2015 Iredell-Statesville Schools Physics

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2 Purpse and Use f Dcuments 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Physics Table f Cntents. 4 Cllege and Career Readiness Anchr Standards fr Reading.. 5 Cllege and Career Readiness Anchr Standards fr Writing.. 6 Science as Inquiry 7 Year at a Glance Phy.1.1 Essential Standards ( Mtin f Objects ) Phy.1.1 Essential Vcabulary. 12 Phy.1.1 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.1.2 Essential Standards ( Systems f Frces and Their Interactin with Matter ) Phy.1.2 Essential Vcabulary. 18 2

3 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Phy.1.2 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.1.3 Essential Standards ( Principles f Cnservatin f Mmentum, Cnservatin f Energy and Impulse ) Phy.1.3 Essential Vcabulary.. 22 Phy.1.3 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.2.1 Essential Standards ( Cncepts f Wrk, Energy, and Pwer ) Phy.2.1 Essential Vcabulary.. 25 Phy.2.1 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.2.2 Essential Standards ( Behavir f Waves ) Phy.2.2 Essential Vcabulary.. 29 Phy.2.2 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.2.3 Essential Standards ( Nature f Mving Charges and Electric Circuits )

4 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Phy.2.3 Essential Vcabulary.. 35 Phy.2.3 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.3.1 Essential Standards ( Charges and Electrstatic Systems ) Phy.3.1 Essential Vcabulary Phy.3.1 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Phy.3.2 Essential Standards ( Cncept f Magnetism ) Phy.3.2 Essential Vcabulary.. 44 Phy.3.2 Learning Targets and Criteria fr Success Instructinal Resurces Frmative Assessment Resurces ( sample questins )

5 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Purpse and Use f the Dcuments The Curriculum Guide represents an articulatin f what students shuld knw and be able t d. The Curriculum Guide supprts teachers in knwing hw t help students achieve the gals f the new standards and understanding each standard cnceptually. It shuld be used as a tl t assist teachers in planning and implementing a high quality instructinal prgram. The At-a-Glance prvides a snapsht f the recmmended pacing f instructin acrss a semester r year. Learning targets ( I can statements) and Criteria fr Success ( I will statements) have been created by ISS teachers and are embedded in the Curriculum Guide t break dwn each standard and describe what a student shuld knw and be able t d t reach the gal f that standard. The academic vcabulary r cntent language is listed under each standard. There are wrds in bld in each subject area that shuld be taught t mastery. The unpacking sectin f the Curriculum Guide cntains rich infrmatin and examples f what the standard means; this sectin is an essential cmpnent t help bth teachers and students understand the standards. 5

6 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Teachers will be asked t give feedback thrughut the year t cntinually imprve their Curriculum Guides. Cllege and Career Readiness Anchr Standards fr Reading The K-12 standards n the fllwing pages define what students shuld understand and be able t d by the end f each grade. They crrespnd t the Cllege and Career Readiness (CCR) anchr standards belw by number. The CCR and grade-specific standards are necessary cmplements the frmer prviding brad standards, the latter prviding additinal specificity that tgether define the skills and understandings that all students must demnstrate. Key ideas and Details 1. Read clsely t determine what the text says explicitly and t make lgical inferences frm it; cite specific textual evidence when writing r speaking t supprt cnclusins drawn frm the text. 2. Determine central ideas r themes f a text and analyze their develpment; summarize the key supprting details and ideas. 3. Analyze hw and why individuals, events, and ideas develp and interact ver the curse f a text. Craft and Structure 4. Interpret wrds and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, cnntative, and figurative meanings, and analyze hw specific wrd chices shape meaning r tne. 5. Analyze the structure f texts, including hw specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger prtins f the text (e.g. a sectin, chapter, scene, r stanza) relate t each ther and the whle. 6. Assess hw pint f view r purpse shapes the cntent and style f a text. Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas 7. Integrate and evaluate cntent presented in diverse media and frmats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in wrds.* 8. Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity f the reasning as well as the relevance and sufficiency f the evidence. 9. Analyze hw tw r mre texts address similar themes r tpics in rder t build knwledge r t cmpare the appraches the authrs take. Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity 6

7 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics 10. Read and cmprehend cmplex literary and infrmatinal texts independently and prficiently. * Please see Research t Build and Present Knwledge in writing and Cmprehensin and Cllabratin in Speaking and Listening fr additinal standards relevant t gathering, assessing, and applying infrmatin frm print and digital surces. Cllege and Career Readiness Anchr Standards fr Writing The K-12 standards n the fllwing pages define what students shuld understand and be able t d by the end f each grade. They crrespnd t the Cllege and Career Readiness (CCR) anchr standards belw by number. The CCR and grade-specific standards are necessary cmplements the frmer prviding brad standards, the latter prviding additinal specificity that tgether define the skills and understandings that all students must demnstrate. Text Types and Purpses* 1. Write arguments t supprt claims in an analysis f substantive tpics r texts, using valid reasning and relevant and sufficient evidence. 2. Write infrmative/explanatry texts t examine and cnvey cmplex ideas and infrmatin clearly and accurately thrugh the effective selectin, rganizatin, and analysis f cntent. 3. Write narratives t develp real r imagined experiences r events using effective technique, well-chsen details, and well-structured event sequences. Prductin and Distributin f Writing 4. Prduce clear and cherent writing in which the develpment, rganizatin, and style are apprpriate t task, purpse, and audience. 5. Develp and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, r trying a new apprach. 6. Use technlgy, including the Internet, t prduce and publish writing and t interact and cllabrate with thers. Research t Build and Present Knwledge 7. Cnduct shrt as well as mre sustained research prjects based n fcused questins, demnstrating understanding f the subject under investigatin. 8. Gather relevant infrmatin frm multiple print and digital surces, assess the credibility and accuracy f each surce, and integrate the infrmatin while aviding plagiarism. 7

8 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics 9. Draw evidence frm literacy r infrmatinal texts t supprt analysis, reflectin, and research Range f Writing 10. Write rutinely ver extended time frames (time fr research, reflectin, and revisin) and shrter time frames (a single sitting r a day r tw) fr a range f tasks, purpses, and audiences. * These brad types f writing include many subgenres. See Appendix A fr definitins f key writing types. Taken frm Cmmn Cre Standards ( ) 8

