UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Cooperative Extension Riverside County

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1 UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Coopertive Extension Riverside County Agriculture & Nturl Resources 290 N. Brodwy, Blythe, CA Telephone (760) ; Fx (760) emil: In this October issue of the Postings from the Plo Verde I cover severl topics. Ditch-bnk Weed Mngement Using Select Herbicides - Vonny Brlow, Entomology Advisor, UCCE Riverside County, Mrco Pen, Reserch Specilist, University of Arizon, Brry Tickes, Extension Agent, University of Arizon Effect of Selected Insecticides for Whitefly, Bemisi tbci nd Lepidopter Mngement on Lefy Greens - Vonny Brlow, Entomology Advisor, UCCE Riverside County Wht to look for in n lflf vriety Conventionl nd Roundup Redy - Dn Putnm, Forge Specilist, UC Dvis-Plnt Sciences, Crig Ginnini, Stff Reserch Associte, UC Dvis-Plnt Sciences, Chris DeBen, Stff Reserch Associte, UC Dvis- Plnt Sciences, Steve Orloff, UCCE Siskiyou County Regrds: Vonny M. Brlow, Ph.D. Serving Riverside County Residents Since 1917 University of Cliforni, County of Riverside nd U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture Cooperting

2 Ditch-bnk Weed Mngement Using Select Herbicides Vonny Brlow, Entomology Advisor, UCCE Riverside County Mrco Pen, Reserch Specilist, University of Arizon Brry Tickes, Extension Agent, University of Arizon Introduction Irrigtion cnls re n integrl prt of irrigting fields cross the Plo Verde Vlley. Mintennce of irrigtion cnls not only includes physicl mintennce but controlling invsive weeds in nd round irrigtion cnls. Mintining blnce in the cnls while sustining crop success nd minimizing mintennce costs cn be chllenge. For exmple, over the long-term, the inefficiency of clogged irrigtion cnl cn result in diminished wter delivery by reducing the cross-sectionl re of the chnnel reducing the velocity of wter flow. As result, vegettion in wterwys nd longside irrigtion cnls my drmticlly increse mintennce compred to clen ditches tht llow free-flow of wter. Locl infesttions of Telegrph weed, Heterothec grndiflor (Sunflower: Astercee) ws determined to be difficult to mnge with stndrd pplictions of glyphoste herbicide long ditch bnks. Telegrph weed is tll, erect nnul to short-lived perennil growing to 6' high with severl stout, hiry stems simple below nd brnching bove. The inflorescence is thickly glndulr-pubescent with lternte leves, villous-sticky, ovte to oblnceolte, nd somewht serrte-mrgined. The lower leves hve petioles nd er-like bsl lobes which clsp the stem, nd the leves become less hiry nd more glndulr higher on the stem, nd the upper leves re sessile. Telegrph weed Serving Riverside County Residents Since 1917 University of Cliforni, County of Riverside nd U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture Cooperting

3 grows in mny plnt hbitts nd communities in sndy soils, disturbed res nd dry costl vlleys in chprrl, sge scrub nd ok woodlnd, below 3000', nd blooming throughout most of the yer. Mterils & Methods Reserch plots were estblished on 8/26/2011 for evlution of select herbicides (+ nonionic surfctnt (NIS) pplied t 0.25 % v/v) for mngement of Telegrph weed; Glyphoste + AMS + NIS, Hbitt (imzpyr) + NIS, Milestone (minopyrlid) + NIS, Scythe (pelrgonic cid), nd Triclopyr + NIS ginst un-treted controls. Experimentl plots were estblished into ditch bnk with resident infesttion of Telegrph weed. Tretments in ech of the weed plots were rndomly ssigned nd blocked by repliction (RCBD) with 3 replictions used. Individul tretment plots consisted of 15 ft. x 6 ft. ( 0.002A). Tretments were pplied with CO2 pressurized bck-pck spryer s 6 wide bnd directly over the clusters of Telegrph weed with bck-pck spryer fitted with TeeJet 8002 flt fn nozzles delivering 20 gl. H 2 O/A/tretment. Plots were visully inspected to determine effectiveness of herbicides on Sept. 15. Results & Discussion Understnding how different herbicides work helps when ssessing herbicide performnce. It is importnt to remember tht the rte t which plnts die fter the ppliction of herbicide depends on the product nd rte pplied s well s the wether conditions following ppliction. Some exmples re; prqut/diqut which shows initil Serving Riverside County Residents Since 1917 University of Cliforni, County of Riverside nd U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture Cooperting

4 effects within hours in bright sunlight, sulfonylures re slower cting nd it my be up to 6 weeks fter ppliction before finl ssessments of their effectiveness cn be mde. The products tested here included severl modes of ctions for comprison; Contct herbicide Scythe, Protein synthesis inhibitor Glyphoste, Auxinic growth regultor Hbitt, Triclopyr. All products tested demonstrted initil suppression of growth but filed to mintin effective suppression over the long term nd never exceeded the commercilly cceptble level of control of 70% (Tble 1). Resons for filure of control using the select herbicides tested here re unknown. A relted weed, Mre's til (Horseweed), Conyz cndensis (Sunflower: Astercee) hs similr sticky glndulr-pubescent surfce nd hs lso proven chllenge to effectively mnge long ditch bnks. Understnding the physicl properties of plnt nd its influence on herbicide performnce remins n re tht needs further study. Additionl work evluting herbicides for effective mngement of ditch bnk weeds like Telegrph weed needs to be continued. Tble 1. Evlution of select herbicides for mngement of Heterothec grndiflor, telegrph weed. Visul estimtes of percent (%) control or reduction in plnt regrowth. Repliction Men Product Glyphoste Hbitt Milestone Scythe Triclopyr Untreted Serving Riverside County Residents Since 1917 University of Cliforni, County of Riverside nd U.S. Deprtment of Agriculture Cooperting

