RL.2.3. Describe how characters in a story respond to major events and challenges

Transcription

1 Literature 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Key Ideas and Details Key Ideas and Details Key Ideas and Details RL.1.1. Ask and answer questins abut key details in a text. RL.1.2. Retell stries, including key details, and demnstrate understanding f their central message r lessn. RL.1.3. Describe characters, settings, and majr events in a stry, using key details RL.1.4. Identify wrds and phrases in stries r pems that suggest feelings r appeal t the senses. RL.1.5. Explain majr differences between bks that tell stries and bks that give infrmatin, drawing n a wide reading f a range f text types. RL.1.6. Identify wh is telling the stry at varius pints in a text. RL.2.1. Ask and answer such questins as wh, what, where, when, why, and hw t demnstrate understanding f key details in a text. RL.2.2. Recunt stries, including fables and flktales frm diverse cultures, and determine their central message, lessn, r mral. RL.2.3. Describe hw characters in a stry respnd t majr events and challenges RL.3.1. Ask and answer questins t demnstrate understanding f a text, referring explicitly t the text as the basis fr the answers. RL.3.2. Recunt stries, including fables, flktales, and myths frm diverse cultures; determine the central message, lessn, r mral and explain hw it is cnveyed thrugh key details in the text. RL.3.3. Describe characters in a stry (e.g., their traits, mtivatins, r feelings) and explain hw their actins cntribute t the sequence f events. Craft and Structure Craft and Structure Craft and Structure RL.2.4. Describe hw wrds and phrases (e.g., regular beats, alliteratin, rhymes, repeated lines) supply rhythm and meaning in a stry, pem, r sng. RL.2.5. Describe the verall structure f a stry, including describing hw the beginning intrduces the stry and the ending cncludes the actin. RL.2.6. Acknwledge differences in the pints f view f characters, including by speaking in a different vice fr each character when reading dialgue alud. RL.3.4. Determine the meaning f wrds and phrases as they are used in a text, distinguishing literal frm nnliteral language. RL.3.5. Refer t parts f stries, dramas, and pems when writing r speaking abut a text, using terms such as chapter, scene, and stanza; describe hw each successive part builds n earlier sectins. RL.3.6. Distinguish their wn pint f view frm that f the narratr r thse f the characters. Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas RL.1.7. Use illustratins and details in a stry t describe its characters, setting, r events. RL.1.8. (Nt applicable t literature) RL.1.9. Cmpare and cntrast the adventures and experiences f characters in stries. RL.2.7. Use infrmatin gained frm the illustratins and wrds in a print r digital text t demnstrate understanding f its characters, setting, r plt. RL.2.8. (Nt applicable t literature) RL.2.9. Cmpare and cntrast tw r mre versins f the same stry (e.g., Cinderella stries) by different authrs r frm different cultures. RL.3.7. Explain hw specific aspects f a text s illustratins cntribute t what is cnveyed by the wrds in a stry (e.g., create md, emphasize aspects f a character r setting). RL.3.8. (Nt applicable t literature) RL.3.9. Cmpare and cntrast the themes, settings, and plts f stries written by the same authr abut the same r similar characters (e.g., in bks 1

2 frm a series). Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity Range f Reading and Cmplexity f Text RL With prmpting and supprt, read prse and petry f apprpriate cmplexity fr grade 1. RL By the end f the year, read and cmprehend literature, including stries and petry, in the grades 2 3 text cmplexity band prficiently, with scafflding as needed at the high end f the range. RL By the end f the year, read and cmprehend literature, including stries, dramas, and petry, at the high end f the grades 2 3 text cmplexity band independently and prficiently. Infrmatinal Text 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Key Ideas and Details Key Ideas and Details Key Ideas and Details RI.1.1. Ask and answer questins abut key details in a text. RI.1.2. Identify the main tpic and retell key details f a text. RI.1.3. Describe the cnnectin between tw individuals, events, ideas, r pieces f infrmatin in a text. RI.2.1. Ask and answer such questins as wh, what, where, when, why, and hw t demnstrate understanding f key details in a text. RI.2.2. Identify the main tpic f a multiparagraph text as well as the fcus f specific paragraphs within the text. RI.2.3. Describe the cnnectin between a series f histrical events, scientific ideas r cncepts, r steps in technical prcedures in a text. RI.3.1. Ask and answer questins t demnstrate understanding f a text, referring explicitly t the text as the basis fr the answers. RI.3.2. Determine the main idea f a text; recunt the key details and explain hw they supprt the main idea. RI.3.3. Describe the relatinship between a series f histrical events, scientific ideas r cncepts, r steps in technical prcedures in a text, using language that pertains t time, sequence, and cause/effect. Craft and Structure Craft and Structure Craft and Structure RI.2.4. Determine the meaning f wrds and phrases in a text relevant t a grade 2 tpic r subject area. RI.1.4. Ask and answer questins t help determine r clarify the meaning f wrds and phrases in a text. RI.1.5. Knw and use varius text features (e.g., headings, tables f cntents, glssaries, electrnic menus, icns) t lcate key facts r infrmatin in a text. RI.1.6. Distinguish between infrmatin prvided by pictures r ther illustratins and infrmatin prvided by the wrds in a text. RI.2.5. Knw and use varius text features (e.g., captins, bld print, subheadings, glssaries, indexes, electrnic menus, icns) t lcate key facts r infrmatin in a text efficiently. RI.2.6. Identify the main purpse f a text, including what the authr wants t answer, explain, r describe. RI.3.4. Determine the meaning f general academic and dmain-specific wrds and phrases in a text relevant t a grade 3 tpic r subject area. RI.3.5. Use text features and search tls (e.g., key wrds, sidebars, hyperlinks) t lcate infrmatin relevant t a given tpic efficiently. RI.3.6. Distinguish their wn pint f view frm that f the authr f a text. 2

