Thermal analysis of Aluminum alloy Piston

Transcription

1 Internatinal Jurnal f Emerging Trends in Engineering Research (IJETER), Vl. 3 N.6, Pages : (2015) Special Issue f NCTET 2K15 - Held n June 13, 2015 in SV Cllege f Engineering, Tirupati Thermal analysis f Aluminum ally Pistn B.A.Devan 1, G.Ravindra Reddy 2 1 PG Student in Thermal Engineering, SIETK, Puttur, A.P, India,devan309@gmail.cm 2 Assc. Prf, Dept f Mechanical Engineering, SIETK, Puttur, A.P, India,,gururavindrareddy@gmail.cm ABSTRACT In this study, Wrk is carried ut t find ut the thermal distributin n different Pistn Materials used. In IC engine Pistn is ne f the mst imprtant and cmplex part, s it is imprtant t maintain Pistn in gd cnditin in rder t maintain the prper functining f the engine. Pistn mainly fails due t thermal Cnditins. S as t search ut prper thermal distributin different Pistn Materials are cnsidered. Key wrds:. : IC engine, Pistn, ANSYS, Pistn Materials, WB-Mdeller, aluminium allys. 1. INTRODUCTION Sealing ff the wrking chamber Linear guiding f the cnrd (trunk pistn engines) Heat dissipatin Supprt charge exchange by drawing and discharging (fur-strke engine) Supprt mixture frmatin (by means f suitable shape f the pistn surface n the cmbustin chamber side) Cntrlling charge exchange(in tw-strke engine) Guiding the sealing elements (pistn) Guiding the cnrd (fr tp guided cnrde) Functin f the pistn The pistn as an element f pwer transmissin In the cylinder f an engine, the energy bunded up in the fuel is rapidly cnverted int heat and pressure during the cmbustin cycle. The heat and pressure values increase greatly within a very shrt perid f time. The pistn as the mving part f the cmbustin chamber has the task f cnverting this released energy int mechanical wrk. The basic structure f the pistn is a hallw cylinder, clsed n ne side, with the segments pistn crwn with ring belt, pin bass and skirt. The pistn crwn transfers the gas frces resulting frm the cmbustin f the fuel air mixture via pin bss, the pistn pin, and the cnnecting rd t the crankshaft. The gas pressure against the pistn crwn and the scillating initial frces, reflected t in the fllwing as the inertia frce, f the pistn and cnnecting rd cnstitute the pistn frce. Due t the redirectin f the pistn frce in the directin f the cnnecting rd ( rd frce) an additinal cmpnent arises, fllwing the frce parallelgram namely the lateral frce als knwn as the nrmal frce. This frce pressure the pistn skirt against the cylinder bre. During a cmbustin cycle, the lateral frce changes directin several times, which pressures the pistn frm ne side f the cylinder bre t ther, due t the existing pistn clearance. The mst imprtant tasks that the pistn must fulfill are Transmissin f frce frm and t the wrking gas. Variable bunding f the wrking chamber (cylinder) As the specific engine utput increase, s d the requirements n the pistn at the same time. 2. MATERIAL PROPERTIES Table 1: AlSi Material prperties S N Prperties Value 1 Yung s mdulus Mpa 2 Pisns rati Density 2937 kg/m 3 4 Thermal cnductivity 197 W/m 0 C 5 Specific heat 894 J/kg 0 C Table 2: Al-Mg-Si Material prperties S N Prperties Value 1 Yung s mdulus Mpa 2 Pisns rati Density 2700 kg/m 3 4 Thermal cnductivity 200 W/m 0 C 5 Specific heat 898 J/kg 0 C Table 3: AlSiC-10 Material prperties S N prperties Value 1 Yung s mdulus Mpa 2 Pisns rati Density 2960 kg/m 3 4 Thermal cnductivity 190 W/m 0 C 5 Specific heat 786 J/kg 0 C 511