5 Effect of Selected Insecticides for Whitefly, Bemisi tbci nd Lepidopter Mngement on Lefy Greens Vonny Brlow University of Cliforni, Agriculturl nd Nturl Resources Blythe, CA Abstrct The projects completed this pst summer sought to evlute the efficcy of DuPont Corgen s 2 bnd over the top t plnting, Byer CropScience Movento, Dow AgroSciences Rdint SC, Byer CropScience Synpse WG, nd DuPont Avunt insecticides ginst the industry stndrd use of DuPont Corgen for the mngement of the top pests of Southern Cliforni lettuce(s); the silverlef whitefly, Bemisi rgentifolii Bellows & Perring (Hemipter: Aleyrodide) nd Lepidopter complex of rmyworms, cbbge loopers nd imported cbbgeworms (Lepidopter). Evlution of Corgen used s n environmentl low risk ppliction vi soil ppliction during plnting mkes it idel s prt of n IPM system for mnging insects like the silverlef whitefly in dmge sensitive crops like lefy greens. The lck of differences in tretments nd the untreted controls reflects the impct tht light insect pressure hs during the trnsition from the hottest prt of the yer to the coolest in the Plo Verde Vlley. Adult silverlef whiteflies popultions seemed to plteu between 11/10-11/18 nd were found only in low numbers cross ll tretments including the un-treted control. Relisticlly it is difficult to stte tht the tretments were unsuccessful since pest pressure ws reltively light for evlution of select insecticide formultions. The objective: Assess the efficcy of insecticide use for whitefly nd Lepidopter mngement on lefy green lettuce, ssess the comptibility of Corgen s protectnt when incorported 2 t plnting nd/or s 2 bnd ppliction t plnting. Evlution of Corgen s environmentl low risk ppliction vi soil ppliction during plnting mkes it idel s prt of n IPM system for mnging insects like the silverlef whitelfy in dmge sensitive crops like lefy greens. Mterils & Methods Reserch plots were estblished on University of Cliforni controlled lnd for evlution of select insecticides for mngement of silverlef whitefly (Corgen, Movento ) nd lepidopter lrve (Avunt, Synpse, Rdint ) (Fig. 1) ginst un-treted controls. Experimentl plots were estblished into direct seeded double row beds of seprtely plnted hed (Iceberg) lettuce cv. Experimentl 1221 nd erly green (lef) Romin cv. Del Sol. Rised beds were 3.33 ft (40 ) on center nd 300 ft. long with individul tretment rows bordered by untreted rows to minimize spry interctions between tretments (Fig. 2). Tretments in ech of the lettuce vrieties used were rndomly ssigned nd blocked by repliction (RCBD) with 4 replictions used. Individul tretment plots consisted of 13.1 ft. x 3.33 ft. ( A). Corgen tretments were either pplied s 2 in. bnded tretment over the top of the seed line or s sub-surfce soil injection (SSI). The SSI Corgen tretment ws trctor-pplied prior to plnting with totl H 2 O volume of 1 gl./300 ft. of rised bed with 1 min. 18 sec. ppliction time/row. The surfce bnded (SB) tretment ws pplied s 2 in. wide bnd directly over the seed line immeditely fter seed plcement with bck-pck spryer

6 fitted with cone nozzle delivering gl. H 2 O/52.4 ft./lettuce vriety. Folir pplictions were mde with CO 2 pressurized bck-pck spryer using 3-nozzel hnd-held spry boom fitted with TXVS-8 ConeJet nozzles. Folir pplictions were mde 7 d for totl of 8 pplictions on Oct. 18, 25, Nov. 2, 8, 15, 24, 29, Dec. 6. End of seson dmge ssessments to determine tretment efficcy ws mde on Dec. 21. All mrketble lettuce heds were hrvested in ech of the 13.1 ft. plots nd processed seprtely. Lettuce heds were smpled destructively to detect lrvl tunnels nd live worms. Dt ws trnsformed (log + 0.5) prior to nlyzing using 1-wy nlysis of vrince (ANOVA) followed by mens seprtion test (P<0.05). Results & Discussion Whitefly pressure ws high in djcent fields prior to the strt of these lettuce efficcy trils nd then dropped with the onset of cooler tempertures. Cooler effectively suppressed whitefly popultions for the durtion of these experiments (Figs. 3 & 4). Whitefly popultions remined low nd never exceeded n un-treted control men of (± SD) of 0.28 ± 0.06 whiteflies. As result, tretment yields were reltively unffected in the green (lef) Romin cv. Del Sol trils with mrketble yields not significntly different (P = 0.062) mong tretments including the un-treted controls (Fig. 3). End-of-seson yield nd weight ssessments showed no significnt difference similrly mong tretments (P = 0.25 nd P = 0.15 respectively) (Fig. 5). Lepidopter counts essentilly equled 0.0 over the course of the seson but lepidopteron dmged green lef heds were detected t the end-of-seson ssessments (Fig. 6). Yields nd weights of lepidopteron dmged green lef heds were not found significntly different mong tretments including the un-treted controls (P = 0.50 nd P = 0.58 respectively) (Fig.6). Plots of hed (Iceberg) lettuce cv hd fewer whiteflies with the un-treted control men of 0.08 ± 0.02 when compred to plots of green (lef) Romin cv. Del Sol (Fig. 4). Whitefly counts over the course of the growing seson were not significntly different mong tretments nd the un-treted controls (P = 0.95) (Tble 1). This is reflected similrly in the lck of significnt differences in mrketble yields nd weights mong the tretments nd the un-treted controls (P = 0.25 nd P = 0.15) (Fig. 7). Yields nd weights of lepidopteron dmged hed (Iceberg) heds were not found significntly different mong tretments including the un-treted controls (P = 0.50 nd P = 0.56 respectively) (Fig.6). Plnt tissue nlysis ws done to determine potentil tretment effects on nitrogen (N) nd potssium (K) content. However, the lbortory compiled the smples bsed on tretment nd the bility to nlyze the dt vrition mong replictions in tretment ws lost. I hve ttched the nlysis reports s n ppendix to this document to be used s ncillry dt. Summry The lck of differences in tretments nd the untreted controls reflects the impct tht light insect pressure hs during the trnsition from the hottest prt of the yer to the coolest in the Plo Verde Vlley. Adult silverlef whiteflies popultions seemed to plteu between 11/10-11/18 nd were found only in low numbers cross ll tretments including the un-treted control. Relisticlly it is difficult to stte tht the tretments were unsuccessful since pest pressure ws reltively light for evlution of select insecticide formultions.

7 Fig. 1. Aeril mp of 6 th Ave. University of Cliforni reserch plot. Fig. 2. Plot mps of treted lettuce plots compred to un-treted controls with plot size of 39.3 ft3 (13.1 liner feet x 3 ft./on center) in 2010.

8 2.50 Fll lettuce whitefly chemicl efficcy tril on green ('Del Sol') Romin lettuce in the Plo Verde vlley Men no. whitefly dults/lef Untreted Corgen (5 fl. Oz/A) Corgen 2 bnd over the top (5 fl. Oz./A) Movento (5 fl. Oz./A) Rdint SC (5 fl. Oz./A) Synpse (3 Oz./A) Avunt (3.5 fl. Oz./A ) Smple dte Fig. 3. Men cumultive weekly whitefly counts on treted Romin lettuce plots compred to un-treted control in 2010 Men no. whitefly dults/lef Fll lettuce whitefly chemicl efficcy tril on hed ('1221') lettuce in the Plo Verde vlley Untreted Corgen (5 fl. Oz/A) Corgen 2 bnd over the top (5 fl. Oz./A) Movento (5 fl. Oz./A) Rdint SC (5 fl. Oz./A) Synpse (3 Oz./A) Smple dte Fig 4. Men cumultive weekly whitefly counts on treted Iceberg lettuce plots compred to untreted control in 2010

9 Fll Hed (cv. '1221') Lettuce Eend-of-seson Yield nd Weights for Individul Tretments Count Weight (Kg) Tretments Fig. 5. End-of-seson hed lettuce yield dt showing tretment yields nd weights (Kg) evluted in the Plo Verde Vlley Fll Hed (cv. '1221') Lettuce End-of-seson Lepidopter Dmge Yield nd Weights for Individul Tretments Count Weight (Kg) Tretments Fig. 6. End-of-seson hed lettuce yield dt showing lepidopteron dmged heds nd weights (Kg) by tretment evluted in the Plo Verde Vlley

10 35 Erly (cv. 'Del Sol') Lettuce End-of-seson Yield nd Weights for Individul Tretments Count Weight (Kg) Tretments Fig. 7. End of seson erly lettuce yield dt showing tretment yields nd weights (Kg) evluted in the Plo Verde Vlley 3 3 Erly (cv. 'Del Sol') Lettuce End-of-seson Lepidopter Dmge Yield nd Weights for Individul Tretments Count Weight (Kg) Tretments Fig. 8. End-of-seson erly lettuce yield dt showing lepidopteron dmged heds nd weights (Kg) by tretment evluted in the Plo Verde Vlley