3 Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas Integratin f Knwledge and Ideas RI.1.7. Use the illustratins and details in a text t describe its key ideas. RI.1.8. Identify the reasns an authr gives t supprt pints in a text. RI.1.9. Identify basic similarities in and differences between tw texts n the same tpic (e.g., in illustratins, descriptins, r prcedures). RI.2.7. Explain hw specific images (e.g., a diagram shwing hw a machine wrks) cntribute t and clarify a text. RI.2.8. Describe hw reasns supprt specific pints the authr makes in a text. RI.2.9. Cmpare and cntrast the mst imprtant pints presented by tw texts n the same tpic. RI.3.7. Use infrmatin gained frm illustratins (e.g., maps, phtgraphs) and the wrds in a text t demnstrate understanding f the text (e.g., where, when, why, and hw key events ccur). RI.3.8. Describe the lgical cnnectin between particular sentences and paragraphs in a text (e.g., cmparisn, cause/effect, first/secnd/third in a sequence). RI.3.9. Cmpare and cntrast the mst imprtant pints and key details presented in tw texts n the same tpic. Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity Range f Reading and Level f Text Cmplexity RI With prmpting and supprt, read infrmatinal texts apprpriately cmplex fr grade 1. RI By the end f year, read and cmprehend infrmatinal texts, including histry/scial studies, science, and technical texts, in the grades 2 3 text cmplexity band prficiently, with scafflding as needed at the high end f the range. RI By the end f the year, read and cmprehend infrmatinal texts, including histry/scial studies, science, and technical texts, at the high end f the grades 2 3 text cmplexity band independently and prficiently. Fundatinal Skills 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Print Cncepts RF.1.1. Demnstrate understanding f the rganizatin and basic features f print. Recgnize the distinguishing features f a sentence (e.g., first wrd, capitalizatin, ending punctuatin). Phnlgical Awareness RF.1.2. Demnstrate understanding f spken wrds, syllables, and sunds (phnemes). Distinguish lng frm shrt vwel sunds in spken single-syllable wrds. 3

4 Orally prduce single-syllable wrds by blending sunds (phnemes), including cnsnant blends. Islate and prnunce initial, medial vwel, and final sunds (phnemes) in spken single-syllable wrds. Segment spken single-syllable wrds int their cmplete sequence f individual sunds (phnemes). Phnics and Wrd Recgnitin Phnics and Wrd Recgnitin Phnics and Wrd Recgnitin RF.1.3. Knw and apply grade-level phnics and wrd analysis skills in decding wrds. RF.2.3. Knw and apply grade-level phnics and wrd analysis skills in decding wrds. RF.3.3. Knw and apply grade-level phnics and wrd analysis skills in decding wrds. Knw the spelling-sund crrespndences fr cmmn cnsnant digraphs (tw letters that represent ne sund). Distinguish lng and shrt vwels when reading regularly spelled ne-syllable wrds. Identify and knw the meaning f the mst cmmn prefixes and derivatinal suffixes. Decde wrds with cmmn Decde regularly spelled ne-syllable wrds. Knw final -e and cmmn vwel team cnventins fr representing lng vwel sunds. Use knwledge that every syllable must have a vwel sund t determine the number f syllables in a printed wrd. Decde tw-syllable wrds fllwing basic patterns by breaking the wrds int syllables. Read wrds with inflectinal endings. Recgnize and read gradeapprpriate irregularly spelled wrds. Knw spelling-sund crrespndences fr additinal cmmn vwel teams. Decde regularly spelled twsyllable wrds with lng vwels. Decde wrds with cmmn prefixes and suffixes. Identify wrds with incnsistent but cmmn spelling-sund crrespndences. Recgnize and read gradeapprpriate irregularly spelled wrds. Latin suffixes. Decde multisyllable wrds. Read grade-apprpriate irregularly spelled wrds. 4

5 Fluency Fluency Fluency RF.1.4. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency t supprt cmprehensin. RF.2.4. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency t supprt cmprehensin. RF.3.4. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency t supprt cmprehensin. Read grade-level text with purpse and understanding. Read grade-level text with purpse and understanding. Read grade-level text with purpse and understanding. Read grade-level text rally with accuracy, apprpriate rate, and expressin. Read grade-level text rally with accuracy, apprpriate rate, and expressin. Read grade-level prse and petry rally with accuracy, apprpriate rate, and Use cntext t cnfirm r self-crrect wrd recgnitin and understanding, rereading as necessary. Use cntext t cnfirm r selfcrrect wrd recgnitin and understanding, rereading as necessary. expressin. Use cntext t cnfirm r selfcrrect wrd recgnitin and understanding, rereading as necessary. Writing 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Types and Purpses Types and Purpses Types and Purpses W.1.1. Write pinin pieces in which they intrduce the tpic r name the bk they are writing abut, state an pinin, supply a reasn fr the pinin, and prvide sme sense f clsure. W.2.1. Write pinin pieces in which they intrduce the tpic r bk they are writing abut, state an pinin, supply reasns that supprt the pinin, use linking wrds (e.g., because, and, als) t cnnect pinin and reasns, and prvide a cncluding statement r sectin. W.3.1. Write pinin pieces n tpics r texts, supprting a pint f view with reasns. Intrduce the tpic r text they are writing abut, state an pinin, and create an rganizatinal structure that lists reasns. Prvide reasns that supprt the pinin. Use linking wrds and phrases (e.g., because, therefre, since, fr example) t cnnect pinin and reasns. Prvide a cncluding statement r sectin. 5