9 Science as Inquiry 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Traditinal labratry experiences prvide pprtunities t demnstrate hw science is cnstant, histric, prbabilistic, and replicable. Althugh there are n fixed steps that all scientists fllw, scientific investigatins usually invlve cllectins f relevant evidence, the use f lgical reasning, the applicatin f imaginatin t devise hyptheses, and explanatins t make sense f cllected evidence. Student engagement in scientific investigatin prvides backgrund fr understanding the nature f scientific inquiry. In additin, the science prcess skills necessary fr inquiry are acquired thrugh active experience. The prcess skills supprt develpment f reasning and prblem-slving ability and are the cre f scientific methdlgies. 9

10 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics 1 st 9 weeks 2 nd 9 weeks Frces and Mtin Essential Standard: Phy.1.1 Analyze the mtin f bjects. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Analyze mtin graphically and numerically using vectrs, graphs and calculatins. Phy Analyze mtin in ne dimensin using time, distance, and displacement, velcity, and acceleratin. Phy Analyze mtin in tw dimensins using angle f trajectry, time, distance, displacement, velcity, and acceleratin. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phy Identify a frame f reference fr measurement f psitin. Cmpare scalar-vectr quantities (distance-displacement and speed-velcity). Use vectr additin t determine resultant displacement and velcity. Describe (cnceptually, mathematically and graphically) the velcity f an bject as the rate f change f psitin; distinguish between cnstant, average and instantaneus velcity. Clarify that a psitive value fr velcity indicates mtin in ne directin while a negative value indicates mtin in the ppsite directin. Analyze psitin versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant velcity: recgnize a linear relatinship prvided by a best-fit line where velcity is the slpe f the line, apply the slpe-intercept equatin, y = mx + b, t derive the relatinship fr final psitin, x f = x i + vt Analyze psitin versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant acceleratin: cmpare t the graph f an bject mving at cnstant velcity; recgnize the shape f the curve as parablic indicating that psitin is prprtinal t the square f the time; relate the cncept f instantaneus velcity t the slpe f the tangent line. Describe (cnceptually, mathematically and graphically) the acceleratin f an bject as the rate f change f velcity. Clarify that a negative value fr acceleratin des nt indicate that an bject is slwing dwn. 10

11 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Analyze velcity versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant acceleratin: recgnize the slpe f the line as the acceleratin, recgnize that the displacement during any time perid is equal t the area under the graph; develp the relatinships fr bjects mving at cnstant acceleratin (such as rlling dwn an inclined plane r falling tward the Earth), x f = x i + v i t + ½ at 2 and v f 2 = v i 2 + 2aΔx Analyze psitin vs. time, velcity vs. time, and acceleratin vs. time graphs f bjects in mtin; identify the mtin as cnstant velcity r accelerating based n the shape f the graph; interpret the graph in rder t quantitatively describe the mtin. Phy Analyze situatins f mtin in ne dimensin (linear mtin) in rder t slve prblems by applying mathematical relatinships fr the fllwing: cnstant velcity x f = x i + vt cnstant acceleratin x f = x i + v i t + ½ at 2 v f 2 = v i 2 + 2aΔx Phy Analyze prjectile mtin t: determine that hrizntal and vertical cmpnents are independent f each ther; determine that the hrizntal cmpnent f velcity des nt change (neglecting air resistance) and the vertical cmpnent f velcity changes due t gravity; 11

12 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics determine that fr a prjectile launched frm the grund at an angle, the vertical cmpnent f velcity at the maximum height has a value f zer while the hrizntal cmpnent remains cnstant; reslve vectrs int vertical and hrizntal cmpnents using trignmetric relatinships. apply cnceptual and mathematical relatinships fr unifrm velcity fr the hrizntal cmpnent f velcity and range (hrizntal displacement); apply cnceptual and mathematical relatinships fr unifrm acceleratin with the vertical cmpnent f velcity and height (vertical displacement). Analyze circular mtin t: determine that an bject may mve with cnstant speed but changing velcity; determine that the directins f velcity and acceleratin vectrs are perpendicular t each ther; determine the relatinship between acceleratin and velcity (squared), and between acceleratin and radius f curvature (inverse), Slve prblems invlving mtin f planes and bats due t winds r river currents using vectr additin. 12

13 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Vcabulary: frame f reference, displacement, distance, velcity, speed, acceleratin, centripetal, tangential velcity, slpe, trajectry, range, gravity, air resistance, vectr and scalar. Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncepti ns I can analyze mtin graphically and numerically using vectrs, graphs and calculatins. I will shw hw t use different frames f reference t describe an bjects current psitin. I will be able t separate a list f measurable quantities int a scalar and vectr quantities. I will use tail-head and crdinate additin methds t add vectrs tgether t find the resultant. I will clarify that a psitive value fr velcity indicates mtin in ne directin while a negative value indicates mtin in the ppsite directin. I will analyze and explain psitin versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant velcity: I can recgnize a linear relatinship prvided by a best-fit line where velcity is the slpe f the line: v = Δx / Δt I can apply the slpe-intercept equatin, y = mx + b, t derive the relatinship fr final psitin: x f = x i + vt I will analyze psitin versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant acceleratin: I can cmpare t the graph f an bject mving at cnstant velcity; OER # 4 Rubric Blendspace: Frce/Mti n speed and velcity Speed is never negative but velcity can be Scalar vs Vectr Slpe vs Area Students must pay attentin t labels n X & Y axis t determine slpe versus area n graphs 13

14 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I can recgnize the shape f the curve as parablic indicating that psitin is prprtinal t the square f the time; I can relate the cncept f instantaneus velcity t the slpe f the tangent line. I will describe (cnceptually, mathematically and graphically) the acceleratin f an bject as the rate f change f velcity. I will clarify that a negative value fr acceleratin indicates that an bject is slwing dwn r speeding up. I will analyze velcity versus time graphs f an bject mving with cnstant acceleratin: I can recgnize the slpe f the line as the acceleratin, a = Δv / Δt I can recgnize that the displacement during any time perid is equal t the area under the graph; I can develp the relatinships fr bjects mving at cnstant acceleratin (such as rlling dwn an inclined plane r falling tward the Earth), x f = x i + v i t + ½ at v f = v i + 2aΔx I will analyze psitin vs. time, velcity vs. time, and acceleratin vs. time graphs f bjects in mtin; identify the mtin as cnstant velcity r accelerating based n the shape f the graph; interpret the graph in rder t quantitatively describe the mtin. 14

