Review for Earth and Space and Energy Types Test

Transcription

1 Review for Earth and Space and Energy Types Test Cycles and Greenhouse effect 1. Which of the following statements about the Greenhouse effect is true? A) An increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the amount of heat that escapes into space. B) A decrease in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the amount of heat that escapes into space. C) An increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the amount of solar radiation that will enter the atmosphere. D) A decrease in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the amount of solar radiation that will enter the atmosphere. 2. Which of the following does not contribute to the formation of greenhouse gases? A) Decomposition of waste in landfills C) Melting of the permafrost B) Burning of fossil fuels D) Photosynthesis in plants 3. In general, permafrost is ground that A) Is always frozen C) Only freezes during winter B) Rarely freezes D) Is located mainly in high altitude 4. Which of the following is not a consequence of the warming of the permafrost? A) Landslides B) Unstable infrastructure (buildings and roads) C) A decrease in the amount of vegetation D) The release of greenhouse gases 5. Explain the picture below in terms of greenhouse gases.

2 Lithosphere 1. What are ores? 2. Label the parts of the soil. Hydrosphere Questions 1. Which of the following statements describes the impact of thermohaline circulation on climate? A) It regulates the world s climate B) It decreases the world s average temperature C) It increases the world s average temperature D) It has no notable impact on the world s climate. 2. The take below lists three human activities that can have an impact on the quality of the water in a drainage basin. Human activities 1 Fertilizing farmland 2 Using jet skis and motor boats 3 Planting vegetation along the bank of a river or stream Choose 2 of the 3 human activities and explain their positive or negative impact on the rivers and streams of a drainage basin.

3 3. What is the role of thermohaline circulation? A) It keeps the ph of oceans uniform. B) It captures atmospheric CO 2 C) It transports heat from the equator toward the poles. D) It controls the tidal cycle 4. Using the following diagram, complete the table below by writing YES or NO to indicate whether points Y and Z would be affected by a spill at point X and whether points X and Z would be affected by a spill at point Y. Explain your reasoning. 5. Does the density of the ocean water increase or decrease as glaciers and pack ice melt? Explain your answer

4 6. Four consequences of global warming are listed below. Consequences 1 The permafrost has thawed. 2 The number of extreme weather events has increased 3 Sea levels have risen 4 Snow geese have begun making their nests farther north Which of these consequences helps increase the greenhouse effect? A) Consequence 1 B) Consequence 2 C) Consequence 3 D) Consequence 4 7. An inspector for a town of has noticed that the wastewater for the A2A carwash has been flowing into a nearby stream. The inspector informed the A2A carwash owners that they would be fined since they were polluting the town s water source. Use the map of the town s watershed below to explain whether the inspector was correct in fining the carwash. Explain your answer. A2A Car Wash Water Filtration Plant 8. What do glaciers and pack ice have in common? A) They float on the ocean B) They are made up of water whose salinity level is below that of seawater C) They are always located near the poles D) When they melt, they do not affect the salinity of the oceans 9. Which of the following statements is true about pack ice? A) The melting of pack ice affects the salinity of the ocean water. B) The melting of pack ice does not affect the temperature of the ocean water. C) The melting of pack ice affects sea levels. D) The melting of pack ice does not affect oceans. Atmosphere Questions 10. An air mass that originated in the Caribbean now lies over Québec, while a fast-moving air mass from the far north is heading down toward the southern part of the province. Given that the air mass from the far north is moving faster than the air mass that came up from the Caribbean: Explain what happens when these two air masses meet.

