Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field in a Friction-Type Turbine (Tesla Turbine)
|
|
- Eustacia Bridges
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Numerical Simulatin f the Flw Field in a Frictin-Type Turbine (Tesla Turbine) Institute f Thermal Pwerplants Vienna niversity f Technlgy Getreidemarkt 9/313, A-6 Wien Andrés Felipe Rey Ladin Schl f Engineering, Natinal niversity f Clmbia, Calle 7c N. 4-1 Ap. 419, Bgtá, Clmbia, Tel.: ++7/1/317, e32642@student.tuwien.ac.at INTRODCTION In the cntext f research prject at Institute fr Pwerplants at the Vienna niversity f Technlgy in jint study with the Natinal niversity f Clmbia, the flw inside the Tesla turbmachine is investigated. The Tesla turbine, an uncnventinal turbmachinery that uses smth disks instead f blades, is described principally by the lading cefficient curve, the efficiency and degree f reactin vs. the flw rate parameter. In rder t describe its behaviur, the rtatinal speed is maintained cnstant and the flw rate is changed with the purpse f simulate a virtual brake. Since the flw is characterized in a transitinal regime, bth laminar and turbulent cases are simulated. The wrk presented represents an initial significant step twards the analysis f this type f flw using CFD tl. Starting frm a simple axi-symmetric mdel f the flw between tw c-rtating disks in tw dimensins, the mdel is imprved including the utlet f the turbine with the casing, and at the end a 3D simulatin f a single disk is perfrmed including the effects f the nzzles. A cmplete mdel f a Tesla turbine is restricted by cmputer resurces. The simulatins were carried ut in winter and summer semester The cmmercial cmputatinal fluid dynamics (CFD) cde FLENT as well as the grid generatin sftware GAMBIT were used fr the investigatin. Bth cdes are available n the CFD-server COMPAQ SC4 (Fluid Dynamics and Finite Element Server) f the Cmputer Center f Vienna niversity f Technlgy. PREVIOS WORK Starting frm the patent f Nikla Tesla [1], (Figure 1), extensive analytical wrk were made in the 6 s, and 7 s. Mst f literature cnsider the flw laminar and incmpressible, but als sme turbulent apprach were made. The flw is characterized by the Reynlds number and the Mach number. It is fund varius regimes f flw and prcess as laminar, turbulent, frward transitin and relaminarizatin frm turbulent t laminar. Figure 1.: American Patent N. 1,61,26 f Tesla turbine [1]. Figure 2.: Schematic diagram f Tesla turbine [2].
2 GEOMETRY AND MESHING Fllwing the experimental wrk and gemetry used by Rice [2], three mdels with similar gemetry are prpsed and slved. The gemetry is characterized by the rati f radii: r 1 /r 2 =6,6 and the rati f the gap t the uter radius: r 1 /b=2 (these gemetrical parameters are the same in the three mdels); the angle f the nzzle is =2. The flw is simulated fr 2 Reb b 2.9. Figure 3.: Gemetry fr ne gap 2D mdel. Figure 4.: 2D Mdel f the turbine with full peripheral admissin. DESCRIPTION OF THE NMERICAL METHOD Figure.: Mesh fr the 3D slide mdel. Gverning equatins. The Navier Stkes equatins are slved fr steady flw, incmpressible, laminar and turbulent case, and 2D (Axisymmetric Swirl) and 3D apprach. Fluent uses the Finite Vlume Methd and in additin the duble precisin characteristic was used. The fllwing ptins were selected: Segregated and implicit slver, and fr the discretizatin: PRESTO! (Pressure Staggering Optin), SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Methd fr Pressure-Linked Equatins) fr Pressure-Velcity cupling, Secnd Order pwind was selected fr Mmentum. Fr turbulent slutin the standard k- mdel with near wall treatment is used. The y + < relatin near the wall must be accmplished. Bundary Cnditins. Inlet was specified with a fixed velcity-inlet bundary. Fr the turbulence simulatins was selected a value f % f turbulence intensity. The nndimensinal turbulent kinetic energy is set t k*=.37, and the turbulent dissipatin rate is *=2,693x -4. Outlet cnditin was specified with a pressure-utlet bundary, with a gauge pressure value f. Disks and husing emply n slip cnditin rtating at.. The walls are adiabatic. Cnvergence and cmputed time. The slutin f the first mdel (Figure 3) take 4 minutes t cnverge with 6.8 quadrilateral cells, the secnd mdel (Figure 4) with 237,62 cells tk 3h t reach a suitable slutin and finally the 3D mdel (Figure ) with 2,412, cells cnsume 14 days after, iteratins. RESLTS First Mdel: Flw between disks. Figure 6 shws the velcity prfile at three radial statins, inlet, middle and utlet. The strng acceleratin between t frntier statins is nticed. Figure 7 presents ne characteristic f the radial flw that appears nly in the laminar case: the inflectin
3 f the prfile in the middle f the radius. Figure 8 depicts the change f pressure (ttal, dynamic and static). As it can be seen, in the radial directin, the ttal pressure in the middle f the gap des nt shw variatin, meaning that the flw in this plane d nt perfrm wrk, but in ther plane, at % f the gap frm the wall, the variatin is mre appreciable. Laminar slutin Figure 6.: Velcity magnitude, laminar slutin. Figure 7.:Inflectin f radial velcity fr different radial statins. Figure 8.: Pressure distributin alng radius, laminar slutin. Characteristic curves f the Tesla turbine are presented in Figure 9 and Figure. 2 Lading Cefficient T m 2 r Pshaf t m pttal Flw Parameter r Flw Parameter r Figure 9.: Characteristic curve, lading cefficient, frm laminar case. Figure.: f an islated disk, laminar, nn-dimensinal slutin. Turbulent slutin Frm turbulent case, the acceleratin f the flw between inlet and utlet is lwer (Figure 11) with a higher trque (Figure 14) and als higher efficiency; Mre energy is extracted with higher turbulence, the drag is higher. The ttal pressure at inlet is higher in cmparisn t the laminar case. Figure 11.: Ttal velcity, turbulent case. Figure 12.:Inflectin f radial velcity fr different radial statins. Figure 13.: Pressure distributin alng radius, turbulent slutin.