6 W.1.2. Write infrmative/explanatry texts in which they name a tpic, supply sme facts abut the tpic, and prvide sme sense f clsure. W.1.3. Write narratives in which they recunt tw r mre apprpriately sequenced events, include sme details regarding what happened, use tempral wrds t signal event rder, and prvide sme sense f clsure. W.2.2. Write infrmative/explanatry texts in which they intrduce a tpic, use facts and definitins t develp pints, and prvide a cncluding statement r sectin. W.2.3. Write narratives in which they recunt a well-elabrated event r shrt sequence f events, include details t describe actins, thughts, and feelings, use tempral wrds t signal event rder, and prvide a sense f clsure. W.3.2. Write infrmative/explanatry texts t examine a tpic and cnvey ideas and infrmatin clearly. Intrduce a tpic and grup related infrmatin tgether; include illustratins when useful t aiding cmprehensin. Develp the tpic with facts, definitins, and details. Use linking wrds and phrases (e.g., als, anther, and, mre, but) t cnnect ideas within categries f infrmatin. Prvide a cncluding statement r sectin. W.3.3. Write narratives t develp real r imagined experiences r events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences. Establish a situatin and intrduce a narratr and/r characters; rganize an event sequence that unflds naturally. Use dialgue and descriptins f actins, thughts, and feelings t develp experiences and events r shw the respnse f characters t situatins. Use tempral wrds and phrases t signal event rder. Prvide a sense f clsure. Prductin and Distributin f Writing Prductin and Distributin f Writing Prductin and Distributin f Writing W.1.4. (Begins in grade 3) W.2.4. (Begins in grade 3) W.3.4. With guidance and supprt frm adults, prduce writing in which the develpment and rganizatin are apprpriate t task and purpse. (Grade-specific expectatins fr writing types are defined in standards 1 3 abve.) 6

7 W.1.5. With guidance and supprt frm adults, fcus n a tpic, respnd t questins and suggestins frm peers, and add details t strengthen writing as needed. W.1.6. With guidance and supprt frm adults, use a variety f digital tls t prduce and publish writing, including in cllabratin with peers. W.2.5. With guidance and supprt frm adults and peers, fcus n a tpic and strengthen writing as needed by revising and editing. W.3.5. With guidance and supprt frm peers and adults, develp and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, and editing. W.2.6. With guidance and supprt frm adults, use a variety f digital tls t prduce and publish writing, including in cllabratin with peers. W.3.6. With guidance and supprt frm adults, use technlgy t prduce and publish writing (using keybarding skills) as well as t interact and cllabrate with thers. Research t Build and Present Knwledge Research t Build and Present Knwledge Research t Build and Present Knwledge W.1.7. Participate in shared research and writing prjects (e.g., explre a number f hw-t bks n a given tpic and use them t write a sequence f instructins). W.1.8. With guidance and supprt frm adults, recall infrmatin frm experiences r gather infrmatin frm prvided surces t answer a questin. W.1.9. (Begins in grade 4) W.2.7. Participate in shared research and writing prjects (e.g., read a number f bks n a single tpic t prduce a reprt; recrd science bservatins). W.2.8. Recall infrmatin frm experiences r gather infrmatin frm prvided surces t answer a questin. W.3.7. Cnduct shrt research prjects that build knwledge abut a tpic. W.3.8. Recall infrmatin frm experiences r gather infrmatin frm print and digital surces; take brief ntes n surces and srt evidence int prvided categries. W.3.9. (Begins in grade 4) W.2.9. (Begins in grade 4) Range f Writing Range f Writing Range f Writing W (Begins in grade 3) W (Begins in grade 3) W Write rutinely ver extended time frames (time fr research, reflectin, and revisin) and shrter time frames (a single sitting r a day r tw) fr a range f discipline-specific tasks, purpses, and audiences. Speaking and Listening 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Cmprehensin and Cllabratin Cmprehensin and Cllabratin Cmprehensin and Cllabratin SL.1.1. Participate in cllabrative cnversatins with diverse partners abut grade 1 tpics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger grups. Fllw agreed-upn rules fr discussins (e.g., listening t SL.2.1. Participate in cllabrative cnversatins with diverse partners abut grade 2 tpics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger grups. Fllw agreed-upn rules fr discussins (e.g., gaining the SL.2.1. Participate in cllabrative cnversatins with diverse partners abut grade 2 tpics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger grups. Fllw agreed-upn rules fr discussins (e.g., gaining the 7