15 I can analyze mtin in ne dimensin using time, distance, displacement, velcity, and acceleratin Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will analyze situatins f mtin in ne dimensin (linear mtin) in rder t slve prblems by applying mathematical relatinships fr the fllwing: cnstant velcity v = Δx / Δt x f = x i + vt cnstant acceleratin a = Δv / Δt x f = x i + v i t + ½ at v f = v i + 2aΔx I can analyze mtin in tw dimens angle f trajectry, time, distance, displacement, velcity, and acceler I will analyze prjectile mtin t: I can determine that hrizntal and vertical cmpnents and explain their independence frm each ther; I can determine that the hrizntal cmpnent f velcity des nt change (neglecting air resistance) and the vertical cmpnent f velcity changes due t gravity; Independence f X & Y I will determine that fr a prjectile launched frm the grund at an angle, the vertical cmpnent f velcity at the maximum height has a value f zer while the hrizntal 15

16 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics cmpnent remains cnstant; I can reslve vectrs int vertical and hrizntal cmpnents using trignmetric relatinships. I can apply cnceptual and mathematical relatinships fr unifrm velcity fr the hrizntal cmpnent f velcity and range (hrizntal displacement); I can apply cnceptual and mathematical relatinships fr unifrm acceleratin with the vertical cmpnent f velcity and height (vertical displacement). I will analyze circular mtin such that: I can determine that an bject may mve with cnstant speed but changing velcity; I can determine that the directins f velcity and acceleratin vectrs are perpendicular t each ther; I can determine the relatinship between acceleratin and velcity (squared), and between acceleratin and radius f curvature (inverse), a c = v 2 / r Acceleratin is directed tward the center f the circle, nt utward. I will slve prblems invlving mtin f planes and bats due t winds r river currents using vectr additin. 16

17 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Standard: Phy.1.2 Analyze systems f frces and their interactin with matter. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Analyze frces and systems f frces graphically and numerically using vectrs, graphs, and calculatins. Phy Analyze systems f frces in ne dimensin and tw dimensins using free bdy diagrams. Phy Explain frces using Newtn s laws f mtin as well as the universal law f gravitatin. Phy Explain the effects f frces (including weight, nrmal, tensin and frictin) n bjects. Phy Analyze basic frces related t rtatin in a circular path (centripetal frce). Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phy Frm a free bdy diagram, assess the interdependence f vectr cmpnents f frces; reslve frces int perpendicular cmpnents. Apply Newtn s secnd law as the sum f all frces in a given directin s that the net frce acting n an bject in static equilibrium is zer and in a dynamic situatin equal t F net = ma. Phy Analyze systems f frces invlving bjects at rest (n a surface r suspended), bjects pulled r pushed alng a hrizntal surface by an applied frce that is either parallel t the surface r applied at an angle, bjects sliding r rlling dwn an inclined plane, Distinguish frces n bjects based n interactins including cntact and frces at a distance (nrmal frce, weight, frictin, tensin, applied frce). Phy Cnclude that an bject will cntinue in a state f mtin (rest r cnstant velcity) unless acted upn by a net utside frce (Newtn s First Law f Mtin The Law f Inertia). 17

18 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Explain the law f inertia as a cause and effect relatinship between an bserved change in mtin and the presence f an unbalanced r net frce. Cnceptually and mathematically describe the acceleratin f an bject in terms f its mass and the net frce applied (Newtn s secnd law- the law f acceleratin), r Apply prprtinal reasning t determine the effect f changing ne quantity while anther is held cnstant if the frce n a mass is dubled, the resulting acceleratin wuld be dubled (direct prprtin); if an equal frce is applied t an bject with duble the mass, its acceleratin wuld be half that f the first bject (inverse prprtin). Cnclude that while Newtn s secnd law describes a single bject, frces always cme in equal and ppsite pairs due t interactin between bjects. Give examples f interactin between bjects describing Newtn s third law whenever ne bject exerts a frce n anther, an equal and ppsite frce is exerted by the secnd n the first. The third law can be written mathematically as F A B = -F B A Explain gravity as a frce f attractin between bjects due t their mass that decreases with the distance between them; develp the mathematical relatinship given by the Universal Law f Gravitatin, Phy Cnstruct a cause and effect relatinship fr interactins between bjects that include: weight as the frce f gravity directed tward the Earth, nrmal frce as a supprt frce when an bject is in cntact with anther stable bject (always acts perpendicular t the surface), tensin as a frce transmitted thrugh and directed alng the length f a string, rpe, cable r wire due t frces acting at ppsite ends, frictin as a frce ppsing mtin f an bject due t cntact between surfaces (static r kinetic), 18

19 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics air resistance as a frictinal frce acting n bjects traveling thrugh the air. Phy Recgnize the cause and effect relatinship between centripetal frce and the change in velcity due t change in directin (centripetal acceleratin) f an bject as an example f Newtn s secnd law, F C = ma C Recgnize that a centripetal frce is nt the result f circular mtin but is prvided by interactin with anther bject. Essential Vcabulary: vectr diagram, equilibrium, nrmal, static frictin, kinetic frictin, rlling frictin, weight, mass, applied frce, inertia, inclined plane, parallel frce, perpendicular frce, tensin frce, centripetal acceleratin and centripetal frce Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncepti ns I can analyze frces and systems f graphically and numerically using ve graphs and calculatins. I will be able t determine the interdependence f vectr cmpnents f frces; reslve frces int perpendicular cmpnents, frm a free bdy diagram. I will apply Newtn s secnd law as the sum f all frces in a given directin s that the net frce acting n an bject in static equilibrium is zer and in a dynamic situatin equal t F = ma. vectrs, whether in mtin r frces are reslved int X & Y cmpnents and treated separately I will analyze systems f frces invlving bjects at rest (n a surface r suspended), OER #1 Rubric Objects mving with cnstant velcity are nt 19

20 1.2.2 I can analyze systems f frces in dimensin and tw dimensins usin bdy diagrams Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics bjects pulled r pushed alng a hrizntal surface by an applied frce that is either parallel t the surface r applied at an angle, bjects sliding r rlling dwn an inclined plane being acted upn by a net frce. F = ma s if a = 0 then F must equal 0 I will distinguish frces n bjects based n interactins including cntact and frces at a distance (nrmal frce, weight, frictin, tensin, applied frce) I can explain frces using Newtn s laws f mtin as well as the universal law f gravitatin. I will demnstrate and explain that an bject will cntinue in a state f mtin (rest r cnstant velcity) unless acted upn by a net utside frce (Newtn s First Law f Mtin the Law f Inertia). I will explain the Law f Inertia as a cause and effect relatinship between an bserved change in mtin and the presence f an unbalanced r net frce. I will cnceptually and mathematically describethe acceleratin f an bject in terms f its mass and the net frce applied (Newtn s secnd law- the law f acceleratin), r 20