4 Lading Cefficient T m 2 r Pshaf t m pttal Flw Parameter r Flw Parameter r Figure 14.: Lading cefficient fr turbulent slutin, islated disk. Figure 1.: fr turbulent slutin, islated disk. Rtr: This mdel includes the utlet f the turbine, Figure 17 presents the difference f cmputed efficiency f nly the rtr and the rtr with the utlet, with a pipe length f 7 frm the rtr utlet. The lsses due t the utlet are cnsiderable due t change f area and directin. The lw efficiency value is als cmparable t the recently experimental wrk f Schmidt [3]. Lading Cefficient T m 2 r Rtr Turbina Tesla.3 Flw Parameter r flw parameter vs _rtr flw parameter vs efficiency_7 Flw Parameter r Figure 16.: Lading cefficient fr turbulent slutin, turbine. 3D rtr slide mdel: Figure 17.: fr turbulent slutin, turbine. Figure 18.: Pathlines clred by velcity magnitude. Figure 19.: Cnturs f ttal pressure at the middle f the gap.
5 Lading Cefficient Figure 2.: Lading cefficient fr turbulent slutin, turbine. Figure 21.: fr turbulent slutin, turbine. The 3D mdel includes the effects due t the nzzle and the lsses present in this zne are nt very high when lading cefficient and efficiency are cmpared (Figure 2 and Figure 21). Figure 22.: Vectrs f velcity magnitude and ttal pressure cnturs at the middle f the gap. SMMARY The flw in the Tesla turbine was simulated with different gemetrical mdels and laminar and turbulent apprach. Since the flw itself is fund in a transitin regime with multiple prcesses - as transitin, relaminarizatin, recirculatin, between ther phenmena- an exact simulatin that full fills all the physical requirements is quite difficult t achieve with CFD tl. Nevertheless, bth apprximatins are valid and they wuld shw different features, characteristics and behaviur typical fr each case and fr the Tesla turbine. One f these differences is that the inflectin pint fr laminar flw disappears in the turbulent case, fr which the turbulent effects act as a mechanism f balanced in the axial directin. In cntrast, experimental research cannt measured velcities prfiles, nly static pressure as it was reprted by Adams [], due t the fact that the gap between disks is very thin; CFD prvide slutin t this prblem and furthermre t micr turbines. The flw hat als high swirling velcity cmpnents with significant gradients f acceleratin, which makes the slutin mre difficulty and need extra iteratins in rder t
6 achieve a gd cnvergence slutin. Cnvergence is an imprtant issue in CFD because f the iterative nature f the slutin, and it can give evidence f a well psed mdel indicating sme physical facts. Extended details and results can be fund in the diplma thesis f Rey A.F. [6]. The results shw that multiple disk turbines are wrkable and feasible, in the engineering sense, but they present a lw efficiency in bth laminar and turbulent cases; lwer fr laminar case; the difference between these cases is significant. Mrever, the simulatin f the gap and the results f 3D slide mdel shw that the efficiency was nt as high as it was suggest by experimental reprts in literature that implying the lw efficiency due t the presence f the nzzle. The efficiencies are similar in the three mdels. The machine is feasible fr a lw range f pwer where the efficiency f cnventinal turbmachinery is nt very high and it can handle wrking fluid with particles, cntaminants and high viscsity. Sme cnclusins f each mdel are: 2D tw disks mdel: Fr the laminar slutin, the prfile f the radial velcity cmpnent shws an inflectin at abut the middle radius; The flw presents strng acceleratin especially at the utlet; The gap can be reduced. 2D turbine mdel:the effects f the walls n the verall perfrmance are nt much significant when the efficiency is cmpared with 2D tw disks mdel; The lsses due t the utlet are high, where the flw presents high swirls and change f area and directin; The leading edge and trailing edge f each disk can be imprved. 3D turbine mdel: The high velcity f the flw increases the trque even thugh with the presence f znes f ventilatin; The lsses wed t the nzzles are nt very high; The tangential cmpnent f velcity remains nearly cnstant frm the uter t the inner regin f the rtr, because f the high velcity after the nzzle. Future Wrk Sme f the fllwing tpics wuld be interesting fr further investigatin: 1. Cmpressible analysis f the Tesla turbine; 2. Effects f the number f nzzles n perfrmance f the turbine; 3.Optimizatin f the gemetry, fllwing analytical and the experimental wrk f Rice [2], and recently by Schmidt [3], the analytical wrk f Lawn and Rice [4] is useful fr ptimizatin;.imprvement f the numerical methd in rder t handle transitinal flws as well as evaluatin f ther turbulence mdels t use in the simulatins. LITERATRE 1. Tesla, N.: Turbine nited States Patent N. 6126, May 6, Rice, W.: An Analytical and Experimental Investigatin f Multiple-Disk Turbines, Jurnal f Engineering fr Pwer, Trans. ASME, series A, Vl. 87, N. 1 Jan. 196, pp Schmidt, D. D.: Bimass Bundary Layer Turbine Pwer System, Califrnia Energy Cmmissin (CEC), EISG PROGRAM [nline] Available frm Internet: <RL: > <RL: , Califrnia, SA. 4. Lawn, Jr. J., Rice, W.: Calculated Design Data fr the Multiple Disk Turbine using Incmpressible fluid, Jurnal f Fluids Engineering, Trans. ASME, Vl. 96 N. 3, September 1974, pp Adams, R., Rice, W.: Experimental Investigatin f the Flw Between Crtating Disks, Jurnal f Applied Mechanics, Vl. 37, Trans. ASME, Vl. 92 series E, N. 3, September 197, pp Rey A. F.: Numerical Simulatin f the Flw Field in a Frictin-Type Turbine (Tesla Turbine) Diplma thesis at the Institute f Thermal Pwerplants, TWien, Viena, Austria, July 24.