8 thers with care, speaking ne at a time abut the tpics and texts under discussin). Build n thers talk in cnversatins by respnding t the cmments f thers thrugh multiple exchanges. Ask questins t clear up any cnfusin abut the tpics and texts under discussin. flr in respectful ways, listening t thers with care, speaking ne at a time abut the tpics and texts under discussin). Build n thers talk in cnversatins by linking their cmments t the remarks f thers. Ask fr clarificatin and further explanatin as needed abut the tpics and texts under discussin. flr in respectful ways, listening t thers with care, speaking ne at a time abut the tpics and texts under discussin). Build n thers talk in cnversatins by linking their cmments t the remarks f thers. Ask fr clarificatin and further explanatin as needed abut the tpics and texts under discussin. SL.1.2. Ask and answer questins abut key details in a text read alud r infrmatin presented rally r thrugh ther media. SL.1.3. Ask and answer questins abut what a speaker says in rder t gather additinal infrmatin r clarify smething that is nt understd. SL.2.2. Recunt r describe key ideas r details frm a text read alud r infrmatin presented rally r thrugh ther media. SL.2.3. Ask and answer questins abut what a speaker says in rder t clarify cmprehensin, gather additinal infrmatin, r deepen understanding f a tpic r issue. SL.2.2. Recunt r describe key ideas r details frm a text read alud r infrmatin presented rally r thrugh ther media. SL.2.3. Ask and answer questins abut what a speaker says in rder t clarify cmprehensin, gather additinal infrmatin, r deepen understanding f a tpic r issue. Presentatin f Knwledge and Ideas Presentatin f Knwledge and Ideas Presentatin f Knwledge and Ideas SL.1.4. Describe peple, places, things, and events with relevant details, expressing ideas and feelings clearly. SL.1.5. Add drawings r ther visual displays t descriptins when apprpriate t clarify ideas, thughts, and feelings. SL.1.6. Prduce cmplete sentences when apprpriate t task and situatin. SL.2.4. Tell a stry r recunt an experience with apprpriate facts and relevant, descriptive details, speaking audibly in cherent sentences. SL.2.5. Create audi recrdings f stries r pems; add drawings r ther visual displays t stries r recunts f experiences when apprpriate t clarify ideas, thughts, and feelings. SL.2.6. Prduce cmplete sentences when apprpriate t task and situatin in rder t prvide requested detail r clarificatin. SL.2.4. Tell a stry r recunt an experience with apprpriate facts and relevant, descriptive details, speaking audibly in cherent sentences. SL.2.5. Create audi recrdings f stries r pems; add drawings r ther visual displays t stries r recunts f experiences when apprpriate t clarify ideas, thughts, and feelings. SL.2.6. Prduce cmplete sentences when apprpriate t task and situatin in rder t prvide requested detail r clarificatin. 8

9 Language 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Cnventins f Standard English Cnventins f Standard English Cnventins f Standard English L.1.1. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English grammar and usage when writing r speaking. Print all upper- and lwercase letters. Use cmmn, prper, and pssessive nuns. Use singular and plural nuns with matching verbs in basic sentences (e.g., He hps; We hp). Use persnal, pssessive, and indefinite prnuns (e.g., I, me, my; they, them, their, anyne, everything). Use verbs t cnvey a sense f past, present, and future (e.g., Yesterday I walked hme; Tday I walk hme; Tmrrw I will walk hme). Use frequently ccurring adjectives. Use frequently ccurring cnjunctins (e.g., and, but, r, s, because). Use determiners (e.g., articles, demnstratives). Use frequently ccurring prepsitins (e.g., during, beynd, tward). Prduce and expand cmplete simple and cmpund declarative, interrgative, imperative, and exclamatry sentences in respnse t prmpts. L.2.1. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English grammar and usage when writing r speaking. Use cllective nuns (e.g., grup). Frm and use frequently ccurring irregular plural nuns (e.g., feet, children, teeth, mice, fish). Use reflexive prnuns (e.g., myself, urselves). Frm and use the past tense f frequently ccurring irregular verbs (e.g., sat, hid, tld). Use adjectives and adverbs, and chse between them depending n what is t be mdified. Prduce, expand, and rearrange cmplete simple and cmpund sentences (e.g., The by watched the mvie; The little by watched the mvie; The actin mvie was watched by the little by). L.3.1. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English grammar and usage when writing r speaking. Explain the functin f nuns, prnuns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in general and their functins in particular sentences. Frm and use regular and irregular plural nuns. Use abstract nuns (e.g., childhd). Frm and use regular and irregular verbs. Frm and use the simple (e.g., I walked; I walk; I will walk) verb tenses. Ensure subject-verb and prnunantecedent agreement.* Frm and use cmparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs, and chse between them depending n what is t be mdified. Use crdinating and subrdinating cnjunctins. Prduce simple, cmpund, and cmplex sentences. 9

10 L.1.2. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English capitalizatin, punctuatin, and spelling when writing. Capitalize dates and names f peple. Use end punctuatin fr sentences. Use cmmas in dates and t separate single wrds in a series. Use cnventinal spelling fr wrds with cmmn spelling patterns and fr frequently ccurring irregular wrds. Spell untaught wrds phnetically, drawing n phnemic awareness and spelling cnventins. L.2.2. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English capitalizatin, punctuatin, and spelling when writing. Capitalize hlidays, prduct names, and gegraphic names. Use cmmas in greetings and clsings f letters. Use an apstrphe t frm cntractins and frequently ccurring pssessives. Generalize learned spelling patterns when writing wrds (e.g., cage badge; by bil). Cnsult reference materials, including beginning dictinaries, as needed t check and crrect spellings. L.3.2. Demnstrate cmmand f the cnventins f standard English capitalizatin, punctuatin, and spelling when writing. Capitalize apprpriate wrds in titles. Use cmmas in addresses. Use cmmas and qutatin marks in dialgue. Frm and use pssessives. Use cnventinal spelling fr high-frequency and ther studied wrds and fr adding suffixes t base wrds (e.g., sitting, smiled, cries, happiness). Use spelling patterns and generalizatins (e.g., wrd families, psitin-based spellings, syllable patterns, ending rules, meaningful wrd parts) in writing wrds. Cnsult reference materials, including beginning dictinaries, as needed t check and crrect spellings. Knwledge f Language Knwledge f Language Knwledge f Language L.1.3. (Begins in grade 2) L.2.3. Use knwledge f language and its cnventins when writing, speaking, reading, r listening. L.3.3. Use knwledge f language and its cnventins when writing, speaking, reading, r listening. Cmpare frmal and infrmal uses f English. Chse wrds and phrases fr effect.* Recgnize and bserve differences between the cnventins f spken and written standard English. 10

