 (0.8) 108 (0.4) 28 (-0.6) (-1.0) 22 (-0.0) -3.4 (-0.5) 82 (0.52) 6.3 (-0.4) 88 (-0.5) 92 (-0.4) 44 (0.50) (0.7) 1 (-0.6) -1.7 (1.5) 81 (0.44) 6.1 (-0.5) 95 (-0.3) 93 (-0.3) 51 (1.00) (1.4) 23 (-0.0) -3.3 (-0.5) 79 (0.27) 5.6 (-0.7) 59 (-1.5) 72 (-1.4) 38 (0.07) (-0.1) 0 (-0.6) -5.1 (-2.7) 77 (0.11) 7.4 (0.2) 135 (1.1) 118 (0.9) 33 (-0.2) (0.8) 3 (-0.6) -3.0 (-0.0) 77 (0.11) 6.1 (-0.5) 83 (-0.7) 103 (0.1) 40 (0.21) (-0.8) 7 (-0.4) -3.6 (-0.8) 72 (-0.2) 7.7 (0.4) 141 (1.3) 113 (0.6) 36 (-0.0) (-0.3) 0 (-0.6) -2.8 (0.1) 85 (0.76) 6.3 (-0.3) 112 (0.3) 99 (-0.0) 54 (1.22) (-0.1) 18 (-0.1) -2.7 (0.3) 47 (-2.3) 6.3 (-0.4) 77 (-0.9) 77 (-1.1) 27 (-0.7) (-0.8) 26 (0.0) -2.9 (0.1) 59 (-1.3) 10.4 (1.7) 130 (0.9) 121 (1.1) 38 (0.07) (-0.7) 0 (-0.6) -3.2 (-0.3) 59 (-1.3) 9.2 (1.2) 119 (0.5) 109 (0.5) 38 (0.07) (1.4) 14 (-0.2) -2.9 (0.1) 84 (0.68) 6.7 (-0.1) 88 (-0.5) 96 (-0.2) 57 (1.43) (0.5) 73 (1.3) -3.4 (-0.5) 86 (0.85) 7.3 (0.1) 103 (-0.0) 97 (-0.1) 60 (1.65) (0.7) 134 (3.0) -4.4 (-1.7) 102 (2.15) 4.7 (-1.1) 44 (-2.0) 92 (-0.4) 66 (2.08) 2016 n/a n/a (0.72) 5.5 (-0.7) 105 (0.03) 114 (0.61) 49 (0.86) 2017 n/a n/a (0.15) 8.7 (0.9) 120 (0.55) 138 (1.85) 45 (0.57) Record year Runner up 2015 ranked high in 5 of 8 categories
26 Water quality time series data from off-channel sites
27 # hours Low dissolved oxygen - # hours < 6 mg/l
28 # hours DO - # hours < 4 mg/l
29 # hours DO - # hours < 2 mg/l
30 Acknowledgments Tawnya Peterson, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Catherine Corbett, Lower Columbia Estuary Partnership Charles Seaton, Sarah F. Riseman, António M. Baptista Center for Coastal Margin Observation & Prediction, OHSU
31 Mainstem Temperature
32 Mainstem Temperature
33 River Discharge at BAT
34 River Discharge at BAT
35 Estuary-Ocean Temperature and Cumulative Upwelling
36 Off-channel habitats 2015 vs 2017
37 Off-channel habitats
38 Water quality time series data from offchannel sites
39 DO - # hours < 6 mg/l
40 DO - # hours < 4 mg/l
41 DO - # hours < 2 mg/l
42
43
44 2016 Temperature comparison: Franz - Mainstem
45 2016 Temperature comparison: Campbell - Mainstem
46 2016 Temperature comparison: Whites - Mainstem
47 2016 Temperature comparison: Ilwaco - Mainstem
48 2016: # hours per month of dissolved oxygen below threshold of 6 mg/l
49 All years # hours per month of dissolved oxygen below threshold ILWACO WHITES CAMPBELL FRANZ <6 <4 <2 <6 <4 <2 <6 <4 <2 <6 <4 <2 Jun/ Jul/ Aug/ Apr/ May/ Jun/10 >200 Jul/10 Aug/10 Apr/11 May/11 Jun/11 Jul/11 Aug/11 Apr/12 May/12 Jun/12 Jul/12 Aug/12 Apr/13 May/13 Jun/13 Jul/13 Aug/13 Apr/14 May/14 Jun/14 Jul/14 Aug/14 Apr/15 May/15 Jun/15 Jul/15 Aug/15 Sep/15 Apr/16 May/16 Jun/16 Jul/16 Aug/16
50
51 O 2 % Sat Salinity SATURN-03 Dissolved Oxygen Time Series 13 m dissolved oxygen Saturn No evidence for strong hypoxia formation associated with the blob
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