Assume that the water in the nozzle is accelerated at a rate such that the frictional effect can be neglected.
1 HW #3: Cnservatin f Linear Mmentum, Cnservatin f Energy, Cnservatin f Angular Mmentum and Turbmachines, Bernulli s Equatin, Dimensinal Analysis, and Pipe Flws Prblem 1. Cnservatins f Mass and Linear
More informationExaminer: Dr. Mohamed Elsharnoby Time: 180 min. Attempt all the following questions Solve the following five questions, and assume any missing data
Benha University Cllege f Engineering at Banha Department f Mechanical Eng. First Year Mechanical Subject : Fluid Mechanics M111 Date:4/5/016 Questins Fr Final Crrective Examinatin Examiner: Dr. Mhamed
More informationDESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF HIGH-LIFT CONFIGURATIONS USING A VISCOUS ADJOINT-BASED METHOD
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF HIGH-LIFT CONFIGURATIONS USING A VISCOUS ADJOINT-BASED METHOD Sangh Kim Stanfrd University Juan J. Alns Stanfrd University Antny Jamesn Stanfrd University 40th AIAA Aerspace Sciences
More informationAircraft Performance - Drag
Aircraft Perfrmance - Drag Classificatin f Drag Ntes: Drag Frce and Drag Cefficient Drag is the enemy f flight and its cst. One f the primary functins f aerdynamicists and aircraft designers is t reduce
More informationRotating Radial Duct
Internatinl Jurnal f Rtating Machinery 1995, Vl. 2, N. 1, pp. 51-58 Reprints available directly frm the publisher Phtcpying permitted by license nly (C) 1995 OPA (Overseas Publishers Assciatin) Amsterdam
More informationAnalysis of Hydrodynamics and Heat Transfer in a Thin Liquid Film Flowing Over a Rotating Disk by the Integral Method
S. Basu B. M. Cetegen 1 Fellw ASME Mechanical Engineering Department, University f Cnnecticut, Strrs, CT 06269-3139 Analysis f Hydrdynamics and Heat Transfer in a Thin Liquid Film Flwing Over a Rtating
More informationNumerical Simulation of the Thermal Resposne Test Within the Comsol Multiphysics Environment
Presented at the COMSOL Cnference 2008 Hannver University f Parma Department f Industrial Engineering Numerical Simulatin f the Thermal Respsne Test Within the Cmsl Multiphysics Envirnment Authr : C. Crradi,
More informationPressure And Entropy Variations Across The Weak Shock Wave Due To Viscosity Effects
Pressure And Entrpy Variatins Acrss The Weak Shck Wave Due T Viscsity Effects OSTAFA A. A. AHOUD Department f athematics Faculty f Science Benha University 13518 Benha EGYPT Abstract:-The nnlinear differential
More informationEffects of piezo-viscous dependency on squeeze film between circular plates: Couple Stress fluid model
Turkish Jurnal f Science & Technlgy Vlume 9(1), 97-103, 014 Effects f piez-viscus dependency n squeeze film between circular plates: Cuple Stress fluid mdel Abstract U. P. SINGH Ansal Technical Campus,
More informationON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POROSITY ON UNSTEADY COUETTE FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN PARALLEL POROUS PLATES WITH EXPONENTIAL DECAYING PRESSURE GRADIENT
17 Kragujevac J. Sci. 8 (006) 17-4. ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POROSITY ON UNSTEADY COUETTE FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN PARALLEL POROUS PLATES WITH EXPONENTIAL DECAYING PRESSURE GRADIENT Hazem Ali Attia
More information7.0 Heat Transfer in an External Laminar Boundary Layer
7.0 Heat ransfer in an Eternal Laminar Bundary Layer 7. Intrductin In this chapter, we will assume: ) hat the fluid prperties are cnstant and unaffected by temperature variatins. ) he thermal & mmentum
More informationCompressibility Effects
Definitin f Cmpressibility All real substances are cmpressible t sme greater r lesser extent; that is, when yu squeeze r press n them, their density will change The amunt by which a substance can be cmpressed
More informationFall 2013 Physics 172 Recitation 3 Momentum and Springs
Fall 03 Physics 7 Recitatin 3 Mmentum and Springs Purpse: The purpse f this recitatin is t give yu experience wrking with mmentum and the mmentum update frmula. Readings: Chapter.3-.5 Learning Objectives:.3.