11 Tble 1. Whitefly insect counts, lettuce(s) yield, weights, lepidopteron dmged lettuce yields nd weights. Blythe CA Men whitefly counts ± SE Men yields (counts) nd weights (Kg) ± SE Cultivr n # Whitefly n # Totl yield Totl weight # Lepidopter dmged Lepidopter Dmged weight Del Sol 1 Untreted control ± ± ± ± ± Corgen (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Corgen 2 (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Movento (5 fl. Oz./) ± ± ± ± ± Rdint SC (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Synpse (3 Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Avunt (3.5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± 0.17 Experimentl Untreted control ± ± ± ± ± Corgen (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Corgen 2 (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Movento (5 fl. Oz./) ± ± ± ± ± Rdint SC (5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Synpse (3 Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± Avunt (3.5 fl. Oz./A) ± ± ± ± ± 0.17

12 Appendix Pictures of erly (cv. Del sol ) lettuce in experimentl plots just prior to field evlution hrvest Pictures of hed (cv ) lettuce in experimentl plots just prior to field evlution hrvest Specil Acknowledgments to Compton Ag Services nd Wilbur Ellis for providing mteril support, Mr. Joseph VnDyke for mteril nd physicl support. Additionl mteril nd finncil support cme from DuPont nd Byer Crop Science, This work ws prtilly funded by the Cliforni Lefy Greens Reserch Bord.

13 UC Dvis Alflf/Forge Field Dy My 11, 2011 WHAT TO LOOK FOR IN AN ALFALFA VARIETY Conventionl nd Roundup Redy Dn Putnm, Crig Ginnini, Chris DeBen, Steve Orloff See: for current vriety informtion Although there hs been much tlk bout Roundup Redy Alflf (RRA) vrieties, the principles for choosing RR vriety re not tht much different thn choosing conventionl vriety. The sme things count: yield, pest resistnce, persistence, forge qulity, nd price. In the cse of RRA, there re weed control nd mrketing considertions in ddition to these fctors. The choice of vriety cn mke lrge long-term difference in profitbility. Spending few minutes to crefully consider choice of vriety my be beneficil, since 1) cultivrs cn hve lrge impct upon yield nd qulity, 2) Vrieties cn help cope with diseses or insects, nd 3) Growers re stuck with their choice for mny yers. UC Vriety Testing Progrm The University of Cliforni provides n independent source of vriety informtion tht cn be used to judge performnce of lflf vrieties. We hve plots from Tulelke nd Scott Vlley (Intermountin), to Dvis nd Kerney, nd West Side Field ALMOST LIKE GETTING MARRIED!! You ll hve to live with your decision for long time-so tke little time to investigte the potentil performnce of your lflf vrieties. Sttion (Centrl Vlley), Lncster nd El Centro (Desert). It tkes less thn 1 tenths of 1 ton to justify even $2 increse in the price of seed, nd some vrieties cn produce yield dvntges 10 times this mount. Choosing lflf vrieties crefully only tkes short time nd is worth it! Yields re importnt, but re not the only criteri for vriety selection. Tke look t the fll dormncy, the disese resistnce, nd the qulity chrcteristics, too, s well s biotech trits. Reserch is continully underwy to improve the performnce of lflf vrieties. 1

14 Step 1) YIELD - Choose group of high yielding certified vrieties in the proper Fll Dormncy Rting from relevnt trils. TABLE YIELDS. UC DAVIS ALFALFA CULTIVAR TRIAL. TRIAL PLANTED 9/25/ Yield 2010 Yield Averge % of CUF 101 FD Dry t/ % Relesed Vrieties HybriForce ( 2) 10.5 ( 1) 11.7 ( 1) A Mgn 801 FQ ( 1) 9.8 ( 13) 11.4 ( 2) A B PGI ( 5) 10.1 ( 8) 11.3 ( 4) A B C WL 530HQ ( 3) 9.8 ( 15) 11.2 ( 5) A B C D HybriForce ( 7) 10.0 ( 9) 11.2 ( 6) A B C D E R51 RR ( 16) 10.3 ( 3) 11.2 ( 8) A B C D E Conquistdor ( 19) 10.2 ( 4) 11.1 ( 9) A B C D E F Integr ( 20) 10.2 ( 5) 11.1 ( 10) A B C D E F Arrib II ( 9) 9.4 ( 22) 10.9 ( 13) A B C D E F G H I S ( 11) 9.3 ( 25) 10.8 ( 15) B C D E F G H I Pcifico ( 18) 9.3 ( 23) 10.7 ( 17) B C D E F G H I J GrndSlm ( 26) 10.1 ( 6) 10.7 ( 19) B C D E F G H I J HybriForce ( 31) 10.1 ( 7) 10.6 ( 20) B C D E F G H I J Mgn ( 22) 9.7 ( 18) 10.6 ( 22) B C D E F G H I J R ( 10) 8.8 ( 38) 10.6 ( 24) B C D E F G H I J Integr ( 29) 9.8 ( 14) 10.5 ( 25) C D E F G H I J K PGI ( 13) 8.9 ( 37) 10.5 ( 26) C D E F G H I J K Tngo ( 23) 9.5 ( 19) 10.5 ( 27) C D E F G H I J K Archer III ( 21) 9.0 ( 32) 10.3 ( 29) E F G H I J K L Artesin Sunrise ( 27) 9.3 ( 24) 10.3 ( 30) F G H I J K L Mgn ( 24) 9.3 ( 27) 10.3 ( 31) F G H I J K L Sutter ( 35) 9.2 ( 28) 10.1 ( 34) I J K L M N Integr 8801R ( 33) 9.0 ( 34) 10.0 ( 35) I J K L M N O Dur ( 36) 8.9 ( 35) 9.8 ( 36) J K L M N O P Cisco ( 37) 8.9 ( 36) 9.6 ( 37) K L M N O P Q TruTest ( 41) 9.0 ( 31) 9.5 ( 38) L M N O P Q Lightning IV ( 38) 8.7 ( 40) 9.5 ( 39) L M N O P Q DKA ( 39) 8.4 ( 42) 9.3 ( 40) M N O P Q R WL 440HQ ( 43) 8.7 ( 41) 9.2 ( 41) N O P Q R Cuf ( 44) 8.8 ( 39) 9.2 ( 42) O P Q R R ( 40) 8.0 ( 43) 9.1 ( 43) P Q R 99.4 Integr 8401R ( 42) 7.8 ( 45) 8.8 ( 44) Q R R ( 45) 7.9 ( 44) 8.6 ( 45) R 93.4 Experimentl Vrieties DS ( 4) 10.0 ( 10) 11.3 ( 3) A B C SW ( 6) 9.9 ( 11) 11.2 ( 7) A B C D E FG 83T ( 8) 9.8 ( 16) 11.1 ( 11) A B C D E F G SW ( 12) 9.8 ( 17) 11.0 ( 12) A B C D E F G H DS ( 17) 9.5 ( 20) 10.8 ( 14) B C D E F G H I DS ( 14) 9.3 ( 26) 10.7 ( 16) B C D E F G H I J DS ( 34) 10.4 ( 2) 10.7 ( 18) B C D E F G H I J SW ( 15) 9.0 ( 33) 10.6 ( 21) B C D E F G H I J CW ( 30) 9.9 ( 12) 10.6 ( 23) B C D E F G H I J SW ( 25) 9.4 ( 21) 10.4 ( 28) D E F G H I J K L CW ( 28) 9.1 ( 30) 10.2 ( 32) G H I J K L M CW ( 32) 9.1 ( 29) 10.1 ( 33) H I J K L M N MEAN CV LSD (0.1) Tril seeded t 25 lb/cre vible seed on Yolo cly lom soil t the Univ. of Cliforni Agronomy Frm, Dvis, CA. Entries follow ed by the sme letter re not significntly different t the 10% probbility level ccording to Fishers (protected) LS FD = Fll Dormncy reported by seed compnies. 2