21 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will apply prprtinal reasning t determine the effect f changing ne quantity while anther is held cnstant if the frce n a mass is dubled, the resulting acceleratin wuld be dubled (direct prprtin); if an equal frce is applied t an bject with duble the mass, its acceleratin wuld be half that f the first bject (inverse prprtin). I will demnstrate and explain that while Newtn s secnd law describes a single bject, frces always cme in equal and ppsite pairs due t interactin between bjects. Give examples f interactin between bjects describing Newtn s third law whenever ne bject exerts a frce n anther, an equal and ppsite frce is exerted by the secnd n the first. The third law can be written mathematically as: F A B = -F B A I will explain gravity as a frce f attractin between bjects due t their mass that decreases with the distance between them; develp the mathematical relatinship given by the universal law f gravitatin, Gravity exists everywhere in the universe. Weightlessness is caused by falling (Free-fall) I can explain the effects f frces (including weight, nrmal, tensin and frictin) n bjects. I will cnstruct a cause and effect relatinship fr interactins between bjects that include: weight as the frce f gravity directed tward the Earth, OER #2 Rubric 21

22 1.2.5 I can analyze basic frces related t rtatin in a circular path (centripetal frce) Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics nrmal frce as a supprt frce when an bject is in cntact with anther stable bject (always acts perpendicular t the surface), tensin as a frce transmitted thrugh and directed alng the length f a string, rpe, cable r wire due t frces acting at ppsite ends, frictin as a frce ppsing mtin f an bject due t cntact between surfaces (static r kinetic), air resistance as a frictinal frce acting n bjects traveling thrugh the air. I will recgnize the cause and effect relatinship between centripetal frce and the change in velcity due t change in directin (centripetal acceleratin) f an bject as an example f Newtn s secnd law, F c = ma c ; I will recgnize that a centripetal frce is nt the result f circular mtin but is prvided by interactin with anther bject. An utside frce must be present fr there t be circular mtin, it des nt happen by itself 22

23 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Standard: Phy.1.3 Analyze the mtin f bjects based n the principles f cnservatin f mmentum, cnservatin f energy and impulse. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Analyze the mtin f bjects in cmpletely elastic and cmpletely inelastic cllisins by using the principles f cnservatin f mmentum and cnservatin f energy. Analyze the mtin f bjects based n the relatinship between mmentum and impulse. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phy Cnclude that the ttal mmentum befre an interactin is equal t the ttal mmentum after the interactin as lng as there are n external frces the law f cnservatin f mmentum. Analyze cnservatin f mmentum and cnservatin f kinetic energy in the fllwing instances: tw bjects initially at rest push each ther apart, mving bject cllides with a statinary bject and the tw bjects stick tgether, a mving bject cllides with a statinary bject and the tw bjects mve ff separately, tw mving bjects cllide and either stick tgether r mve ff separately. Distinguish between elastic and inelastic cllisins bth kinetic energy and mmentum are cnserved in elastic cllisins while bjects are defrmed and kinetic energy is cnverted t ther frms (generally heat) in inelastic cllisins. Relate the cncept f cmpletely elastic cllisins t mlecules f an ideal gas. Slve prblems invlving cnservatin f mmentum in cllisins. Phy Define mmentum as a vectr quantity prprtinal t the prduct f mass and velcity, p = mv ; distinguish mmentum frm inertia and velcity; develp a cnceptual understanding that the same mmentum culd be assciated with a slw-mving massive bject and an bject mving at high velcity with a very small mass (e.g kg bject mving 1 m/s has the same mmentum as a 1-kg bject mving 100m/s). Cnceptually and mathematically analyze Newtn s secnd law t relate the change in mmentum, Δp = mδv, t acceleratin in rder t develp the impulse-mmentum relatinship the impulse applied t an bject is equal t the resulting change in mmentum. 23

24 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Analyze a frce vs. time graph; cmpare the area under the graph t a calculated change in mmentum. Analyze real wrld examples including the use f airbags in cars, time f cntact and fllw-thrugh in thrwing, catching, kicking, and hitting bjects in sprts, and bending yur knees when yu jump frm a height t the grund t prevent injury. Essential Vcabulary: mmentum, impulse, elastic cllisin, inelastic cllisin, cnservatin f mmentum, cnservatin f energy, kinetic energy and heat. Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncepti ns I can analyze the mtin f bjects in cmpletely elastic and cmpletely inelastic cllisins by using the principles f Cnservatin f Mmentum and Cnservatin f Energy. I will mathematically prve that the ttal mmentum befre an interactin is equal t the ttal mmentum after the interactin as lng as there are n external frces. (Law f Cnservatin f Mmentum) I will analyze cnservatin f mmentum and cnservatin f kinetic energy in the fllwing instances: tw bjects initially at rest push each ther apart, a mving bject cllides with a statinary bject and the tw bjects stick tgether, a mving bject cllides with a statinary bject and the tw bjects mve ff separately, mmentum is cnserved but different bjects can have different velcities depending n their masses. 24

25 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics tw mving bjects cllide and either stick tgether r mve ff separately. I will distinguish between elastic and inelastic cllisins bth kinetic energy and mmentum are cnserved in elastic cllisins while bjects are defrmed and kinetic energy is cnverted t ther frms (generally heat) in inelastic cllisins. I will relate the cncept f cmpletely elastic cllisins t mlecules f an ideal gas I can analyze the mtin f bjects based n the relatinship between mmentum and impulse. I will slve prblems invlving cnservatin f mmentum in cllisins. I will define mmentum as a vectr quantity prprtinal t the prduct f mass and velcity, p = mv ; distinguish mmentum frm inertia and velcity; develp a cnceptual understanding that the same mmentum culd be assciated with a slw-mving massive bject and an bject mving at high velcity with a very small mass (e.g kg bject mving 1 m/s has the same mmentum as a 1-kg bject mving 100m/s). I will cnceptually and mathematically analyze Newtn s secnd law t relate the change in mmentum, Δp = mδv, t acceleratin in rder t develp the impulse-mmentum relatinship the impulse applied t an bject is equal t the resulting change in mmentum. 25