More information3D FE Modeling Simulation of Cold Rotary Forging with Double Symmetry Rolls X. H. Han 1, a, L. Hua 1, b, Y. M. Zhao 1, c
Materials Science Frum Online: 2009-08-31 ISSN: 1662-9752, Vls. 628-629, pp 623-628 di:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.623 2009 Trans Tech Publicatins, Switzerland 3D FE Mdeling Simulatin f Cld
More informationStudy Group Report: Plate-fin Heat Exchangers: AEA Technology
Study Grup Reprt: Plate-fin Heat Exchangers: AEA Technlgy The prblem under study cncerned the apparent discrepancy between a series f experiments using a plate fin heat exchanger and the classical thery
More informationBuoyancy Effect on the Fully Developed Air Flow in Concentric Inclined Annulus
Internatinal Jurnal f Mechanical & Mechatrnics Engineering IJMME-IJENS Vl:3 N:0 46 Buyancy Effect n the Fully Develped Air Flw in Cncentric Inclined Annulus Asmaa Ali Hussein Lecturer Fundatin Of Technical
More informationVane geometry effect on lubrication conditions between vane tip and cam-ring in hydraulic vane machines
Internatinal Jurnal f Mechanical Engineering and Applicatins 015; 3(1-): 1-10 Published nline Nvember 3, 014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggrup.cm/j/ijmea) di: 10.11648/j.ijmea.s.01503010.11 ISSN: 330-03X
More information3. Mass Transfer with Chemical Reaction
8 3. Mass Transfer with Chemical Reactin 3. Mass Transfer with Chemical Reactin In the fllwing, the fundamentals f desrptin with chemical reactin, which are applied t the prblem f CO 2 desrptin in ME distillers,
More informationDesign and Analysis of Gas Turbine Blade by Potential Flow Approach
V. Vijaya kumar et al Int. Jurnal f Engineering Research and Applicatins RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Design and Analysis f Gas Turbine Blade by Ptential Flw Apprach V. Vijaya Kumar 1, R. Lalitha Narayana
More informationCOMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 85 (1991) NORTH-HOLLAND
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING 85 (1991) 207-217 NORTH-HOLLAND ON THE DOWNSTREAM BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR THE VORTICITY-STREAM FUNCTION FORMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL INCOMPRESSIBLE
More informationON THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN METHODS FOR IMPROOVING THE GEAR TRANSMISSION PERFORMANCES
ON THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN METHODS FOR IMPROOVING THE GEAR TRANSMISSION PERFORMANCES Flavia Chira 1, Mihai Banica 1, Dinu Sticvici 1 1 Assc.Prf., PhD. Eng., Nrth University f Baia Mare, e-mail: Flavia.Chira@ubm.r
More informationDerailment Safety Evaluation by Analytic Equations
PAPER Derailment Safety Evaluatin by Analytic Equatins Hideyuki TAKAI General Manager, Track Technlgy Div. Hirnari MURAMATSU Assistant Senir Researcher, Track Gemetry & Maintenance, Track Technlgy Div.
More informationCourse Stabilty of Structures
Curse Stabilty f Structures Lecture ntes 2015.03.06 abut 3D beams, sme preliminaries (1:st rder thery) Trsin, 1:st rder thery 3D beams 2:nd rder thery Trsinal buckling Cupled buckling mdes, eamples Numerical
More informationA Few Basic Facts About Isothermal Mass Transfer in a Binary Mixture
Few asic Facts but Isthermal Mass Transfer in a inary Miture David Keffer Department f Chemical Engineering University f Tennessee first begun: pril 22, 2004 last updated: January 13, 2006 dkeffer@utk.edu
More informationEDA Engineering Design & Analysis Ltd
EDA Engineering Design & Analysis Ltd THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD A shrt tutrial giving an verview f the histry, thery and applicatin f the finite element methd. Intrductin Value f FEM Applicatins Elements
More informationFigure 1a. A planar mechanism.
ME 5 - Machine Design I Fall Semester 0 Name f Student Lab Sectin Number EXAM. OPEN BOOK AND CLOSED NOTES. Mnday, September rd, 0 Write n ne side nly f the paper prvided fr yur slutins. Where necessary,
More informationAdvanced Heat and Mass Transfer by Amir Faghri, Yuwen Zhang, and John R. Howell
6.5 Natural Cnvectin in Enclsures Enclsures are finite spaces bunded by walls and filled with fluid. Natural cnvectin in enclsures, als knwn as internal cnvectin, takes place in rms and buildings, furnaces,
More informationthe results to larger systems due to prop'erties of the projection algorithm. First, the number of hidden nodes must
M.E. Aggune, M.J. Dambrg, M.A. El-Sharkawi, R.J. Marks II and L.E. Atlas, "Dynamic and static security assessment f pwer systems using artificial neural netwrks", Prceedings f the NSF Wrkshp n Applicatins
More informationKinematic transformation of mechanical behavior Neville Hogan
inematic transfrmatin f mechanical behavir Neville Hgan Generalized crdinates are fundamental If we assume that a linkage may accurately be described as a cllectin f linked rigid bdies, their generalized
More informationIncreasing Heat Transfer in Microchannels with Surface Acoustic Waves*
Increasing Heat Transfer in Micrchannels with Surface Acustic Waves* Shaun Berry 0/9/04 *This wrk was spnsred by the Department f the Air Frce under Air Frce Cntract #FA87-05-C-000. Opinins, interpretatins,
More informationImplementation of Spur Dikes to Reduce Bank Erosion of Temporary Diversion Channels During Barrages Construction
Australian Jurnal f Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(4): 3190-3205, 2009 ISSN 1991-8178 Implementatin f Spur Dikes t Reduce Bank Ersin f Temprary Diversin Channels During Barrages Cnstructin 1 2 3 4 Ali Talaat,
More informationA mathematical model for complete stress-strain curve prediction of permeable concrete
A mathematical mdel fr cmplete stress-strain curve predictin f permeable cncrete M. K. Hussin Y. Zhuge F. Bullen W. P. Lkuge Faculty f Engineering and Surveying, University f Suthern Queensland, Twmba,
More informationLeast Squares Optimal Filtering with Multirate Observations
Prc. 36th Asilmar Cnf. n Signals, Systems, and Cmputers, Pacific Grve, CA, Nvember 2002 Least Squares Optimal Filtering with Multirate Observatins Charles W. herrien and Anthny H. Hawes Department f Electrical
More informationCS 477/677 Analysis of Algorithms Fall 2007 Dr. George Bebis Course Project Due Date: 11/29/2007
CS 477/677 Analysis f Algrithms Fall 2007 Dr. Gerge Bebis Curse Prject Due Date: 11/29/2007 Part1: Cmparisn f Srting Algrithms (70% f the prject grade) The bjective f the first part f the assignment is
More informationAnalysis of the Effect of Die Angle Variation on the Behavior of Temperature Profile in Extrusion Process by using ANSYS Poly Flow Software
.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 Vlume-7, Issue-3, May-June 2017 Internatinal Jurnal f Engineering and Management Research Page Number: 494-500 Analysis f the Effect f Die Angle
More informationTHE TOPOLOGY OF SURFACE SKIN FRICTION AND VORTICITY FIELDS IN WALL-BOUNDED FLOWS
THE TOPOLOGY OF SURFACE SKIN FRICTION AND VORTICITY FIELDS IN WALL-BOUNDED FLOWS M.S. Chng Department f Mechanical Engineering The University f Melburne Victria 3010 AUSTRALIA min@unimelb.edu.au J.P. Mnty
More informationCHAPTER 24: INFERENCE IN REGRESSION. Chapter 24: Make inferences about the population from which the sample data came.