15 TABLE Yields, UC Dvis Alflf Cultivr Tril (Tril plnted Sept. 28, 2005) 2006 Yield 2007 Yield 2008 Yield Averge % of CUF101 FD Dry t/ % Relesed Vrieties Wildcrd ( 1) 13.8 ( 2) 9.0 ( 6) 11.9 ( 1) A Mgn ( 11) 14.0 ( 1) 9.4 ( 2) 11.8 ( 2) A B Sltn(SW9332) ( 4) 13.5 ( 4) 8.8 ( 10) 11.6 ( 4) A B C WL535HQ ( 27) 13.5 ( 3) 9.4 ( 1) 11.5 ( 5) A B C D WL530HQ ( 12) 13.1 ( 10) 8.7 ( 12) 11.3 ( 11) A B C D E F G Conquistdor ( 3) 13.0 ( 11) 8.4 ( 25) 11.3 ( 12) A B C D E F G Yosemite ( 10) 13.2 ( 9) 8.4 ( 24) 11.3 ( 14) A B C D E F G H Artisin Sunrise ( 6) 12.7 ( 18) 8.6 ( 18) 11.2 ( 16) A B C D E F G H I CUF ( 24) 12.9 ( 15) 8.6 ( 16) 11.1 ( 18) A B C D E F G H I J HybriForce ( 9) 12.6 ( 20) 8.4 ( 23) 11.1 ( 19) A B C D E F G H I J S ( 17) 12.5 ( 22) 8.5 ( 19) 11.0 ( 22) C D E F G H I J K 99.0 DKA84-10RR ( 18) 12.7 ( 17) 8.0 ( 34) 10.9 ( 24) C D E F G H I J K L Q ( 25) 12.4 ( 23) 8.3 ( 29) 10.8 ( 25) C D E F G H I J K L M 97.3 Dur ( 26) 12.1 ( 28) 8.3 ( 28) 10.7 ( 27) E F G H I J K L M N O 96.4 DKA ( 33) 11.6 ( 36) 8.5 ( 21) 10.4 ( 31) I J K L M N O P Q 93.9 Ow yhee ( 34) 11.7 ( 34) 8.3 ( 26) 10.4 ( 32) I J K L M N O P Q R 93.7 Mountineer ( 35) 11.7 ( 35) 8.3 ( 31) 10.4 ( 34) J K L M N O P Q R S 93.2 Sutter ( 32) 11.5 ( 38) 7.6 ( 40) 10.1 ( 36) L M N O P Q R S T 91.2 DKA41-18RR ( 37) 11.8 ( 31) 7.9 ( 35) 10.1 ( 37) M N O P Q R S T 90.9 WL357HQ ( 40) 11.5 ( 39) 7.8 ( 37) 9.9 ( 38) N O P Q R S T 89.4 Lhnton ( 39) 11.6 ( 37) 7.5 ( 43) 9.9 ( 39) O P Q R S T 89.3 DKA ( 43) 10.9 ( 40) 7.9 ( 36) 9.7 ( 41) Q R S T 87.6 Dur ( 42) 10.9 ( 41) 7.4 ( 44) 9.6 ( 42) R S T 86.5 DKA ( 41) 10.7 ( 43) 7.6 ( 41) 9.6 ( 43) S T 86.2 CW ( 44) 10.5 ( 44) 7.6 ( 42) 9.5 ( 44) T 85.1 DKA34-17RR ( 45) 10.4 ( 45) 7.8 ( 38) 9.4 ( 45) T 84.9 Experimentl Vrieties DS588-Hyb ( 2) 13.0 ( 13) 9.2 ( 3) 11.6 ( 3) A B C DS583-Hyb ( 15) 13.4 ( 7) 9.0 ( 7) 11.5 ( 6) A B C D E DS589-Hyb+Optimize ( 7) 13.4 ( 5) 8.8 ( 9) 11.5 ( 7) A B C D E DS566-Hyb ( 13) 13.0 ( 12) 9.0 ( 5) 11.4 ( 8) A B C D E F DS584-Hyb ( 16) 12.9 ( 14) 9.1 ( 4) 11.4 ( 9) A B C D E F SW ( 19) 13.2 ( 8) 8.7 ( 11) 11.3 ( 10) A B C D E F CW ( 5) 12.6 ( 21) 9.0 ( 8) 11.3 ( 13) A B C D E F G DS566-Hyb+Optimize ( 8) 12.7 ( 19) 8.6 ( 15) 11.2 ( 15) A B C D E F G H I DS589-Hyb ( 20) 13.4 ( 6) 8.1 ( 33) 11.1 ( 17) A B C D E F G H I J SW ( 14) 12.3 ( 26) 8.6 ( 17) 11.1 ( 20) B C D E F G H I J K 99.4 CW17075+Optimize ( 22) 12.7 ( 16) 8.5 ( 20) 11.0 ( 21) B C D E F G H I J K 99.3 DS587-Hyb ( 21) 12.3 ( 25) 8.7 ( 14) 11.0 ( 23) C D E F G H I J K 98.8 CW ( 28) 12.0 ( 30) 8.7 ( 13) 10.7 ( 26) D E F G H I J K L M N 96.6 CW ( 30) 12.1 ( 27) 8.5 ( 22) 10.7 ( 28) F G H I J K L M N O P 95.8 SW ( 29) 11.8 ( 32) 8.3 ( 30) 10.5 ( 29) G H I J K L M N O P Q 94.6 SW ( 31) 12.4 ( 24) 7.8 ( 39) 10.5 ( 30) H I J K L M N O P Q 94.4 CW94008+Optimize ( 36) 12.1 ( 29) 8.3 ( 27) 10.4 ( 33) I J K L M N O P Q R 93.7 CW ( 23) 11.8 ( 33) 7.2 ( 45) 10.3 ( 35) K L M N O P Q R S 92.5 CW ( 38) 10.8 ( 42) 8.2 ( 32) 9.9 ( 40) P Q R S T 88.7 MEAN CV LSD (0.1) NS 0.81 Tril seeded t 25 lb/cre vible seedon Yolo cly lom soil t the Univ. of Cliforni Agronomy Frm, Dvis, CA. Entries follow ed by the sme letter re not significntly different t the 10% probbility level ccording to Fisher's (protected) LSD. FD = Fll Dormncy reported by seed compnies. 3