11 Vcabulary Acquisitin and Use Vcabulary Acquisitin and Use Vcabulary Acquisitin and Use L.2.4. Determine r clarify the meaning f L.3.4. Determine r clarify the meaning f unknwn unknwn and multiple-meaning wrds and and multiple-meaning wrd and phrases based n phrases based n grade 2 reading and cntent, grade 3 reading and cntent, chsing flexibly frm chsing flexibly frm an array f strategies. a range f strategies. L.1.4. Determine r clarify the meaning f unknwn and multiple-meaning wrds and phrases based n grade 1 reading and cntent, chsing flexibly frm an array f strategies. Use sentence-level cntext as a clue t the meaning f a wrd r phrase. Use frequently ccurring affixes as a clue t the meaning f a wrd. Identify frequently ccurring rt wrds (e.g., lk) and their inflectinal frms (e.g., lks, lked, lking). L.1.5. With guidance and supprt frm adults, demnstrate understanding f figurative language, wrd relatinships and nuances in wrd meanings. Srt wrds int categries (e.g., clrs, clthing) t gain a sense f the cncepts the categries represent. Define wrds by categry and by Use sentence-level cntext as a clue t the meaning f a wrd r phrase. Determine the meaning f the new wrd frmed when a knwn prefix is added t a knwn wrd (e.g., happy/unhappy, tell/retell). Use a knwn rt wrd as a clue t the meaning f an unknwn wrd with the same rt (e.g., additin, additinal). Use knwledge f the meaning f individual wrds t predict the meaning f cmpund wrds (e.g., birdhuse, lighthuse, husefly; bkshelf, ntebk, bkmark). Use glssaries and beginning dictinaries, bth print and digital, t determine r clarify the meaning f wrds and phrases. L.2.5. Demnstrate understanding f figurative language, wrd relatinships and nuances in wrd meanings. Identify real-life cnnectins between wrds and their use (e.g., describe fds that are spicy r juicy). Distinguish shades f meaning Use sentence-level cntext as a clue t the meaning f a wrd r phrase. Determine the meaning f the new wrd frmed when a knwn affix is added t a knwn wrd (e.g., agreeable/disagreeable, cmfrtable/uncmfrtable, care/careless, heat/preheat). Use a knwn rt wrd as a clue t the meaning f an unknwn wrd with the same rt (e.g., cmpany, cmpanin). Use glssaries r beginning dictinaries, bth print and digital, t determine r clarify the precise meaning f key wrds and phrases. L.3.5. Demnstrate understanding f figurative language, wrd relatinships and nuances in wrd meanings. Distinguish the literal and nnliteral meanings f wrds and phrases in cntext (e.g., take steps). Identify real-life cnnectins 11

12 ne r mre key attributes (e.g., a duck is a bird that swims; a tiger is a large cat with stripes). Identify real-life cnnectins between wrds and their use (e.g., nte places at hme that are czy). Distinguish shades f meaning amng verbs differing in manner (e.g., lk, peek, glance, stare, glare, scwl) and adjectives differing in intensity (e.g., large, gigantic) by defining r chsing them r by acting ut the meanings. L.1.6. Use wrds and phrases acquired thrugh cnversatins, reading and being read t, and respnding t texts, including using frequently ccurring cnjunctins t signal simple relatinships (e.g., because). amng clsely related verbs (e.g., tss, thrw, hurl) and clsely related adjectives (e.g., thin, slender, skinny, scrawny). L.2.6. Use wrds and phrases acquired thrugh cnversatins, reading and being read t, and respnding t texts, including using adjectives and adverbs t describe (e.g., When ther kids are happy that makes me happy). between wrds and their use (e.g., describe peple wh are friendly r helpful). Distinguish shades f meaning amng related wrds that describe states f mind r degrees f certainty (e.g., knew, believed, suspected, heard, wndered). L.3.6. Acquire and use accurately grade-apprpriate cnversatinal, general academic, and dmainspecific wrds and phrases, including thse that signal spatial and tempral relatinships (e.g., After dinner that night we went lking fr them). Math Operatins and Algebraic Thinking 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Represent and slve prblems invlving additin and subtractin Represent and slve prblems invlving additin and subtractin Represent and slve prblems invlving multiplicatin and divisin. 1.OA.1. Use additin and subtractin within 20 t slve wrd prblems invlving situatins f adding t, taking frm, putting tgether, taking apart, and cmparing, with unknwns in all psitins, e.g., by using bjects, drawings, and equatins with a symbl fr the unknwn number t represent the prblem.1 1.OA.2. Slve wrd prblems that call fr additin f three whle numbers whse sum is less than r equal t 20, e.g., by using bjects, drawings, and equatins with a symbl fr the unknwn number 2.OA.1. Use additin and subtractin within 100 t slve ne- and tw-step wrd prblems invlving situatins f adding t, taking frm, putting tgether, taking apart, and cmparing, with unknwns in all psitins, e.g., by using drawings and equatins with a symbl fr the unknwn number t represent the prblem.1 2.OA.2. Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies.2 By end f Grade 2, knw frm memry all sums f tw ne-digit numbers. 3.OA.1. Interpret prducts f whle numbers, e.g., interpret 5 7 as the ttal number f bjects in 5 grups f 7 bjects each. Fr example, describe a cntext in which a ttal number f bjects can be expressed as OA.2. Interpret whle-number qutients f whle numbers, e.g., interpret 56 8 as the number f bjects in each share when 56 bjects are partitined equally int 8 shares, r as a 12