MATH 1342 Ch. 24 April 25 and 27, 2013 Page 1 f 5 CHAPTER 24: INFERENCE IN REGRESSION Chapters 4 and 5: Relatinships between tw quantitative variables. Be able t Make a graph (scatterplt) Summarize the
More informationCharacteristics of a Confined Annular Jet Flow Field
Characteristics f a Cnfined Annular Jet Flw Field Khaled J. Hammad, Ivana Milanvic, Nidal Al-Masud Abstract The flw field characteristics f a cnfined annular jet were studied by numerically slving the
More informationEXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT OF OUTFLOW OPENING FOR PREDICTING CROSS-VENTILATION FLOW RATE
EXPERIMENTAL STUD ON DISCHARGE COEFFICIENT OF OUTFLOW OPENING FOR PREDICTING CROSS-VENTILATION FLOW RATE Tmnbu Gt, Masaaki Ohba, Takashi Kurabuchi 2, Tmyuki End 3, shihik Akamine 4, and Tshihir Nnaka 2
More informationSupporting information
Electrnic Supplementary Material (ESI) fr Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics This jurnal is The wner Scieties 01 ydrgen perxide electrchemistry n platinum: twards understanding the xygen reductin reactin
More information39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit January 8 11, 2001/Reno, NV
AIAA 21 573 Investigatin f Nn-Linear Flutter by a Cupled Aerdynamics and Structural Dynamics Methd Mani Sadeghi and Feng Liu Department f Mechanical and Aerspace Engineering University f Califrnia, Irvine,
More informationNUROP CONGRESS PAPER CHINESE PINYIN TO CHINESE CHARACTER CONVERSION
NUROP Chinese Pinyin T Chinese Character Cnversin NUROP CONGRESS PAPER CHINESE PINYIN TO CHINESE CHARACTER CONVERSION CHIA LI SHI 1 AND LUA KIM TENG 2 Schl f Cmputing, Natinal University f Singapre 3 Science
More informationNumerical study on flow separation control over NACA0015 aerofoil using electromagnetic fields
THEORETIAL & APPLIE MEHANIS LETTERS 3 53 (13) study n flw separatin cntrl ver NAA15 aerfil using electrmagnetic fields Ahmad Sedaghat 1 a) and Mhammad Ali Badri 1) epartment f Mechanical Engineering Isfahan
More informationModule 4: General Formulation of Electric Circuit Theory
Mdule 4: General Frmulatin f Electric Circuit Thery 4. General Frmulatin f Electric Circuit Thery All electrmagnetic phenmena are described at a fundamental level by Maxwell's equatins and the assciated
More informationInvestigating the lift force of a toy helicopter
Investigating the lift frce f a ty helicpter I am an active member f my schl s aernautics club. We ccasinally fly gas pwered mdel aircraft and we spend endless hurs at the realistic cntrls f a cmputer
More informationBuilding to Transformations on Coordinate Axis Grade 5: Geometry Graph points on the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
Building t Transfrmatins n Crdinate Axis Grade 5: Gemetry Graph pints n the crdinate plane t slve real-wrld and mathematical prblems. 5.G.1. Use a pair f perpendicular number lines, called axes, t define
More informationKinetics of Particles. Chapter 3
Kinetics f Particles Chapter 3 1 Kinetics f Particles It is the study f the relatins existing between the frces acting n bdy, the mass f the bdy, and the mtin f the bdy. It is the study f the relatin between
More informationDesign Optimization of Multi Element High Lift Configurations. Using a Viscous Continuous Adjoint Method
Design Optimizatin f Multi Element High Lift Cnfiguratins Using a Viscus Cntinuus Adjint Methd Sangh Kim, Juan J. Alns, and Antny Jamesn Stanfrd University, Stanfrd, CA 94305 ABSTRACT An adjint-based Navier-Stkes
More informationChaotic behavior of the piccolo
Buens Aires 5 t 9 September, 2016 Acustics fr the 21 st Century PROCEEDINGS f the 22 nd Internatinal Cngress n Acustics Numerical Cmputatin in Musical Acustics: Paper ICA2016-54 Chatic behavir f the piccl
More informationES201 - Examination 2 Winter Adams and Richards NAME BOX NUMBER
ES201 - Examinatin 2 Winter 2003-2004 Adams and Richards NAME BOX NUMBER Please Circle One : Richards (Perid 4) ES201-01 Adams (Perid 4) ES201-02 Adams (Perid 6) ES201-03 Prblem 1 ( 12 ) Prblem 2 ( 24
More informationEngineering Approach to Modelling Metal THz Structures
Terahertz Science and Technlgy, ISSN 1941-7411 Vl.4, N.1, March 11 Invited Paper ngineering Apprach t Mdelling Metal THz Structures Stepan Lucyszyn * and Yun Zhu Department f, Imperial Cllege Lndn, xhibitin
More informationSPH3U1 Lesson 06 Kinematics
PROJECTILE MOTION LEARNING GOALS Students will: Describe the mtin f an bject thrwn at arbitrary angles thrugh the air. Describe the hrizntal and vertical mtins f a prjectile. Slve prjectile mtin prblems.