16 Step 2) FALL DORMANCY & PEST RESISTANCE - Mke sure you hve the right Fll Dormncy Level nd high level of Pest Resistnce Fll Dormncy should be in the rnge dpted to your re. Vrietl Pest Resistnce is often the only wy to combt specific diseses or insect pests. Recommendtions Scrmento/Sn Joquin Vlley: Fll Dormncy: 4-8 Rting Spotted Alflf Aphid (SAA): R Pe Aphid (PA) HR Blue Alflf Aphid (BAA): HR Pythopthor Root Rot (PRR). HR Bcteril Wilt (BW): MR Fusrium Wilt (FW): HR Stem Nemtode: HR Root Not Nemtode: HR Verticilium Wilt (VW) R Choose the best pckge for your region, remember: 1. Resistnce is not bsolute (% of plnts in popultion) 2. Even highly resistnt vrieties cn be overwhelmed by severe pest infesttion. 3. Pest Resistnce is often the only economic mesure ginst some pest problems. 4. Think of Pest Resistnce s you do uto insurnce not importnt every yer, but cn be very importnt 1 Resistnce Abbrevitions Percent resistnce HR Highly Resistnt >51% R Resistnt 31-50% MR Modertely Resistnt 15-30% LR Low Resistnt 6-14% S Susceptible <5% 4

17 Step 3) CONSIDER BIOTECH TRAITS Is Roundup- Redy lflf right for you? The key Items to consider: YOUR CURRENT WEED PRESSURE & CONTROL STRATEGY SUCCESS You re buying technology, not just seed. If you hve hd considerble problems controlling weeds in your current system, RRA my be something to consider s n option. If you hve hd good success with current methods, then it my be primrily question of reltive cost vs. benefits. A Roundup system hs the dvntges of brod spectrum control, flexibility of ppliction, nd lck of crop injury. However, Roundup does not hve residul weed mngement effects. RRA hs proved to be useful tool, but it is not pnce nd it s not for every sitution. COST The roundup redy lflf technology costs more for the seed, but glyphoste generlly cost less to pply thn other herbicides, depending upon how much it s used nd wht it s compred with. Shrpen your pencils, nd crefully compre current costs of your herbicide progrm with glyphoste progrm + the cost of the seed. Be sure to include rottion of herbicides during the life of the stnd for controlling weed shifts or weed resistnce to glyphoste. SEEDING RATES AND COSTS Although the RRA seed is more expensive, it hs been shown tht reduction in seeding rtes re highly fesible with lflf, producing the sme results s high seeding rtes. A recent ntionl study cross mny sttes hs shown lowering seeding rtes cross wide rnge of environments does not reduce yields. There is no reson to pply lbs of seed per cre, when lbs/cre re highly sufficient with most seeding methods. More importntly: improve soil preprtion methods, seed plcement (depth), nd seed distribution methods. YIELD LEVELS Roundup Redy Alflf ws developed s n improved weed control method using biotechnology-it ws not intended to increse the intrinsic yield potentil of the vrieties. In our trils RRA vrieties hve generlly yielded in the sme rnge of existing improved vrieties within their Fll Dormncy rnge. There my be some yield dvntges of RRA vs. conventionl weed control methods due to lck of crop injury for the RRA system which provides (in our trils) some yield dvntge during the first yer of production due to lck of crop injury. ROUNDUP-RESISTANT WEEDS As with the frequent use of ny herbicide, it is importnt to prevent resistnce from developing in weed popultion. This hs been seen with continul ppliction of Roundup in orchrds or with other Roundup-Resistnt crops (corn, cotton, soyben). It lso occurs with other herbicides, nd is not unique to RR crops. With RRA, it s importnt to strt off with n IPM pproch, using culturl methods, tnk mixes nd other strtegies to reduce weed resistnce to glyphoste. DO YOUR MARKETS ACCEPT RRA? Some mrkets, prticulrly export nd orgnic reject RRA. Although this hs been minority of buyers, it s importnt to mke sure your customers re comfortble with ccepting GMO lflf crop. COEXISTENCE If you hve neighbors who re growing for sensitive mrkets, it s importnt to discuss with them to mke sure tht the RRA does not contminte their crop. Since RRA is the first GMO in lflf, it s importnt tht it does not negtively ffect growers who re producing for orgnic or other sensitive mrkets. 5

18 SEE for Vriety nd Roundup Redy Alflf Informtion. How do RR Vrieties Mtch up? One of the first questions is whether the performnce of RR vrieties mtches tht of conventionl vrieties with regrds to yield, pest resistnce, stnd persistence, nd qulity. Since yield nd pest resistnce nd other chrcteristics re so importnt to profitbility, is generlly true tht growers should not be willing to scrifice significnt performnce in fvor of the RR trit. There hve been rumors tht RR lines exceed yields of conventionl lines, nd rumors tht RR lines hve yielded less thn conventionl lines. The performnce of the lines themselves must be seprted somehow from the performnce linked with the weed control method. The dt from UC trils hs shown tht, in generl, RR vrieties exhibit mny of the performnce chrcteristics similr to trditionl vrieties. Tht is: we hve not noted unusul growth ptterns, plnt morphology chrcteristics or yield chrcteristics of these vrieties to dte. The yields of these vrieties perform quite similrly to those lines of similr FD rting, lthough individul lines my exceed expecttions, or fll short. Further testing nd on-frm experiences should be helpful in sorting out the vriety performnce issues with specific RR lines over time. Growers should be wre tht with RR vrieties, smll proportion of the seed (typiclly less thn 5%) will remin susceptible to glyphoste due to the polyploidy nture of inheritnce in lflf. This should not normlly be problem if glyphoste is used during stnd estblishment. Tble 1. Seeding rte effects on lflf Roundup-Redy seed costs (e.g.$6.50/lb) compred with conventionl seed ($3.50/lb). To justify the seed costs, growers must obtin dded vlue or cost svings of the mount shown in the right column Seed Costs Seeding Rte Conv. RR Difference Required Svings or incresed Vlue lb/ seed $/ $/ $/ $/A/yer Note: Seed costs only, does not include other stnd estblishment costs. Required svings ssumes 3-yer stnd life. Note tht the technology fee does not hve to be pid twice in the cse of stnd filure 6

19 YIELD OF RR AND CONVENTIONAL VARIETIES-Dvis (04-05) Yer Ave. Yield (t/) LSD (P<0.05) WL325HQ TANGO SW7410 RR03BD194 RR03BD164 RR03B182 RR03B115 RR03B189 PARADE RRALF6R100 RR03BD127 Sutter Mgn801FQ REVOLUTION (RR) RR03BD196 RR03BD176 WL550RR CUF101 DKA84-10RR WL525HQ Fll Dormncy Kerney Ag. Center Yields AVE. YIELD (t/) PER YEAR WL625HQ DesertSun 8.10RR CW Mgn995 Integr 8900 WL525 HQ CW801 58N57 MeccIII CW Cropln843 X59N59 FG101T407 DS385 SW9434 Mgn788 AA202W ADF CG9 SW9332 RRALF8R100 Y58N88 DS382 WL535HQ DS381 RR04BD DS399 Pcifico GrndSlm YOSEMITE Pershing Integr 8801R RR04BD-435 WL660RR FG91M401 AmeriStnd 855TRR AmeriStnd 815TRR Alfgrze 600RR DS384 AA203W 57Q75 Implo ArtesinSunrise Conquistidor WL711 DS383 CUF101 59N49 AA201W DK180ML Amerilef 721 AA200W 56S82 Trnsition 6.10RR