26 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will analyze a frce vs. time graph in rder t cmpare the area under the graph t a calculated change in mmentum. I will analyze real wrld examples including the use f airbags in cars, time f cntact and fllw-thrugh in thrwing, catching, kicking, and hitting bjects in sprts, and bending yur knees when yu jump frm a height t the grund t prevent injury. Essential Standard: Phy.2.1 Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Phy Energy: Cnservatin & Transfer Understand the cncepts f wrk, energy, and pwer, as well as the relatinship amng them. Interpret data n wrk and energy presented graphically and numerically. Cmpare the cncepts f ptential and kinetic energy and cnservatin f ttal mechanical energy in the descriptin f the mtin f bjects. Explain the relatinship amng wrk, pwer and energy. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phys Identify wrk as the transfer f energy by a frce acting thrugh a distance, when that frce acts in the directin f mtin f the bject, W = FΔx Interpret a graph f frce vs. distance fr the displacement f an bject by a cnstant frce; the area under the graph is equal t the wrk dne by the frce n the bject; wrk is a scalar quantity. Explain the wrk-energy relatinship invlving: 26

27 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics wrk dne in lifting an bject vertically t the change in gravitatinal ptential energy, PE g = mgh wrk dne in setting an bject in mtin t the change in kinetic energy, KE = ½ mv 2 wrk dne in stretching r cmpressing a spring t the change in elastic ptential energy, PE S = ½ kx 2 Phys Cmpare cnceptually and mathematically situatins invlving ptential-kinetic energy transfrmatins (pendulum, falling bject, rller caster, inclined plane, blck-spring system) indicating the amunt f energy at varius lcatins. Summarize the cncept f energy cnservatin - energy can be stred and transferred, but cannt be created r destryed. Cnclude that in all situatins, energy tends t dissipate thrughut the envirnment generally due t frictin resulting in heat transfer. Phys Define pwer as the rate f ding wrk (transferring energy), Explain that while it takes the same amunt f energy (same amunt f wrk) t walk r run up a flight f stairs, the pwer is different. 27

28 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Vcabulary: wrk, pwer, ptential energy, kinetic energy, ptential spring energy, pendulum, blck-spring system and heat transfer Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncept ins I can interpret data n wrk and energy presented graphically and numerically. I will identify wrk as the transfer f energy by a frce acting thrugh a distance, when that frce acts in the directin f mtin f the bject, W = FΔx I will interpret a graph f frce vs. distance fr the displacement f an bject by a cnstant frce and shw that the area under the graph is equal t the wrk dne by the frce n the bject and that wrk is a scalar quantity. I will explain the wrk-energy relatinship invlving the fllwing: wrk dne in lifting an bject vertically t the change in gravitatinal ptential energy, PE g = mgh wrk dne in setting an bject in mtin t the change in kinetic energy, KE = ½ mv 2 wrk dne in stretching r cmpressing a spring t the change in elastic ptential energy, PE S = ½ kx I can cmpare and cntrast the cncepts f ptential and kinetic energy and cnservatin f I will cmpare descriptively and mathematically situatins invlving ptential-kinetic energy transfrmatins (pendulum, falling bject, rller Mechanical Energy f a system is 28

29 ttal mechanical energy as it is described in the mtin f bjects Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics caster, inclined plane, blck-spring system) and explaining the amunt f energy at varius lcatins thrughut the mtin. cnserved I can explain the relatinship between wrk, pwer and energy. I will summarize the cncept f energy cnservatin - energy can be stred and transferred, but cannt be created r destryed. (The ttal amunt f energy remains cnstant.) I will define pwer as the rate f ding wrk (transferring energy) and apply prper usage f the pwer equatin, I will explain that while it takes the same amunt f energy (same amunt f wrk) t walk r run up a flight f stairs, the pwer is different. Pwer is dependent n time whereas wrk is nt. 29

30 Essential Standard: Phy.2.2 Analyze the behavir f waves. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Phy Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Analyze hw energy is transmitted thrugh waves, using the fundamental characteristics f waves: wavelength, perid, frequency, amplitude, and wave velcity. Analyze wave behavirs in terms f transmissin, reflectin, refractin and interference. Cmpare mechanical and electrmagnetic waves in terms f wave characteristics and behavir (specifically sund and light). Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phys Analyze basic prperties f waves in pendulums, mass-spring system, rpes, tuning frks, large cil (Slinky ) springs, and ripple tanks cnnecting prir knwledge f wrk-energy therem and vibratry mtin t the transfer f energy thrugh a medium. Cnceptually, graphically and mathematically define and rganize the characteristics f wavelength, perid, frequency, amplitude and wave speed t these varied situatins t include an inverse relatinship between perid and frequency, the relatinship between wave speed, frequency and wavelength, v = f λ that amplitude is related t wave energy, that wave speed in a mechanical wave is determined by the medium (density and elasticity) and is independent f frequency r amplitude(energy). Analyze the change in frequency due t mtin f a wave surce r receiver the Dppler effect; identify pitch as an interpretatin f the frequency f sund and clr as the perceptin f visible light frequency. Slinky is a registered trademark f Pf-Slinky, Inc. Phys Analyze transmissin, refractin, and reflectin f waves t cnclude the fllwing: Mechanical waves require a medium while electrmagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum; 30

31 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics When waves encunter a new medium the energy may be absrbed by the mlecules f the material, transmitted changing speed (refracted) r reflected frm the surface. Electrmagnetic waves travel at the speed f light, c, in air r a vacuum and slw dwn as they enter ther transparent materials accrding t the mathematical relatinships relating wave speed, v, index f refractin, n, and angle f light measured frm the nrmal: The angle that light strikes a bundary determines if it is transmitted int anther transparent material r reflected; The angle beynd which all light is reflected (ttal internal reflectin) is called the critical angle and can be fund frm the relatinship Light waves are reflected frm a smth surface accrding t the law f reflectin the angle f incidence is equal t the angle f reflectin. Analyze interference and the principle f superpsitin in waves (mechanical and electrmagnetic) t distinguish between cnstructive and destructive interference. Phys Cmpare mechanical and electrmagnetic waves in terms f the fllwing: hw they are prduced, wave speed, type f material (medium) required, mtin f particles, patterns fr refractin related t medium, reflectin, interference, 31