More informationComputational modeling techniques
Cmputatinal mdeling techniques Lecture 4: Mdel checing fr ODE mdels In Petre Department f IT, Åb Aademi http://www.users.ab.fi/ipetre/cmpmd/ Cntent Stichimetric matrix Calculating the mass cnservatin relatins
More informationAerodynamic Separability in Tip Speed Ratio and Separability in Wind Speed- a Comparison
Jurnal f Physics: Cnference Series OPEN ACCESS Aerdynamic Separability in Tip Speed Rati and Separability in Wind Speed- a Cmparisn T cite this article: M L Gala Sants et al 14 J. Phys.: Cnf. Ser. 555
More informationFebruary 28, 2013 COMMENTS ON DIFFUSION, DIFFUSIVITY AND DERIVATION OF HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS DESCRIBING THE DIFFUSION PHENOMENA
February 28, 2013 COMMENTS ON DIFFUSION, DIFFUSIVITY AND DERIVATION OF HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS DESCRIBING THE DIFFUSION PHENOMENA Mental Experiment regarding 1D randm walk Cnsider a cntainer f gas in thermal
More informationAPEX DYNAMICS, INC. Stainless
APE DYNAMICS, INC. HIGH PRECISION PLANETARY GEARBO AB / ABR Series Stainless High precisin planetary gearbx AB / ABR series Apex Dynamics, Inc. is the wrld s mst prductive manufacturer f servmtr drive
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CHLORIDE DIFFUSION IN REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH CRACKS
VIII Internatinal Cnference n Fracture Mechanics f Cnete and Cnete Structures FraMCS-8 J.G.M. Van Mier, G. Ruiz, C. Andrade, R.C. Yu and X.X. Zhang (Eds) NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CHLORIDE DIFFUSION IN REINFORCED
More informationTHE PARTITION OF ENERGY INTO WAVES AND CURRENTS
THE PARTITION OF ENERGY INTO WAVES AND CURRENTS W. Perrie, C. Tang, Y. Hu and B.M. DeTracy Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedfrd Institute f Oceangraphy, Dartmuth, Nva Sctia, Canada 1. INTRODUCTION Ocean mdels
More information^YawataR&D Laboratory, Nippon Steel Corporation, Tobata, Kitakyushu, Japan
Detectin f fatigue crack initiatin frm a ntch under a randm lad C. Makabe," S. Nishida^C. Urashima,' H. Kaneshir* "Department f Mechanical Systems Engineering, University f the Ryukyus, Nishihara, kinawa,
More informationMethods for Determination of Mean Speckle Size in Simulated Speckle Pattern
0.478/msr-04-004 MEASUREMENT SCENCE REVEW, Vlume 4, N. 3, 04 Methds fr Determinatin f Mean Speckle Size in Simulated Speckle Pattern. Hamarvá, P. Šmíd, P. Hrváth, M. Hrabvský nstitute f Physics f the Academy
More informationDispersion of Contaminants in the Ocean
Dispersin f Cntaminants in the Ocean André Luiz da Fnseca Fadel 1, Jã Trnvsky 2 and Flávi Martins de Queirz Guimarães 2 1 Petrbras/CENPES, Cidade Universitaria, Ri de Janeir / RJ - Brasil 2 Chemtech Engenharia,
More informationShort notes for Heat transfer
Furier s Law f Heat Cnductin Shrt ntes fr Heat transfer Q = Heat transfer in given directin. A = Crss-sectinal area perpendicular t heat flw directin. dt = Temperature difference between tw ends f a blck
More informationUnit code: H/ QCF level: 5 Credit value: 15 OUTCOME 3 - STATIC AND DYNAMIC FLUID SYSTEMS TUTORIAL 3 - VISCOSITY
Unit 43: Plant and Prcess Principles Unit cde: H/601 44 QCF level: 5 Credit value: 15 OUTCOME 3 - STATIC AND DYNAMIC FLUID SYSTEMS TUTORIAL 3 - VISCOSITY 3 Understand static and namic fluid systems with
More informationELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING OF AN ANISOTROPIC PLASMA. December 4, PLP No. 322
ELECTRON CYCLOTRON HEATING OF AN ANISOTROPIC PLASMA by J. C. SPROTT December 4, 1969 PLP N. 3 These PLP Reprts are infrmal and preliminary and as such may cntain errrs nt yet eliminated. They are fr private
More informationFabrication Thermal Test. Methodology for a Safe Cask Thermal Performance
ENSA (Grup SEPI) Fabricatin Thermal Test. Methdlgy fr a Safe Cask Thermal Perfrmance IAEA Internatinal Cnference n the Management f Spent Fuel frm Nuclear Pwer Reactrs An Integrated Apprach t the Back-End
More informationIntroductory Thoughts
Flw Similarity By using the Buckingham pi therem, we have reduced the number f independent variables frm five t tw If we wish t run a series f wind-tunnel tests fr a given bdy at a given angle f attack,
More informationA Study on Pullout Strength of Cast-in-place Anchor bolt in Concrete under High Temperature
Transactins f the 7 th Internatinal Cnference n Structural Mechanics in Reactr Technlgy (SMiRT 7) Prague, Czech Republic, August 7 22, 23 Paper #H-2 A Study n Pullut Strength f Cast-in-place Anchr blt
More informationENSC Discrete Time Systems. Project Outline. Semester
ENSC 49 - iscrete Time Systems Prject Outline Semester 006-1. Objectives The gal f the prject is t design a channel fading simulatr. Upn successful cmpletin f the prject, yu will reinfrce yur understanding
More informationand for compressible flow
57: Mechanics Flids and Transprt Prcesses Chapter 9 Pressr Fred Stern Typed by Stephanie Schrader Fall 999 9.5 Qantitative Relatins r the Trblent Bndary ayer Descriptin Trblent Flw V and p are randm nctins
More information2D Turbulent Jets on Rough and Smooth Boundaries
IOSR Jurnal f Envirnmental Science, Txiclgy and Fd Technlgy (IOSR-JESTFT) e-issn: 39-,p- ISSN: 39-399.Vlume, Issue Ver. I (April. ), PP 7- www.isrjurnals.rg D Turbulent Jets n Rugh and Smth Bundaries Shazy
More informationChapter 39. A GUIDE TO THE DESIGN OP AIR BUBBLERS FOR MELTING ICE Simon Ince Hydraulics Section, National Research Council Ottawa, Canada
Chapter 39 A GUIDE T THE DESIGN P AIR BUBBLERS FR MELTING ICE Simn Ince Hydraulics Sectin, Natinal Research Cuncil ttawa, Canada INTRDUCTIN The use f air bubblers fr maintaining ice-free areas in lakes
More informationLinearization of the Output of a Wheatstone Bridge for Single Active Sensor. Madhu Mohan N., Geetha T., Sankaran P. and Jagadeesh Kumar V.