2 Internatinal Jurnal f Emerging Trends in Engineering Research (IJETER), Vl. 3 N.6, Pages : (2015) Special Issue f NCTET 2K15 - Held n June 13, 2015 in SV Cllege f Engineering, Tirupati Table 4: AlSiC-12 Material prperties S N prperties Value 1 Yung s mdulus Mpa 2 Pisns rati Density 2890 kg/m 3 4 Thermal cnductivity 170 W/m 0 C 5 Specific heat 808 J/kg 0 C 3. THEORITICAL CALCULATION Maximum Heat flux f the pistn crwn..frm Furier s law K= Thermal cnductivity f pistn material dt=temperature gradient (T 2 -T 1 ) dx=thickness f the tp land f the pistn (t) T 2 = Temperature f the tp surface f the pistn crwn. T 1 =Temperature f the Bttm surface f the pistn crwn. t = Thickness f the tp land f the pistn Case-I Maximum Heat flux in AlSi Ally Pistn The pistn is designed accrding t the prcedure and specificatin which are given in machine design and data hand bks. The dimensins are calculated in terms f SI Units. length, diameter f pistn and hle, thicknesses, etc., parameters are taken int cnsideratin. S NO. Dimensins Table 4: Gemetrical values Size Ranges (mm) Prefera ble Size (mm) 1 Cylinder Bre, D Width f the land 7 t Height f the pistn, H 112t Distance frm the tp t the axis f pistn pin, h 1 Diameter f thickness f pistn pin, d Distance frm the frnt t the first channel, e 63t t t Wall thickness between channels, h n 4.2 t 7 5 q = -197 =3.788 x 10 6 W/m 2 Case-II Maximum Heat flux in Al-Mg-Si Ally Pistn 8 9 Radial thickness f the pistn ring t r Axial thickness f the pistn ring t a 4.48t t6.3 5 q = -200 =3.846 x 10 6 W/m 2 Case-II Maximum Heat flux in AlSiC-10 Ally Pistn q = -190 =3.653 x 10 6 W/m 2 Case-II Maximum Heat flux in AlSiC-12 Ally Pistn q = PISTON DESIGN =3.269 x 10 6 W/m 2 Figure 1:Mdeling f the Pistn 5. MESHING OF PISTON The pistn shape is irregular, especially in the presence f varius curved surfaces f inner cavity. Firstly, Autmatic 512

3 Internatinal Jurnal f Emerging Trends in Engineering Research (IJETER), Vl. 3 N.6, Pages : (2015) Special Issue f NCTET 2K15 - Held n June 13, 2015 in SV Cllege f Engineering, Tirupati meshing methd is used t mesh the mdel. Element used is 20 nde Tetrahedrn named silid90. The element size is taken as 5, then ttal number elements were and ndes were fund in meshed mdel. Fig (2) shw the distributin f Temperature induced within the pistn bdy. The maximum values f Temperature bserved at tp surface f the pistn crwn. Fig (4) shw the maximum ttal heat flux in the pistn gemetry due t the applicatin f gas temperature is MW/m 2, which is bserved at the edge prtin f the pistn crwn. Al-Mg-Si Figure 2:Meshing f the Pistn 6. BONDARY CONDITIONS AND LOADS Maximum gas pressure at tp surface f the pistn 5MPa Temperature at Tp surface f the pistn 400 C Pistn pin hles are fixed D x = D y = D z =0 Figure 5: Temperature distributin fr Al-Mg-Si pistn 7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS AlSi Figure 3; Temperature distributin fr AlSi pistn Figure 6: Ttal heat flux fr Al-Mg-Si pistn Fig (5) shw the distributin f Temperature induced within the pistn bdy. The maximum values f Temperature bserved at tp surface f the pistn crwn. Fig (6) shw the maximum ttal heat flux in the pistn gemetry due t the applicatin f gas temperature is MW/m 2, which is bserved at the edge prtin f the pistn crwn. AlSic-10 Figure 4: Ttal heat flux fr AlSi pistn 513