32 the Dppler effect Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Cmpare characteristics f types f mechanical waves lngitudinal (cmpressinal), transverse and surface waves in terms f hw they are prduced and mtin f particles. Identify sund as a cmpressinal wave and visible light as an electrmagnetic wave. Essential Vcabulary: wave, wavelength, perid, frequency, amplitude, wave velcity, transmissin, reflectin, refractin, interference, mechanical wave, electrmagnetic wave, light, sund, medium, density, elasticity, Dppler Effect, pitch, transparent, index f refractin, critical angle, superpsitin principle, cnstructive interference, destructive interference, lngitudinal wave, transverse wave, cmpressin and rarefactin. Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurce s I can analyze hw energy is transmitted thrugh waves, using the fundamental characteristics f waves: wavelength, perid, frequency, amplitude, and wave velcity. I will analyze basic prperties f waves in pendulums, mass-spring system, rpes, tuning frks, large cil (Slinky ) springs, and ripple tanks cnnecting prir knwledge f wrk-energy therem and vibratry mtin t the transfer f energy thrugh a medium. Miscnceptin s Slinky is a registered trademark f Pf-Slinky, Inc. I will cnceptually, graphically and mathematically define and rganize the characteristics f wavelength, perid, frequency, amplitude and wave speed t these varied situatins t include Speed f Sund increases with increasing density whereas light decreases with increasing density. 32

33 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics an inverse relatinship between perid and frequency, the relatinship between wave speed, frequency and wavelength, v = f λ that amplitude is related t wave energy, that wave speed in a mechanical wave is determined by the medium (density and elasticity) and is independent f frequency r amplitude(energy) I can analyze wave behavirs in terms f transmissin, reflectin, refractin and interference. I will analyze the change in frequency due t mtin f a wave surce r receiver the Dppler effect; identify pitch as an interpretatin f the frequency f sund and clr as the perceptin f visible light frequency. I will analyze and explain transmissin, refractin, and reflectin f waves t cnclude the fllwing: Mechanical waves require a medium while electrmagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum; Critical Angle is nly pssible ging frm higher t lwer index. When waves encunter a new medium the energy may be absrbed by the mlecules f the material, transmitted changing 33

34 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics speed (refracted) r reflected frm the surface. Electrmagnetic waves travel at the speed f light, c, in air r a vacuum and slw dwn as they enter ther transparent materials accrding t the mathematical relatinships relating wave speed, v, index f refractin, n, and angle f light measured frm the nrmal: The angle that light strikes a bundary determines if it is transmitted int anther transparent material r reflected; The angle beynd which all light is reflected (ttal internal reflectin) is called the critical angle and can be fund frm the relatinship Light waves are reflected frm a smth surface accrding t the law f reflectin the angle f incidence is equal t the angle f reflectin. I will analyze interference and the principle f superpsitin in waves (mechanical and electrmagnetic) t distinguish between cnstructive and destructive interference. 34

35 2.2.3 I can cmpare and cntrast mechanical and electrmagnetic waves in terms f wave characteristics and behavir (specifically sund and light) Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will cmpare and cntrast mechanical and electrmagnetic waves in terms f the fllwing: hw they are prduced, wave speed, type f material (medium) required, mtin f particles, patterns fr refractin related t medium, reflectin, interference, the Dppler effect. I will cmpare and cntrast characteristics f types f mechanical waves lngitudinal (cmpressinal), transverse and surface waves in terms f hw they are prduced and mtin f particles. I will identify sund as a cmpressinal wave and visible light as an electrmagnetic wave. 35

36 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Standard: Phy.2.3 Analyze the nature f mving charges and electric circuits. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Phy Phy Phy Explain Ohm s law in relatin t electric circuits. Differentiate the behavir f mving charges in cnductrs and insulatrs. Cmpare the general characteristics f AC and DC systems withut calculatins. Analyze electric systems in terms f their energy and pwer. Analyze systems with multiple ptential differences and resistrs cnnected in series and parallel circuits, bth cnceptually and mathematically, in terms f vltage, current and resistance. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phys Recgnize that a difference in ptential (vltage) creates current within a cnductr; the amunt f current als depends n the resistance f the cnductr. Develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr current in a circuit - current is directly prprtinal t the vltage and inversely prprtinal t the resistance (Ohm s law), Given a schematic circuit diagram, determine current, vltage, r resistance frm tw knwn quantities. Phys Identify cnductrs as materials that have electrns that are free t mve thrughut the sample; Metals are gd cnductrs f electrical charge. Identify insulatrs as materials where electrns are held tightly t individual nuclei; Rubber and glass are examples f insulatrs that because f their prperties develp static charge readily thrugh frictin with ther materials. Explain classificatin as a cnductr r insulatr based n the ability f electric charge t mve thrugh the material. Phys Cmpare alternating and direct current systems based n the surce f electrical energy, transmissin ver distances, ease f use in varied electrical devices, etc. 36

37 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Phys Develp the cncept f pwer using dimensinal analysis (unit cancellatin) where electrical pwer can be calculated frm current, vltage and/r resistance measurements, Since pwer is defined as the rate f wrk dne r energy transferred, energy used by a device can be calculated by multiplying pwer and time, E e = Pt. Phys Analyze series circuits t distinguish the fllwing patterns fr current, vltage, and equivalent resistance: Current is the same thrughut the circuit, I t = I 1 = I 2 = I 3 = Vltage drp acrss each resistr is prprtinal t the resistance and additive fr the circuit, V t = V 1 + V 2 + V 3 + Equivalent resistance fr the circuit is the sum f resistances, R eq = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 + Analyze parallel circuits t distinguish the fllwing patterns fr current, vltage, and equivalent resistance: Current in parallel branches divides in an inverse prprtin t the resistance; the sum f the current thrugh each device equals the current supplied, I t = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 + Vltage drp acrss each branch is the same, V t = V 1 = V 2 = V 3 = Equivalent resistance fr the parallel branch is the inverse f the sum f the resistance reciprcals, (Equivalent resistance in a parallel arrangement is lwer than any ne resistance in the arrangement.) Cnclude that multiple ptential difference (vltage) surces are additive when arranged in series; current mving frm psitive t negative cnstitutes a negative ptential difference. (e.g. - Tw six vlt batteries in series cnnecting psitive t negative terminals have a cmbined ptential difference f twelve vlts; a six vlt battery in series cnnecting psitive t psitive terminals with a three vlt battery wuld establish a cmbined ptential difference f three vlts.) Netwrk circuits where a secnd emf is lcated in a branch shuld nt be included in the standard level curse. 37