Linearizatin f the Output f a Wheatstne Bridge fr Single Active Sensr Madhu Mhan N., Geetha T., Sankaran P. and Jagadeesh Kumar V. Dept. f Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute f Technlgy Madras, Chennai
More informationOF SIMPLY SUPPORTED PLYWOOD PLATES UNDER COMBINED EDGEWISE BENDING AND COMPRESSION
U. S. FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH PAPER FPL 50 DECEMBER U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED PLYWOOD PLATES UNDER COMBINED EDGEWISE BENDING AND COMPRESSION
More informationROUNDING ERRORS IN BEAM-TRACKING CALCULATIONS
Particle Acceleratrs, 1986, Vl. 19, pp. 99-105 0031-2460/86/1904-0099/$15.00/0 1986 Grdn and Breach, Science Publishers, S.A. Printed in the United States f America ROUNDING ERRORS IN BEAM-TRACKING CALCULATIONS
More informationFill in your name and ID No. in the space above. There should be 11 pages (including this page and the last page which is a formula page).
ENGR -503 Name: Final Exam, Sem. 03C ID N.: /6/003 3:30 5:30 p.m. Rm N.: 7B Fill in yur name and ID N. in the space abve. There shuld be pages (including this page and the last page which is a frmula page).
More informationI. Analytical Potential and Field of a Uniform Rod. V E d. The definition of electric potential difference is
Length L>>a,b,c Phys 232 Lab 4 Ch 17 Electric Ptential Difference Materials: whitebards & pens, cmputers with VPythn, pwer supply & cables, multimeter, crkbard, thumbtacks, individual prbes and jined prbes,
More informationMöö-0%**JLJL3ö
UBBWT5TW" ' I-.' '.. ' 1 " ' '! " A/ O 2 NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS TECHNICAL NOTE 2750 MATRIX AND RELAXATION SOLUTIONS THAT DETERMINE SUBSONIC THROUGH FLOW IN AN AXIAL-FLOW GAS TURBINE
More informationNATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER FROM A HEAT SINK WITH FINS OF DIFFERENT CONFIGURATION
Internatinal Jurnal f Innvatin and Applied Studies ISSN 2028-9324 Vl. 9 N. 3 Nv. 2014, pp. 1043-1047 2014 Innvative Space f Scientific Research Jurnals http://www.ijias.issr-jurnals.rg/ NATURAL CONVECTION
More informationCOASTAL ENGINEERING Chapter 2
CASTAL ENGINEERING Chapter 2 GENERALIZED WAVE DIFFRACTIN DIAGRAMS J. W. Jhnsn Assciate Prfessr f Mechanical Engineering University f Califrnia Berkeley, Califrnia INTRDUCTIN Wave diffractin is the phenmenn
More informationSEISMIC STABILITY ANALYSIS OF FOOTING ADJACENT TO SLOPES BY SLIP LINE METHOD
The 4 th Wrld Cnference n Earthquake Engineering Octber -7, 008, Beijing, China SEISMIC STABILITY ANALYSIS OF FOOTING ADJACENT TO SLOPES BY SLIP LINE METHOD ABSTRACT : M. Jahanandish and M.R. Arvin Assciate
More informationbulk velocity through orifice,
150A Review Sessin Other Frictin Lsses Bernulli hf accunts fr all types f drag: is drag due t skin frictin is drag due t fittings (tabulated fractin f the velcity head) is drag due t units (a given r calculated
More information1.1 The main transmission network of Eskom The classical two generator model 11
LIST OF FIGURS Figure Page 1.1 The main transmissin netwrk f skm 4 2.1 The classical tw generatr mdel 11 2.2 Obtaining the lcatin f the electrical centre. The line cnnecting A with B represents the netwrk
More informationMarsland Press Jurnal f American Science ;6( cmpared the perfrmance characteristics f endreversible and irreversible reciprcating Diesel, Ott, Atkinsn
Marsland Press Jurnal f American Science ;6( Perfrmance f an endreversible Atkinsn cycle with variable specific heat rati f wrking fluid Rahim Ebrahimi Department f Agriculture Machine Mechanics, Shahrekrd
More informationFree Vibrations of Catenary Risers with Internal Fluid
Prceeding Series f the Brazilian Sciety f Applied and Cmputatinal Mathematics, Vl. 4, N. 1, 216. Trabalh apresentad n DINCON, Natal - RN, 215. Prceeding Series f the Brazilian Sciety f Cmputatinal and
More informationExperimental Study of Heat Transfer to Flowing Air inside a Circular Tube with Longitudinal Continuous and Interrupted Fins
Jurnal f Electrnics Cling and Thermal Cntrl, 01,, 1-16 http://dx.di.rg/10.436/jectc.01.1001 Published Online March 01 (http://www.scirp.rg/jurnal/jectc) 1 Experimental Study f Heat Transfer t Flwing Air
More informationTHERMAL-VACUUM VERSUS THERMAL- ATMOSPHERIC TESTS OF ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLIES
PREFERRED RELIABILITY PAGE 1 OF 5 PRACTICES PRACTICE NO. PT-TE-1409 THERMAL-VACUUM VERSUS THERMAL- ATMOSPHERIC Practice: Perfrm all thermal envirnmental tests n electrnic spaceflight hardware in a flight-like