4 Internatinal Jurnal f Emerging Trends in Engineering Research (IJETER), Vl. 3 N.6, Pages : (2015) Special Issue f NCTET 2K15 - Held n June 13, 2015 in SV Cllege f Engineering, Tirupati Figure7: Temperature distributin fr AlSiC -10pistn Figure 10: Ttal heat flux fr AlSiC-12 pistn Fig (9) shw the distributin f Temperature induced within the pistn bdy. The maximum values f Temperature bserved at tp surface f the pistn crwn. Fig (10) shw the maximum ttal heat flux in the pistn gemetry due t the applicatin f gas temperature is MW/m 2, which is bserved at the edge prtin f the pistn crwn. Table 4: Results SN Material Ttal Heat flux (MW/m 2 ) 1 AlSi Al-Mg-Si Figure 8: Ttal heat flux fr AlSiC-10 pistn Fig (7) shw the distributin f Temperature induced within the pistn bdy. The maximum values f Temperature bserved at tp surface f the pistn crwn. Fig (8) shw the maximum ttal heat flux in the pistn gemetry due t the applicatin f gas temperature is MW/m 2, which is bserved at the edge prtin f the pistn crwn. AlSiC-12 3 AlSiC AlSiC Graph 1: Ttal Heat Flux Table 4: Cmparisn S N Material Ttal heat Flux (MW/m 2 ) Theretical Simulated 1 AlSi Al-MgSi AlSiC AlSic Figure 9: Temperature distributin fr AlSiC -12pistn 514

5 Internatinal Jurnal f Emerging Trends in Engineering Research (IJETER), Vl. 3 N.6, Pages : (2015) Special Issue f NCTET 2K15 - Held n June 13, 2015 in SV Cllege f Engineering, Tirupati , Vl. 4, Issue 1(Versin 3, January 2014, pp Thermal Analysis and Optimizatin f I.C. Engine Pistn Using finite Element Methd by A. R. Bhagat1, Y. M. Jibhakate 2. Internatinal Jurnal f Mdern Engineering Research (IJMER), Vl.2, Issue.4, July-Aug 2012 pp CONCLUSION. Graph 1: Ttal Heat Flux Cmparisn 1. Frm the analysis results f different material n pistn is bserved that ttal heat flux reduces in AlSiC cmpsite cmpared t Al-Si, Al-Mg-Si, Ally. 2. The maximum heat flux reduced by increases cmpsitin f carbides in AlSiC Ally. 3. Results cmparisn between theretical and analysis simulated dne and fund apprximately same. REFERENCES 1. Pistn Design and Analysis by CAE Tls Ghdake A. P.*, Patil K.N. IOSR Jurnal f Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN: ISBN: PP Thermal Analysis and Optimizatin f I.C. Engine Pistn Using Finite Element Methd Internatinal Jurnal f Innvative Research in Science,Engineering and Technlgy. S.SrikanthReddy, Dr.B.SudheerPremKumar,Vl.2, Issue12, December Structural Analysis f a Ceramic Cated Diesel Engine Pistn Using Finite Element Methd.Narsaiylla Naresh, (M.Tech), 2P.Sampath Ra, M.Tech; (PhD).SSRG Internatinal Jurnal f Mechanical Engineering (SSRG-IJME) vlume1 issue 5 September Experimental Investigatin and Analysis f Pistn by using Cmpsite Materials R. RAVI RAJA MALARVANNAN1, P. VIGNESH.Internatinal Jurnal f Mechanical Engineering applicatins Research.Vl 04, Article-K100; Nvember 5. Pistn Strength Analysis Using FEM by Swati S Chugule*, Vinayak H Khatawate**Internatinal Jurnal f Engineering Research and Applicatins (IJERA) ISSN: Design, Analysis and Optimizatin f Three Aluminium Pistn Allys Using FEA by Ajay Raj Singh*, Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Sharma. Jurnal f Engineering Research and Applicatins, ISSN: 515