38 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Analyze series-parallel cmbinatin circuits by determining equivalent resistance f prtins f the circuit until it can be reduced t a simple series r parallel circuit. Essential Vcabulary: Ohms, resistance, vltage, ptential difference, current, Amperes, cnductr, insulatr, parallel circuit, series circuit, schematic diagram, electrn, electrical charge, alternating current, direct current, equivalent resistance, emf, electrical pwer and vltage drp. Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncep tins I can explain Ohm s law in relatin t electric circuits. I will be able t recgnize that a difference in ptential (vltage) creates current within a cnductr; the amunt f current als depends n the resistance f the cnductr. I will be able t develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr current in a circuit - current is directly prprtinal t the vltage and inversely prprtinal t the resistance (Ohm s law), Given a schematic circuit diagram, I will be able t determine current, vltage, r resistance frm tw knwn quantities I can differentiate and explain the behavir f mving charges in cnductrs and insulatrs. I will be able t identify cnductrs as materials that have electrns that are free t mve thrughut the sample. (i.e. Metals are gd cnductrs f electrical charge.) I will be able t identify insulatrs as materials where electrns are held tightly t individual 38

39 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics nuclei; Rubber and glass are examples f insulatrs that, because f their prperties, develp static charge readily thrugh frictin with ther materials. I will be able t explain hw t classify a cnductr r insulatr based n the ability f electric charge t mve thrugh the material I can cmpare the general characteristics f AC and DC systems withut calculatins I can analyze electric systems in terms f their energy and pwer I will be able t cmpare alternating and direct current systems based n the surce f electrical energy, transmissin ver distances, ease f use in varied electrical devices, etc. I will be able t develp the cncept f pwer using dimensinal analysis (unit cancellatin) where electrical pwer can be calculated frm current, vltage and/r resistance measurements, OER # 3 Rubric Batteries are surces f electrical energy but nly ver shrt distances I will be able t explain and mathematically shw that since pwer is defined as the rate f wrk dne r energy transferred, energy used by a device can be calculated by multiplying pwer and time, E e = Pt I can analyze systems with multiple ptential differences and resistrs cnnected in series and parallel circuits, bth cnceptually and mathematically, in terms f vltage, current and resistance. Will be able t shw that I can analyze series circuits t distinguish the fllwing patterns fr current, vltage, and equivalent resistance: Current is the same thrughut the circuit, I t = I 1 = I 2 = I 3 = 39

40 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Vltage drp acrss each resistr is prprtinal t the resistance and additive fr the circuit, V t = V 1 + V 2 + V 3 + Equivalent resistance fr the circuit is the sum f resistances, R eq = R 1 + R 2 + R 3 + Will be able t shw that I can analyze parallel circuits t distinguish the fllwing patterns fr current, vltage, and equivalent resistance: Current in parallel branches divides in an inverse prprtin t the resistance; the sum f the current thrugh each device equals the current supplied, I t = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 + Vltage drp acrss each branch is the same, V t = V 1 = V 2 = V 3 = Equivalent resistance fr the parallel branch is the inverse f the sum f the resistance reciprcals, (Equivalent resistance in a parallel arrangement is lwer than any ne resistance in the arrangement.) I will demnstrate that I can cnclude that multiple ptential difference (vltage) surces are additive when arranged in series; current mving frm psitive t negative cnstitutes a negative ptential difference. (e.g. - Tw six vlt 40

41 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics batteries in series cnnecting psitive t negative terminals have a cmbined ptential difference f twelve vlts; a six vlt battery in series cnnecting psitive t psitive terminals with a three vlt battery wuld establish a cmbined ptential difference f three vlts.) Netwrk circuits where a secnd emf is lcated in a branch shuld nt be included in the standard level curse. I will shw that I can analyze series-parallel cmbinatin circuits by determining equivalent resistance f prtins f the circuit until it can be reduced t a simple series r parallel circuit. 41

42 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Interactins f Energy and Matter Essential Standard: Phy.3.1 Explain charges and electrstatic systems. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Phy Phy Phy Explain qualitatively the fundamental prperties f the interactins f charged bjects. Explain the gemetries and magnitudes f electric fields. Explain hw Culmb s law relates t the electrstatic interactins amng charged bjects. Explain the mechanisms fr prducing electrstatic charges including charging by frictin, cnductin, and inductin. Explain hw differences in electrstatic ptentials relate t the ptential energy f charged bjects. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phys Identify basic principles related t the nature f electrical charge like charges repel and ppsite charges attract; there are tw types f electric charge (psitive and negative); psitively charged bjects have an electrn deficiency while negatively charged bjects have an excess f electrns. Cnclude that charge is cnserved in a clsed system since charge is a result f fundamental prperties f particles, charge (like atms) cannt be created nr destryed. Phys Cnstruct diagrams t illustrate electric fields and explain its vectr nature: arund single psitive and negative charges, between a pair f like charges, between a pair f unlike charges, tw ppsitely charged parallel plates, a hllw sphere, an irregular shaped metal bject. Cmpare the strength f varius pints in an electric field where 42

43 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics E = fr the unifrm electric field between parallel plates. Distinguish between charge distributin n plates and a hllw cnducting sphere where n electric field exists inside. Phys Cnceptually and mathematically explain electrical attractin and repulsin using Culmb s law - the electrical frce is directly prprtinal t the prduct f tw charges and inversely prprtinal t the square f the distance between them, Determine the magnitude and directin f an electric frce between tw charges. Phys Explain situatins where bjects becme charged (by frictin, cnductin r inductin) in terms f the transfer r rearrangement f electrns: tw neutral bjects charged by frictin, a neutral bject becming psitively charged by inductin and cnductin, a neutral bject becming negatively charged by inductin and cnductin. Phys Cmpare wrk dne n an bject by lifting (changes in lcatin in a gravitatinal field) t wrk dne n a charged particle by pushing it against the electric field f a charged bject bth psitive and negative. Define electric ptential energy as the energy f a charge based n its lcatin and distinguish electric ptential (vltage) as being the same fr all charges. Cnclude that a gravitatinal field is always in ne directin while electric fields have tw pssible directins; by cnventin, the directin is determined by the directin f frce n a psitive test charge away frm (ut f) a psitive charge and tward (int) a negative charge. Essential Vcabulary: charge, electric field, Culmb s Law, electrstatic charge, cnductin, inductin, electrstatic ptential and hllw sphere Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncepti ns I can explain qualitatively the fundamental prperties f the interactins f charged bjects. I will be able t identify basic principles related t the nature f electrical charge like charges Charge is nt related t 43