5 11. A mineral exploration company was planning a trip to the Far North to check whether the rocks in the area contain fossil fuels. However, the organizer first wanted to be sure that the weather would be conducive to his undertaking the expedition. The meteorological conditions in the Far North region for the two days prior to the intended departure are recorded in the table below. Date September 10 September 11 Hour 07: 00 07: 00 Temperature 7 C 1 C Pressure kpa kpa Relative humidity 55% 37% Rainfall in the previous 12 8 mm 1 mm hours Wind velocity 22 km/h 8 km/h Wind direction West South-west Nebulosity Cumulonimbus clouds Clear sky Based on the information above, what was the likely weather forecast for September 12? 12. Fill in the blank a) The Earth receives energy which is distributed by atmospheric circulation. 60 N b)what type of wind is illustrated on Figure 1 by the thick black arrows? c)name two types of prevailing winds. 30 S 30 N EQUATOR N W E Figure 1: Circulation Cells and Prevailing Winds S 13. True or false? a) Cold air rises and warm air sinks b) The rotation of the Earth causes winds to blow in a straight line c) Pilots use the jet stream to speed up flight times d) Cold front caused dispersed clouds and light showers e) An anticyclone is associated with high pressure

6 14. To plan his flight between two cities last April 1 st, an airplane pilot checked the weather forecast. The following table shows the temperature and relative humidity forecasts for these two cities on that day. City Temperature Relative humidity Rouyn - Noranda -12ºC 35% New York1 17ºC 78% Taking into account the given information, identify the type of air mass that affected each city and explain why. 15. Louise is listening to the weather forecast with her friend Lucy. TV host: A warm front is heading toward our region and will remain over the area for the whole week... Lucy, all excited, interrupts the forecast to say to Louise: Great! Nice weather at last! Do you want to go camping this week? Louise: Wait. Let s listen to the rest of the forecast first. Lucy does not understand why Louise does not share her enthusiasm about the weather forecast. Is Lucy right to think that the weather will be nice in the coming days? Explain your answer. 16. Louise and Lucy try once again to organize a camping trip. Louise has bought a barometer to predict the weather, but she doesn t know how to read it. She has been watching the barometer since early this morning: the needle is slowly rising, and its current reading is kpa. Considering the barometer reading, would you recommend the camping trip? Explain your answer. 17. A highly trained cyclist leaves Montréal for Québec. At the same time, another cyclist, of equal ability, makes the trip in the opposite direction. If a high-pressure system is hanging over Montréal, and a low-pressure system, over Québec, which cyclist will be the first to arrive at destination? Explain your answer.

7 18. Do winds generally blow in a straight line from a high-pressure area to a low-pressure area? Explain your answer. 19. Out of concern for the environment, Sophie has chosen to leave her car at home two days a week and walk to the office instead of driving. Before leaving home, she listens to the radio. According to the weather report, a high-pressure area has appeared over the city where she lives. a) What is the name of the weather system affecting the city? Energy Types b) Explain if Sophie should take an umbrella to work? 1. The following graph shows different sources of electricity in three major regions in Canada. Graph 1 -Proportion of Electricity Produced From Different Sources in Three Major Regions in Canada. Given the information in this graph and your knowledge of energy resources, which conclusion is TRUE? A) Electricity production has little impact on the environment in these three regions, since they all mainly use hydro power B) Air pollution caused by electricity production is greater in Ontario than in Quebec, since Ontario has more thermal power plants. C) Greenhouse gas emissions related to electricity production are greater in Ontario than in the Atlantic Provinces, since Ontario has more nuclear power plants. D) Electricity production has a major impact on the environment in the three regions, since they use no renewable energy.

8 2. Different types of electric power plants are listed in the table below. Types of Power Plants Wind Geothermal Hydroelectric Tidal Which statement is true about all these types of power plants? A) They produce few air pollutants. B) They can be set up anywhere in Canada. C) They all use water as the primary source of energy. D) They use non-renewable resources. 3. In Ungava Bay in northern Québec, the tidal range can reach more than 17 m. The diagram below shows the Earth along with a dotted circle representing the moon s orbit around the planet. Draw the symbol on the dotted circle to indicate the two (2) points in its orbit where the moon causes high tides in Ungava Bay. The position of this bay is denoted by the symbol:. Write the letter L on the Earth to indicate the two (2) points where the tides are low at the same time as the tide is high in Ungava Bay ( ).