13 t represent the prblem. Understand and apply prperties f peratins and the relatinship between additin and subtractin 1.OA.3. Apply prperties f peratins as strategies t add and subtract.2 Examples: If = 11 is knwn, then = 11 is als knwn. (Cmmutative prperty f additin.) T add , the secnd tw numbers can be added t make a ten, s = = 12. (Assciative prperty f additin.) 1.OA.4. Understand subtractin as an unknwnaddend prblem. Fr example, subtract 10 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added t 8. Add and subtract within 20. Add and subtract within 20 1.OA.5. Relate cunting t additin and subtractin (e.g., by cunting n 2 t add 2). 1.OA.6. Add and subtract within 20, demnstrating fluency fr additin and subtractin within 10. Use strategies such as cunting n; making ten (e.g., = = = 14); decmpsing a number leading t a ten (e.g., 13 4 = = 10 1 = 9); using the relatinship between additin and subtractin Wrk with equal grups f bjects t gain fundatins fr multiplicatin. 2.OA.3. Determine whether a grup f bjects (up t 20) has an dd r even number f members, e.g., by pairing bjects r cunting them by 2s; write an equatin t express an even number as a sum f tw equal addends. 2.OA.4. Use additin t find the ttal number f bjects arranged in rectangular arrays with up t 5 rws and up t 5 clumns; write an equatin t express the ttal as a sum f equal addends. number f shares when 56 bjects are partitined int equal shares f 8 bjects each. Fr example, describe a cntext in which a number f shares r a number f grups can be expressed as OA.3. Use multiplicatin and divisin within 100 t slve wrd prblems in situatins invlving equal grups, arrays, and measurement quantities, e.g., by using drawings and equatins with a symbl fr the unknwn number t represent the prblem.1 3.OA.4. Determine the unknwn whle number in a multiplicatin r divisin equatin relating three whle numbers. Fr example, determine the unknwn number that makes the equatin true in each f the equatins 8? = 48, 5 = _ 3, 6 6 =? Understand prperties f multiplicatin and the relatinship between multiplicatin and divisin. 3.OA.5. Apply prperties f peratins as strategies t multiply and divide.2 Examples: If 6 4 = 24 is knwn, then 4 6 = 24 is als knwn. (Cmmutative prperty f multiplicatin.) can be fund by 3 5 = 15, then 15 2 = 30, r by 5 2 = 10, then 3 10 = 30. (Assciative prperty f multiplicatin.) Knwing that 8 5 = 40 and 8 2 = 16, ne can find 8 7 as 8 (5 + 2) = (8 5) + (8 2) = = 56. (Distributive prperty.) 3.OA.6. Understand divisin as an unknwnfactr prblem. Fr example, find 32 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8. 13

14 (e.g., knwing that = 12, ne knws 12 8 = 4); and creating equivalent but easier r knwn sums (e.g., adding by creating the knwn equivalent = = 13). Wrk with additin and subtractin equatins Multiply and divide within OA.7. Understand the meaning f the equal sign, and determine if equatins invlving additin and subtractin are true r false. Fr example, which f the fllwing equatins are true and which are false? 6 = 6, 7 = 8 1, = 2 + 5, = Wrk with additin and subtractin equatins 1.OA.8. Determine the unknwn whle number in an additin r subtractin equatin relating three whle numbers. Fr example, determine the unknwn number that makes the equatin true in each f the equatins 8 +? = 11, 5 = _ 3, = _. 3.OA.7.Fluently multiply and divide within 100, using strategies such as the relatinship between multiplicatin and divisin (e.g., knwing that 8 5 = 40, ne knws 40 5 = 8) r prperties f peratins. By the end f Grade 3, knw frm memry all prducts f tw ne-digit numbers. Slve prblems invlving the fur peratins, and identify and explain patterns in arithmetic. 3.OA.8. Slve tw-step wrd prblems using the fur peratins. Represent these prblems using equatins with a letter standing fr the unknwn quantity. Assess the reasnableness f answers using mental cmputatin and estimatin strategies including runding.3 3.OA.9. Identify arithmetic patterns (including patterns in the additin table r multiplicatin table), and explain them using prperties f peratins. Fr example, bserve that 4 times a number is always even, and explain why 4 times a number can be decmpsed int tw equal addends. 14

15 Math Number and Operatins in Base Ten 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Extend the cunting sequence Understanding place value Use place value understanding and prperties f peratins t perfrm multi-digit arithmetic. 1.NBT.1. Cunt t 120, starting at any number less than 120. In this range, read and write numerals and represent a number f bjects with a written numeral. Understand place value 1.NBT.2. Understand that the tw digits f a twdigit number represent amunts f tens and nes. Understand the fllwing as special cases: 10 can be thught f as a bundle f ten nes called a ten. The numbers frm 11 t 19 are cmpsed f a ten and ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, r nine nes. The numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 refer t ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, r nine tens (and 0 nes). 1.NBT.3. Cmpare tw tw-digit numbers based n meanings f the tens and nes digits, recrding the results f cmparisns with the symbls >, =, and <. 2.NBT.1. Understand that the three digits f a three-digit number represent amunts f hundreds, tens, and nes; e.g., 706 equals 7 hundreds, 0 tens, and 6 nes. Understand the fllwing as special cases: 100 can be thught f as a bundle f ten tens called a hundred. The numbers 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900 refer t ne, tw, three, fur, five, six, seven, eight, r nine hundreds (and 0 tens and 0 nes). 2.NBT.2. Cunt within 1000; skip-cunt by 5s, 10s, and 100s. 2.NBT.3. Read and write numbers t 1000 using base-ten numerals, number names, and expanded frm. 3.NBT.1. Use place value understanding t rund whle numbers t the nearest 10 r NBT.2. Fluently add and subtract within 1000 using strategies and algrithms based n place value, prperties f peratins, and/r the relatinship between additin and subtractin. 3.NBT.3. Multiply ne-digit whle numbers by multiples f 10 in the range (e.g., 9 80, 5 60) using strategies based n place value and prperties f peratins. Use place value understanding and prperties f peratins t add and subtract 1.NBT.4. Add within 100, including adding a twdigit number and a ne-digit number, and adding 2.NBT.4. Cmpare tw three-digit numbers based n meanings f the hundreds, tens, and nes 15