More informationIce Accretion Prediction Code
Ice Accretin Predictin Cde Vladimír Hrák University f Defence Institute f Hydrdynamics, Academy f Sciences Czech Republic 1 Dedicated t the memry f Dr. Bhumír Hření 2 Mtivatin The in-flight icing may affect
More informationSimulation of Line Outage Distribution Factors (L.O.D.F) Calculation for N-Buses System
Simulatin f Line Outage Distributin Factrs (L.O.D.F) Calculatin fr N-Buses System Rashid H. AL-Rubayi Department f Electrical Engineering, University f Technlgy Afaneen A. Abd Department f Electrical Engineering,
More informationThermodynamics Partial Outline of Topics
Thermdynamics Partial Outline f Tpics I. The secnd law f thermdynamics addresses the issue f spntaneity and invlves a functin called entrpy (S): If a prcess is spntaneus, then Suniverse > 0 (2 nd Law!)
More informationANALYTICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOUR OF BACTERIAL CONCRETE
Internatinal Jurnal f Civil Engineering and Technlgy (IJCIET) Vlume 9, Issue 11, Nvember 018, pp. 383 393, Article ID: IJCIET_09_11_38 Available nline at http://www.iaeme.cm/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=9&itype=11
More informationMODULE 1. e x + c. [You can t separate a demominator, but you can divide a single denominator into each numerator term] a + b a(a + b)+1 = a + b
. REVIEW OF SOME BASIC ALGEBRA MODULE () Slving Equatins Yu shuld be able t slve fr x: a + b = c a d + e x + c and get x = e(ba +) b(c a) d(ba +) c Cmmn mistakes and strategies:. a b + c a b + a c, but
More informationGENESIS Structural Optimization for ANSYS Mechanical
P3 STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION (Vl. II) GENESIS Structural Optimizatin fr ANSYS Mechanical An Integrated Extensin that adds Structural Optimizatin t ANSYS Envirnment New Features and Enhancements Release 2017.03
More informationPhys101 Final Code: 1 Term: 132 Wednesday, May 21, 2014 Page: 1
Phys101 Final Cde: 1 Term: 1 Wednesday, May 1, 014 Page: 1 Q1. A car accelerates at.0 m/s alng a straight rad. It passes tw marks that are 0 m apart at times t = 4.0 s and t = 5.0 s. Find the car s velcity
More informationAPPLICATION OF THE BRATSETH SCHEME FOR HIGH LATITUDE INTERMITTENT DATA ASSIMILATION USING THE PSU/NCAR MM5 MESOSCALE MODEL
JP2.11 APPLICATION OF THE BRATSETH SCHEME FOR HIGH LATITUDE INTERMITTENT DATA ASSIMILATION USING THE PSU/NCAR MM5 MESOSCALE MODEL Xingang Fan * and Jeffrey S. Tilley University f Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks,
More informationChapter 2 GAUSS LAW Recommended Problems:
Chapter GAUSS LAW Recmmended Prblems: 1,4,5,6,7,9,11,13,15,18,19,1,7,9,31,35,37,39,41,43,45,47,49,51,55,57,61,6,69. LCTRIC FLUX lectric flux is a measure f the number f electric filed lines penetrating
More informationPower Formulas for Various Energy Resources and Their Application
EP@BHS-TOPIC 2: Energy, UNIT2.2: Energy Cnversin and Efficiency Page 1 UNIT 2.2 Energy Cnversin and Efficiency Purpse Once energy resurces are effectively utilized, cnversin t ther frms f energy is necessary
More informationSOLUTION OF THREE-CONSTRAINT ENTROPY-BASED VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION
SOLUTION OF THREECONSTRAINT ENTROPYBASED VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION By D. E. Barbe,' J. F. Cruise, 2 and V. P. Singh, 3 Members, ASCE ABSTRACT: A twdimensinal velcity prfile based upn the principle f maximum
More informationCHAPTER 8b Static Equilibrium Units
CHAPTER 8b Static Equilibrium Units The Cnditins fr Equilibrium Slving Statics Prblems Stability and Balance Elasticity; Stress and Strain The Cnditins fr Equilibrium An bject with frces acting n it, but
More informationx 1 Outline IAML: Logistic Regression Decision Boundaries Example Data
Outline IAML: Lgistic Regressin Charles Suttn and Victr Lavrenk Schl f Infrmatics Semester Lgistic functin Lgistic regressin Learning lgistic regressin Optimizatin The pwer f nn-linear basis functins Least-squares
More informationSections 15.1 to 15.12, 16.1 and 16.2 of the textbook (Robbins-Miller) cover the materials required for this topic.
Tpic : AC Fundamentals, Sinusidal Wavefrm, and Phasrs Sectins 5. t 5., 6. and 6. f the textbk (Rbbins-Miller) cver the materials required fr this tpic.. Wavefrms in electrical systems are current r vltage
More information