20 Tble 2. Yield of Glyphoste Tolernt (GT, or Roundup-Redy) nd Conventionl (Conv.) vrieties grown under conventionl nd Roundup (glyphoste) tretments t Tulelke, CA, Genetic Bckground Herbicide Applied Yer Averge Vriety % of Vernl R54BD14 GT Roundup Legendiry Conv. Conventionl Expedition Conv. Conventionl R54BD17 GT Roundup Rebound Conv. Conventionl RR405 GT Roundup R44BD13 GT Roundup R54BD17 GT Conventionl DKA43-22RR GT Roundup RR405 GT Conventionl WL 357HQ Conv. Conventionl Boulder Conv. Conventionl Hybriforce 400 Conv. Conventionl Ameristnd 405T RR GT Conventionl R54BD14 GT Conventionl Innovtor +Z Conv. Conventionl R43M625 GT Roundup Msterpiece Conv. Conventionl Ameristnd 405T RR GT Roundup R44BD06 GT Conventionl WL355RR GT Roundup Mountineer Conv. Conventionl R44BD06 GT Roundup R44BD09 GT Roundup R01 GT Conventionl Dur 512 Conv. Conventionl RRALPH 6R100 GT Roundup R43M625 GT Conventionl DKA43-22RR GT Conventionl WL355RR GT Conventionl R01 GT Roundup RRALPH 6R100 GT Conventionl R44BD13 GT Conventionl V54 Conv. Conventionl R44BD09 GT Conventionl Ameristnd 403T Conv. Conventionl Vernl Conv. Conventionl Men LSD (P<0.05) CV Yer Sum Totl 8

21 Tble 1. Influence of Herbicide nd Vriety strtegy on totl lflf yields, Tulelke, CA, Ech strtegy is the verge of 12 vrieties, within ech herbicide tretment. This enbles comprison of whole systems (conventionl vs. RR Redy), s well s the influence of herbicide lone (Conventionl vs. Roundup herbicides on the sme GT-tolernt lines). The RR system yielded similrly to the conventionl system over 5 yers. However, yields of Roundup-treted system were superior to the Conventionl herbicide tretment when pplied to the sme GT-tolernt lines. Combined vriety/herbicide Strtegy Vriety Herbicide Tretment Yer Averge 5-Yer Sum Totl Tretment tons/cre 3 GT-Tolernt Roundup A A 1 Conventionl Conventionl A A 2 GT-Tolernt Conventionl B B Men LSD 0.29 ns ns CV Tons/Acre Effect of Herbicide Tretment on GT-Tolernt Alflf, Tulelke, CA (Ave., ) Herbicide Tretment: Roundup Conventionl Ave. yield difference: t/ for the Roundup tretment (rnge to 0.41)

22 TABLE YIELDS, UC KEARNEY ALFALFA CULTIVAR TRIAL. Tril plnted 09/13/ Yield 2009 Yield 2010 Yield Averge % of CUF 101 FD Dry t/ % Relesed Vrieties AL ( 8) 12.1 ( 1) 12.8 ( 2) 12.8 ( 2) A B HybriForce ( 5) 12.1 ( 2) 12.3 ( 5) 12.7 ( 3) A B C Pcifico ( 17) 12.1 ( 5) 12.4 ( 4) 12.5 ( 5) A B C D WL 625HQ ( 4) 11.3 ( 14) 12.2 ( 8) 12.4 ( 7) A B C D E Dyton ( 12) 11.2 ( 17) 11.7 ( 12) 12.1 ( 9) A B C D E F G Tripleply ( 15) 11.8 ( 7) 11.3 ( 19) 12.1 ( 12) A B C D E F G H SP ( 10) 11.2 ( 18) 11.2 ( 20) 12.0 ( 16) A B C D E F G H Integr ( 41) 11.2 ( 16) 11.9 ( 9) 11.7 ( 21) A B C D E F G H I J K Integr ( 24) 10.9 ( 28) 10.8 ( 26) 11.5 ( 24) B C D E F G H I J K L M Mgn ( 25) 10.9 ( 26) 10.8 ( 27) 11.5 ( 25) B C D E F G H I J K L M Pinl 9 RR ( 35) 10.5 ( 34) 11.6 ( 14) 11.5 ( 26) B C D E F G H I J K L M Desert Sun 8.10RR ( 23) 10.6 ( 33) 11.0 ( 23) 11.4 ( 27) B C D E F G H I J K L M Mgn 801FQ ( 40) 11.1 ( 21) 10.7 ( 28) 11.3 ( 29) B C D E F G H I J K L M N UC Implo ( 32) 10.6 ( 32) 10.2 ( 37) 11.1 ( 34) D E F G H I J K L M N O HybriForce ( 29) 10.4 ( 37) 9.8 ( 44) 11.0 ( 36) D E F G H I J K L M N O P WL 535HQ ( 42) 11.0 ( 23) 10.0 ( 42) 11.0 ( 37) D E F G H I J K L M N O P Grndslm ( 33) 10.5 ( 36) 9.7 ( 46) 10.9 ( 38) E F G H I J K L M N O P Q Mgn 801FQ+Optimize ( 44) 10.8 ( 30) 10.2 ( 38) 10.9 ( 39) E F G H I J K L M N O P Q AR ( 43) 9.8 ( 47) 10.5 ( 31) 10.7 ( 40) F G H I J K L M N O P Q AR ( 47) 9.6 ( 50) 10.6 ( 29) 10.6 ( 42) G H I J K L M N O P Q DKA84-10 RR ( 49) 10.1 ( 40) 10.1 ( 41) 10.6 ( 43) G H I J K L M N O P Q CG ( 34) 9.9 ( 44) 9.4 ( 48) 10.5 ( 45) G H I J K L M N O P Q RRALF-8R ( 48) 9.4 ( 52) 9.9 ( 43) 10.2 ( 48) J K L M N O P Q Ameristnd 855 RR ( 38) 9.0 ( 55) 9.2 ( 51) 10.1 ( 50) L M N O P Q Integr 8801R RR ( 56) 9.8 ( 48) 9.7 ( 47) 10.0 ( 51) M N O P Q AR ( 52) 8.9 ( 56) 9.8 ( 45) 9.9 ( 52) M N O P Q CUF ( 50) 9.9 ( 43) 8.1 ( 56) 9.8 ( 54) N O P Q Revolution RR ( 57) 8.8 ( 57) 9.2 ( 50) 9.6 ( 55) O P Q 97.8 Dur ( 53) 9.2 ( 53) 8.4 ( 55) 9.5 ( 56) P Q N ( 51) 9.0 ( 54) 7.8 ( 57) 9.4 ( 57) Q 95.6 Experimentl Vrieties FG-95T ( 1) 12.1 ( 3) 13.0 ( 1) 13.3 ( 1) A FG-95T284+Optimize ( 2) 11.3 ( 12) 12.4 ( 3) 12.5 ( 4) A B C D SW ( 13) 12.1 ( 4) 12.2 ( 6) 12.5 ( 6) A B C D DS ( 16) 11.5 ( 10) 12.2 ( 7) 12.2 ( 8) A B C D E F ( 28) 12.0 ( 6) 11.7 ( 13) 12.1 ( 10) A B C D E F G PGI 1007 BA ( 6) 11.1 ( 20) 11.4 ( 17) 12.1 ( 11) A B C D E F G CW ( 9) 10.9 ( 25) 11.7 ( 11) 12.1 ( 13) A B C D E F G H R96BD105 RR ( 7) 11.0 ( 22) 11.4 ( 16) 12.0 ( 14) A B C D E F G H CW ( 11) 11.3 ( 13) 11.1 ( 21) 12.0 ( 15) A B C D E F G H SW ( 18) 11.7 ( 8) 11.1 ( 22) 12.0 ( 17) A B C D E F G H DS ( 27) 11.2 ( 19) 11.8 ( 10) 11.9 ( 18) A B C D E F G H I R95BD104 RR ( 3) 11.2 ( 15) 10.5 ( 30) 11.9 ( 19) A B C D E F G H I ( 31) 11.4 ( 11) 11.5 ( 15) 11.8 ( 20) A B C D E F G H I J FG-85M ( 20) 10.8 ( 29) 11.3 ( 18) 11.7 ( 22) B C D E F G H I J K L DS ( 30) 11.0 ( 24) 11.0 ( 25) 11.5 ( 23) B C D E F G H I J K L M CW ( 14) 10.6 ( 31) 10.3 ( 35) 11.4 ( 28) B C D E F G H I J K L M N CW ( 19) 10.9 ( 27) 10.1 ( 40) 11.3 ( 30) B C D E F G H I J K L M N SW ( 37) 10.5 ( 35) 11.0 ( 24) 11.2 ( 31) C D E F G H I J K L M N Chem ( 26) 11.5 ( 9) 9.3 ( 49) 11.2 ( 32) C D E F G H I J K L M N DS0571-Optimize ( 22) 10.3 ( 38) 10.3 ( 33) 11.1 ( 33) D E F G H I J K L M N O FG-85M282+Optimize ( 21) 10.1 ( 41) 10.5 ( 32) 11.1 ( 35) D E F G H I J K L M N O DS ( 45) 10.0 ( 42) 10.3 ( 34) 10.7 ( 41) G H I J K L M N O P Q DS ( 46) 9.8 ( 46) 10.3 ( 36) 10.6 ( 44) G H I J K L M N O P Q R95BD106 RR ( 36) 10.2 ( 39) 9.0 ( 53) 10.5 ( 46) H I J K L M N O P Q DS ( 54) 9.9 ( 45) 10.2 ( 39) 10.3 ( 47) I J K L M N O P Q PGI ( 39) 9.5 ( 51) 8.8 ( 54) 10.2 ( 49) K L M N O P Q SW ( 55) 9.6 ( 49) 9.0 ( 52) 9.8 ( 53) N O P Q MEAN CV LSD (0.1) Tril seeded t 25 lb/cre vible seed on on Hnford fine sndy lom soil t the Univ. of Clif. Kerney Agriculturl Center, Prlier, CA. Entries follow ed by the sme letter re not significntly different t the 10% probbility level ccording to Fisher's (protected) LSD. FD = Fll Dormncy reported by seed compnies.