16 a tw-digit number and a multiple f 10, using cncrete mdels r drawings and strategies based n place value, prperties f peratins, and/r the relatinship between additin and subtractin; relate the strategy t a written methd and explain the reasning used. Understand that in adding tw-digit numbers, ne adds tens and tens, nes and nes; and smetimes it is necessary t cmpse a ten. 1.NBT.5. Given a tw-digit number, mentally find 10 mre r 10 less than the number, withut having t cunt; explain the reasning used. 1.NBT.6. Subtract multiples f 10 in the range frm multiples f 10 in the range (psitive r zer differences), using cncrete mdels r drawings and strategies based n place value, prperties f peratins, and/r the relatinship between additin and subtractin; relate the strategy t a written methd and explain the reasning used. digits, using >, =, and < symbls t recrd the results f cmparisns. Use place value understanding and prperties f peratins t add and subtract 2.NBT.5. Fluently add and subtract within 100 using strategies based n place value, prperties f peratins, and/r the relatinship between additin and subtractin. 2.NBT.6. Add up t fur tw-digit numbers using strategies based n place value and prperties f peratins. 2.NBT.7. Add and subtract within 1000, using cncrete mdels r drawings and strategies based n place value, prperties f peratins, and/r the relatinship between additin and subtractin; relate the strategy t a written methd. Understand that in adding r subtracting three-digit numbers, ne adds r subtracts hundreds and hundreds, tens and tens, nes and nes; and smetimes it is necessary t cmpse r decmpse tens r hundreds. 2.NBT.8. Mentally add 10 r 100 t a given number , and mentally subtract 10 r 100 frm a given number NBT.9. Explain why additin and subtractin strategies wrk, using place value and the prperties f peratins. 16

17 Math Number and Operatins - Fractins 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Develp understanding f fractins as numbers. 3.NF.1. Understand a fractin 1/b as the quantity frmed by 1 part when a whle is partitined int b equal parts; understand a fractin a/b as the quantity frmed by a parts f size 1/b. 3.NF.2. Understand a fractin as a number n the number line; represent fractins n a number line diagram. Represent a fractin 1/b n a number line diagram by defining the interval frm 0 t 1 as the whle and partitining it int b equal parts. Recgnize that each part has size 1/b and that the endpint f the part based at 0 lcates the number 1/b n the number line. Represent a fractin a/b n a number line diagram by marking ff a lengths 1/b frm 0. Recgnize that the resulting interval has size a/b and that its endpint lcates the number a/b n the number line. 3.NF.3. Explain equivalence f fractins in special cases, and cmpare fractins by reasning abut their size. Understand tw fractins as equivalent (equal) if they are the same size, r the same pint n a number line. Recgnize and generate simple equivalent fractins, e.g., 1/2 = 2/4, 4/6 = 2/3). Explain why the fractins are equivalent, e.g., by 17

18 using a visual fractin mdel. Express whle numbers as fractins, and recgnize fractins that are equivalent t whle numbers. Examples: Express 3 in the frm 3 = 3/1; recgnize that 6/1 = 6; lcate 4/4 and 1 at the same pint f a number line diagram. Cmpare tw fractins with the same numeratr r the same denminatr by reasning abut their size. Recgnize that cmparisns are valid nly when the tw fractins refer t the same whle. Recrd the results f cmparisns with the symbls >, =, r <, and justify the cnclusins, e.g., by using a visual fractin mdel. Math Measurement and Data 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units. 1.MD.1. Order three bjects by length; cmpare the lengths f tw bjects indirectly by using a third bject. 1.MD.2. Express the length f an bject as a whle number f length units, by laying multiple cpies f a shrter bject (the length unit) end t end; understand that the length measurement f Measure and estimate lengths in standard units. 2.MD.1. Measure the length f an bject by selecting and using apprpriate tls such as rulers, yardsticks, meter sticks, and measuring tapes. 2.MD.2. Measure the length f an bject twice, using length units f different lengths fr the tw measurements; describe hw the tw measurements relate t the size f the unit Slve prblems invlving measurement and estimatin f intervals f time, liquid vlumes, and masses f bjects. 3.MD.1. Tell and write time t the nearest minute and measure time intervals in minutes. Slve wrd prblems invlving additin and subtractin f time intervals in minutes, e.g., by representing the prblem n a number line diagram. 3.MD.2. Measure and estimate liquid vlumes and masses f bjects using standard units f grams (g), kilgrams (kg), and liters (l).1 Add, subtract, multiply, r divide t slve ne-step 18