44 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics repel and ppsite charges attract; there are tw types f electric charge (psitive and negative); psitively charged bjects have an electrn deficiency while negatively charged bjects have an excess f electrns. I will be able t shw and demnstrate that charge is cnserved in a clsed system since charge is a result f fundamental prperties f particles, charge (like atms) cannt be created nr destryed. mass, the prtn is much mre massive but same charge as electrn I can explain the gemetries and magnitudes f electric fields. I will be able t cnstruct diagrams t illustrate electric fields and explain its vectr nature: arund single psitive and negative charges, between a pair f like charges, between a pair f unlike charges, tw ppsitely charged parallel plates, a hllw sphere, an irregular shaped metal bject. I will be able t cmpare the strength f varius pints in an electric field where E = fr the unifrm electric field between parallel plates. Tires n a car d nt prtect yu, rather a hllw sphere 44

45 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will be able t distinguish between charge distributin n plates and a hllw cnducting sphere where n electric field exists inside I can explain hw Culmb s law relates t the electrstatic interactins amng charged bjects. I will be able t cnceptually and mathematically explain electrical attractin and repulsin using Culmb s law - the electrical frce is directly prprtinal t the prduct f tw charges and inversely prprtinal t the square f the distance between them, I will be able t determine the magnitude and directin f an electric frce between tw charges I can explain the mechanisms fr prducing electrstatic charges including charging by frictin, cnductin, and inductin. I will be able t explain and demnstrate situatins where bjects becme charged (by frictin, cnductin r inductin) in terms f the transfer r rearrangement f electrns: tw neutral bjects charged by frictin, a neutral bject becming psitively charged by inductin and cnductin, 45

46 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics a neutral bject becming negatively charged by inductin and cnductin I can explain hw differences in electrstatic ptentials relate t the ptential energy f charged bjects. I will be able t cmpare wrk dne n an bject by lifting (changes in lcatin in a gravitatinal field) t wrk dne n a charged particle by pushing it against the electric field f a charged bject bth psitive and negative. I will be able t define electric ptential energy as the energy f a charge based n its lcatin and distinguish electric ptential (vltage) as being the same fr all charges. I will be able t explain and demnstrate that a gravitatinal field is always in ne directin while electric fields have tw pssible directins; by cnventin, the directin is determined by the directin f frce n a psitive test charge away frm (ut f) a psitive charge and tward (int) a negative charge. 46

47 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Essential Standard: Phy.3.2 Explain the cncept f magnetism. Clarifying Objectives: Phy Phy Phy Explain the relatinship between magnetic dmains and magnetism. Explain hw electric currents prduce varius magnetic fields. Explain hw transfrmers and pwer distributins are applicatins f electrmagnetism. Unpacking: What des this standard mean that a student will knw and be able t d? Phys Define magnetic dmains and cmpare alignment f dmains in a piece f magnetic and nnmagnetic material. Interpret magnetic field lines in space surrunding bar magnets. Summarize the attractins f unlike ples and the repulsin f like ples. Develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr magnetism relating electrn-spin (charge in mtin) f ferrmagnetic elements t rientatin and alignment f dmains. Phys Cnstruct a mdel shwing magnetic fields prduced arund a current-carrying wire and wire cil (slenid). Cmpare the strength f an electrmagnet with varied number f cils, vltage, and/r cre material. Develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr electrmagnetism relating current (mvement f charge) t the prductin f a magnetic field. Phys Explain the prcess f electrmagnetic inductin as described by Faraday s law - the induced vltage in a cil is prprtinal t the prduct f the number f lps and the rate at which the magnetic field changes within the lps. (N mathematical calculatins.) Summarize the prductin f alternating current using a generatr (rtating wire lp in a magnetic field) and explain the energy transfrmatin mechanical energy cnverted t electrical energy. 47

48 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics Explain the use f transfrmers t alter the vltage/current; recgnize that the law f cnservatin f energy requires that an increase in ne quantity is accmpanied by a decrease in the ther s that the prduct f current and vltage (pwer) is ideally cnstant, Explain why transfrmers are nt 100% efficient. Essential Vcabulary: Magnetic dmain, magnetism, magnetic field line, transfrmer, pwer distributin, magnetic material, nnmagnetic material, ple, cil, Faraday s Law, generatr and ferrmagnetic elements Learning Targets: I Can Criteria Fr Success: I Will Resurces Miscncepti ns I can explain the relatinship between magnetic dmains and magnetism. I will be able t define magnetic dmains and cmpare alignment f dmains in a piece f magnetic and nnmagnetic material. I will be able t interpret magnetic field lines in space surrunding bar magnets. I will be able t explain and demnstrate the attractins f unlike ples and the repulsin f like ples. I will be able t develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr magnetism relating electrn-spin (charge in mtin) f ferrmagnetic elements t rientatin and alignment f dmains I can explain hw electric currents prduce varius magnetic fields. I will be able t cnstruct a mdel shwing magnetic fields prduced arund a current-carrying wire and wire cil (slenid). 48

49 2015 Iredell-Statesville Schls Physics I will be able t cmpare the strength f an electrmagnet with varied number f cils, vltage, and/r cre material. I will be able t develp a cause-and-effect mdel fr electrmagnetism relating current (mvement f charge) t the prductin f a magnetic field I can explain hw transfrmers and pwer distributins are applicatins f electrmagnetism. I will be able t explain the prcess f electrmagnetic inductin as described by Faraday s law - the induced vltage in a cil is prprtinal t the prduct f the number f lps and the rate at which the magnetic field changes within the lps. (N mathematical calculatins.) I will be able t summarize the prductin f alternating current using a generatr (rtating wire lp in a magnetic field) and explain the energy transfrmatin mechanical energy cnverted t electrical energy. I will be able t explain the use f transfrmers t alter the vltage/current; recgnize that the law f cnservatin f energy requires that an increase in ne quantity is accmpanied by a decrease in the ther s that the prduct f current and vltage (pwer) is ideally cnstant, 49