23 TABLE YIELDS, UCD RR nd Conventil Vriety Tril. Tril plnted 02/07/2007 FD 2007 Yield 2008 Yield Dry t/ 2009 Yield Averge % of CUF101 % Relesed Vrieties GrndSlm ( 2) 9.5 ( 2) 9.8 ( 4) 9.3 ( 1) A CG ( 3) 8.6 ( 15) 9.9 ( 2) 9.0 ( 3) A B C Desert Sun 8.10RR ( 1) 8.6 ( 14) 9.2 ( 12) 8.9 ( 4) A B C D Integr ( 6) 8.9 ( 7) 9.4 ( 7) 8.9 ( 5) A B C D DKA ( 13) 9.1 ( 6) 9.3 ( 9) 8.8 ( 7) A B C D E F Mgn 801 FQ ( 11) 8.9 ( 8) 9.3 ( 8) 8.8 ( 8) A B C D E F PGI ( 12) 8.8 ( 9) 9.4 ( 6) 8.8 ( 10) A B C D E F SW ( 8) 8.8 ( 10) 9.1 ( 13) 8.7 ( 11) A B C D E F G Desert Sun 8.10RR(conv) ( 19) 9.4 ( 4) 8.7 ( 25) 8.6 ( 12) A B C D E F G H DKA84-10RR ( 16) 8.6 ( 13) 9.2 ( 11) 8.6 ( 13) A B C D E F G H RRALF 8R ( 15) 9.2 ( 5) 8.5 ( 31) 8.6 ( 14) A B C D E F G H SW ( 31) 9.5 ( 1) 8.9 ( 17) 8.6 ( 15) A B C D E F G H I Integr 8801RR ( 24) 8.7 ( 12) 9.3 ( 10) 8.5 ( 16) A B C D E F G H I AmeriStnd 855RR ( 14) 7.6 ( 29) 9.0 ( 15) 8.2 ( 17) B C D E F G H I J AmeriStnd 815TRR ( 7) 8.2 ( 19) 8.1 ( 33) 8.2 ( 18) C D E F G H I J Revolution RR ( 25) 8.2 ( 20) 8.8 ( 18) 8.2 ( 19) C D E F G H I J PGI ( 18) 7.6 ( 30) 9.0 ( 16) 8.1 ( 20) C D E F G H I J K Tngo ( 30) 8.2 ( 17) 8.8 ( 23) 8.1 ( 21) C D E F G H I J K Dur ( 22) 8.1 ( 22) 8.6 ( 30) 8.1 ( 22) C D E F G H I J K Revolution RR(conv) ( 10) 8.1 ( 21) 8.0 ( 34) 8.1 ( 23) C D E F G H I J K WL 535HQ ( 32) 7.9 ( 23) 8.8 ( 24) 8.0 ( 24) C D E F G H I J K L Integr 8401 RR ( 28) 7.6 ( 31) 8.7 ( 27) 7.9 ( 25) D E F G H I J K L WL 367RR/HQ ( 23) 7.4 ( 34) 8.6 ( 29) 7.9 ( 26) D E F G H I J K L DKA65-10RR ( 26) 8.2 ( 18) 7.8 ( 41) 7.9 ( 27) D E F G H I J K L RRALF 4R ( 39) 7.8 ( 26) 8.6 ( 28) 7.8 ( 28) E F G H I J K L ( 17) 7.5 ( 33) 8.0 ( 35) 7.8 ( 29) F G H I J K L TruTest ( 21) 7.7 ( 28) 7.9 ( 38) 7.8 ( 30) F G H I J K L M PGI 447RR(conv) ( 35) 7.3 ( 35) 8.8 ( 22) 7.7 ( 31) F G H I J K L M RRALF 6R ( 38) 7.2 ( 37) 8.8 ( 20) 7.7 ( 32) G H I J K L M WL 357HQ ( 43) 7.9 ( 24) 8.8 ( 19) 7.7 ( 33) G H I J K L M CW ( 29) 7.8 ( 27) 7.8 ( 40) 7.6 ( 34) G H I J K L M DKA41-18RR ( 20) 7.1 ( 38) 8.0 ( 37) 7.6 ( 35) G H I J K L M WL 550RR ( 42) 7.5 ( 32) 8.8 ( 21) 7.6 ( 36) H I J K L M CUF ( 36) 7.2 ( 36) 8.1 ( 32) 7.5 ( 37) I J K L M RRALF 4R200(conv) ( 27) 7.1 ( 39) 7.9 ( 39) 7.5 ( 38) I J K L M 99.8 Integr ( 41) 6.8 ( 42) 8.7 ( 26) 7.3 ( 40) J K L M 98.0 RRALF 6R100(conv) ( 37) 7.1 ( 40) 7.7 ( 42) 7.3 ( 41) J K L M 97.3 PGI 447RR ( 44) 6.5 ( 44) 9.0 ( 14) 7.2 ( 42) J K L M 95.8 DKA65-10RR(conv) ( 40) 7.9 ( 25) 6.5 ( 45) 7.1 ( 43) K L M 94.3 GrndStnd ( 33) 6.1 ( 45) 7.3 ( 44) 6.9 ( 44) L M 91.9 Sutter ( 45) 6.7 ( 43) 7.5 ( 43) 6.7 ( 45) M 89.3 Experimentl Vrieties DKA Exp 6 RR ( 4) 9.5 ( 3) 9.9 ( 1) 9.3 ( 2) A B FG1 601RR ( 9) 8.7 ( 11) 9.8 ( 3) 8.9 ( 6) A B C D E ADF ( 5) 8.5 ( 16) 9.6 ( 5) 8.8 ( 9) A B C D E F FG1 501RR ( 34) 7.0 ( 41) 8.0 ( 36) 7.4 ( 39) J K L M 98.2 MEAN CV LSD (0.1) Tril seeded t 25 lb/cre vible seed on Yolo cly lom soil t the Univ. of Cliforni Agronomy Frm, Dvis, CA. Entries followed by the sme letter re not significntly different t the 10% probbility level ccording to Fisher's (protected) LSD. FD = Fll Dormncy reported by seed compnies. 11