19 an bject is the number f same-size length units that span it with n gaps r verlaps. Limit t cntexts where the bject being measured is spanned by a whle number f length units with n gaps r verlaps. Tell and write time. 1.MD.3. Tell and write time in hurs and halfhurs using analg and digital clcks. Represent and interpret data. 1.MD.4. Organize, represent, and interpret data with up t three categries; ask and answer questins abut the ttal number f data pints, hw many in each categry, and hw many mre r less are in ne categry than in anther. chsen. 2.MD.3. Estimate lengths using units f inches, feet, centimeters, and meters. 2.MD.4. Measure t determine hw much lnger ne bject is than anther, expressing the length difference in terms f a standard length unit. Relate additin and subtractin t length 2.MD.5. Use additin and subtractin within 100 t slve wrd prblems invlving lengths that are given in the same units, e.g., by using drawings (such as drawings f rulers) and equatins with a symbl fr the unknwn number t represent the prblem. 2.MD.6. Represent whle numbers as lengths frm 0 n a number line diagram with equally spaced pints crrespnding t the numbers 0, 1, wrd prblems invlving masses r vlumes that are given in the same units, e.g., by using drawings (such as a beaker with a measurement scale) t represent the prblem. Represent and interpret data 3.MD.3. Draw a scaled picture graph and a scaled bar graph t represent a data set with several categries. Slve ne- and tw-step hw many mre and hw many less prblems using infrmatin presented in scaled bar graphs. Fr example, draw a bar graph in which each square in the bar graph might represent 5 pets. 3.MD.4. Generate measurement data by measuring lengths using rulers marked with halves and furths f an inch. Shw the data by making a line plt, where the hrizntal scale is marked ff in apprpriate units whle numbers, halves, r quarters. Gemetric measurement: understand cncepts f area and relate area t multiplicatin and t additin. 3.MD.5. Recgnize area as an attribute f plane figures and understand cncepts f area measurement. A square with side length 1 unit, called a unit square, is said t have ne square unit f area, and can be used t measure area. A plane figure which can be cvered withut gaps r verlaps by n unit squares is said t have an area f n square units. 3.MD.6. Measure areas by cunting unit squares (square cm, square m, square in, square ft, and 19

20 2,..., and represent whle-number sums and differences within 100 n a number line diagram. Wrk with time and mney 2.MD.7. Tell and write time frm analg and digital clcks t the nearest five minutes, using a.m. and p.m. imprvised units). 3.MD.7. Relate area t the peratins f multiplicatin and additin. Find the area f a rectangle with whle-number side lengths by tiling it, and shw that the area is the same as wuld be fund by multiplying the side lengths. Multiply side lengths t find areas f rectangles with whlenumber side lengths in the cntext f slving real wrld and mathematical prblems, and represent whle-number prducts as rectangular areas in mathematical reasning. Use tiling t shw in a cncrete case that the area f a rectangle with whle-number side lengths a and b + c is the sum f a b and a c. Use area mdels t represent the distributive prperty in mathematical reasning. Recgnize area as additive. Find areas f rectilinear figures by decmpsing them int nnverlapping rectangles and adding the areas f the nnverlapping parts, applying this technique t slve real wrld prblems. 20

21 2.MD.8. Slve wrd prblems invlving dllar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and symbls apprpriately. Example: If yu have 2 dimes and 3 pennies, hw many cents d yu have? Represent and interpret data. 2.MD.9. Generate measurement data by measuring lengths f several bjects t the nearest whle unit, r by making repeated measurements f the same bject. Shw the measurements by making a line plt, where the hrizntal scale is marked ff in whle-number units. 2.MD.10. Draw a picture graph and a bar graph (with single-unit scale) t represent a data set with up t fur categries. Slve simple puttgether, take-apart, and cmpare prblems1 using infrmatin presented in a bar graph. Gemetric measurement: recgnize perimeter as an attribute f plane figures and distinguish between linear and area measures. 3.MD.8. Slve real wrld and mathematical prblems invlving perimeters f plygns, including finding the perimeter given the side lengths, finding an unknwn side length, and exhibiting rectangles with the same perimeter and different areas r with the same area and different perimeters. Math Gemetry 1 st Grade 2 nd Grade 3 rd Grade Reasn with shapes and their attributes. Reasn with shapes and their attributes. Reasn with shapes and their attributes. 1.G.1. Distinguish between defining attributes (e.g., triangles are clsed and three-sided) versus nn-defining attributes (e.g., clr, rientatin, verall size) ; build and draw shapes t pssess defining attributes. 2.G.1. Recgnize and draw shapes having specified attributes, such as a given number f angles r a given number f equal faces.1 Identify triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagns, hexagns, and cubes. 3.G.1. Understand that shapes in different categries (e.g., rhmbuses, rectangles, and thers) may share attributes (e.g., having fur sides), and that the shared attributes can define a larger categry (e.g., quadrilaterals). Recgnize rhmbuses, rectangles, and squares as examples f quadrilaterals, and draw examples f quadrilaterals that d nt belng t any f these 21

22 1.G.2. Cmpse tw-dimensinal shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezids, triangles, halfcircles, and quarter-circles) r three-dimensinal shapes (cubes, right rectangular prisms, right circular cnes, and right circular cylinders) t create a cmpsite shape, and cmpse new shapes frm the cmpsite shape. 1.G.3. Partitin circles and rectangles int tw and fur equal shares, describe the shares using the wrds halves, furths, and quarters, and use the phrases half f, furth f, and quarter f. Describe the whle as tw f, r fur f the shares. Understand fr these examples that decmpsing int mre equal shares creates smaller shares. 2.G.2. Partitin a rectangle int rws and clumns f same-size squares and cunt t find the ttal number f them. 2.G.3. Partitin circles and rectangles int tw, three, r fur equal shares, describe the shares using the wrds halves, thirds, half f, a third f, etc., and describe the whle as tw halves, three thirds, fur furths. Recgnize that equal shares f identical whles need nt have the same shape. subcategries. 3.G.2. Partitin shapes int parts with equal areas. Express the area f each part as a unit fractin f the whle. Fr example, partitin a shape int 4 parts with equal area, and describe the area f each part as 1/4 f the area f the shape. 22