24 TABLE YIELDS, UC WSREC ALFALFA CULTIVAR TRIAL. TRIAL PLANTED 10/13/ Yield 2008 Yield 2009 Yield Averge % of CUF101 FD Dry t/ % Relesed Vrieties WL 535HQ ( 9) 13.0 ( 3) 13.6 ( 1) 12.8 ( 1) A Desert Sun 8. 10RR ( 18) 13.3 ( 1) 13.2 ( 2) 12.7 ( 2) A B Grndslm ( 2) 13.1 ( 2) 12.6 ( 4) 12.6 ( 3) A B C Pcifico ( 6) 12.8 ( 4) 12.7 ( 3) 12.5 ( 4) A B C D AL ( 15) 12.5 ( 5) 12.1 ( 7) 12.1 ( 5) A B C D E CW ( 12) 12.0 ( 8) 12.3 ( 5) 12.0 ( 6) A B C D E F INTEGRA ( 8) 12.0 ( 7) 11.9 ( 8) 11.9 ( 7) A B C D E F WL 660RR ( 3) 11.8 ( 12) 11.5 ( 10) 11.7 ( 8) A B C D E F G Dur ( 33) 11.9 ( 9) 12.1 ( 6) 11.6 ( 11) A B C D E F G H WL 625HQ ( 4) 11.0 ( 22) 11.6 ( 9) 11.5 ( 12) A B C D E F G H I N ( 11) 11.8 ( 11) 10.9 ( 16) 11.5 ( 13) A B C D E F G H I TriplePly ( 10) 11.4 ( 14) 11.0 ( 12) 11.4 ( 14) A B C D E F G H I J AmeriStnd 855RR ( 14) 11.7 ( 13) 10.8 ( 17) 11.4 ( 15) A B C D E F G H I J Revolution ( 16) 11.4 ( 16) 10.4 ( 20) 11.1 ( 17) A B C D E F G H I J K CW ( 25) 11.2 ( 17) 10.3 ( 21) 10.9 ( 18) B C D E F G H I J K L CUF ( 21) 11.0 ( 21) 10.2 ( 23) 10.9 ( 19) B C D E F G H I J K L Mgn801FQ ( 24) 10.5 ( 26) 10.9 ( 14) 10.9 ( 20) C D E F G H I J K L 99.9 Implo WF ( 19) 10.3 ( 29) 10.4 ( 19) 10.8 ( 22) D E F G H I J K L 98.6 CW ( 28) 11.0 ( 20) 9.8 ( 27) 10.7 ( 23) E F G H I J K L M 97.7 RRALF 8R ( 27) 11.1 ( 18) 9.5 ( 29) 10.6 ( 24) E F G H I J K L M lflf ( 20) 11.0 ( 19) 9.2 ( 34) 10.6 ( 25) E F G H I J K L M 97.1 WL 550RR ( 31) 10.6 ( 23) 10.0 ( 25) 10.5 ( 28) E F G H I J K L M N 96.5 DKA84-10RR ( 38) 10.3 ( 30) 10.3 ( 22) 10.4 ( 29) E F G H I J K L M N 94.9 Highline ( 26) 10.5 ( 27) 9.3 ( 32) 10.4 ( 30) E F G H I J K L M N 94.8 INTEGRA 8801R ( 32) 10.2 ( 31) 9.5 ( 30) 10.2 ( 31) F G H I J K L M N 93.8 Conquistdor ( 36) 9.7 ( 34) 9.8 ( 26) 10.0 ( 32) G H I J K L M N 92.0 Sequoi ( 23) 9.4 ( 36) 8.8 ( 36) 9.8 ( 34) I J K L M N 90.2 INTEGRA ( 34) 9.2 ( 38) 9.4 ( 31) 9.7 ( 35) I J K L M N 89.3 DKA65-10RR ( 39) 9.7 ( 32) 8.8 ( 35) 9.7 ( 36) J K L M N 88.7 Wildcrd ( 35) 9.3 ( 37) 8.3 ( 37) 9.4 ( 37) K L M N O 86.4 AmeriStnd 815TRR ( 30) 9.4 ( 35) 7.8 ( 38) 9.4 ( 38) K L M N O 86.3 RRALF 6R ( 41) 9.1 ( 39) 7.5 ( 39) 8.9 ( 40) M N O 81.9 Integr 8400R ( 42) 7.1 ( 42) 6.7 ( 42) 7.7 ( 42) O 70.8 Experimentl Vrieties CW ( 5) 12.1 ( 6) 11.0 ( 11) 11.7 ( 9) A B C D E F G CW ( 1) 11.8 ( 10) 11.0 ( 13) 11.7 ( 10) A B C D E F G H ADF ( 22) 11.4 ( 15) 10.9 ( 15) 11.3 ( 16) A B C D E F G H I J SW ( 17) 10.6 ( 24) 10.4 ( 18) 10.9 ( 21) C D E F G H I J K L 99.5 FGI 901RR ( 29) 10.5 ( 25) 10.0 ( 24) 10.6 ( 26) E F G H I J K L M 96.8 TS ( 7) 10.4 ( 28) 9.3 ( 33) 10.5 ( 27) E F G H I J K L M N 96.6 CW ( 40) 9.7 ( 33) 9.7 ( 28) 9.9 ( 33) H I J K L M N 90.9 TS ( 13) 8.6 ( 41) 7.4 ( 40) 9.2 ( 39) L M N O 84.5 TS ( 37) 8.7 ( 40) 7.0 ( 41) 8.8 ( 41) N O 80.3 MEAN CV LSD (0.1) Tril seeded t 25 lb/cre vible seed t WSREC, Five Points, CA. Entries followed by the sme letter re not significntly different t the 10% probbility level ccording to Fisher's (protected) LSD. FD = Fll Dormncy reported by seed compnies. 12