ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT"

Transcription

1 ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT STREAM: BASIN: SURVEY TYPE: South Sister Creek (U-5) Smith River Pre-Tx DATE: January 7, 4 SURVEY CREW: REPORT PREPARED BY: Michael Scheu, Jeremiah Bernier Paul Jacobsen BASIN AREA: 3.6 km USGS MAPS: ECOREGION: Gunter Coast Range Sedimentary GENERAL DESCRIPTION: The South Sister Creek habitat survey extended,45 meters. The channel was constrained by terraces in a broad valley floor. The average valley width index was 5.5 (range: 3.-8.). Land use for the reach was large (3-5 cm dbh) and second growth (15-3 cm dbh) trees. The average unit gradient was 1.4 percent. Riffles (36%) and scour pools (3%) dominated stream habitat. Bedrock (66%) dominated stream substrate. Wood volume was low at 5.6 m 3 /1m. COMMENTS: There were no potential barriers to upstream fish migration in the surveyed length.

2 OREGON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U-5) HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 6/16/4 Survey Date: 1/7/4 REACH 1 TS-R8W-S14SW REACH 1 Valley and Channel Summary Narrow Valley Floor Steep V-shape Moderate V-shape Open V-shape Valley Width Index Hillslope Bedrock Terrace Alt. Terrace/Hill Landuse Constrained Valley Characteristics (Percent Reach Length) 5.8 VWI Range: 4-8 Broad Valley Floor Constraining Terraces Multiple Terraces Wide Floodplain Channel Morphology (Percent Reach Length) 1 Unconstrained Single Channel Multiple Channel Braided Channel 1 Channel Characteristics Type Length (m) Area (m) Dry Units Primary Secondary Channel Dimensions (m) Wetted Active Floodprone n = 4 First Terrace n = 4 Width: Depth: Width: Height: 1,3 9, ( ( W:D ratio: 1.5 Entrenchment (ACW:FPW ratio): 1.3 Stream Flow Type: MF Water temp ( C): Avg. Unit Gradient: 1. Habitat Units/1m: 3.4 Riparian, Bank, and Wood Summary ) ) ( ( ) ) Land Use: Riparian Vegetation: Primary LT D15 Bank Condition and Shade Secondary ST S Bank Status Actively Eroding: Percent Reach Length Shade (% of 18) Reach avg: Undercut Banks: Range: - All pieces (>=3m x.15m): Volume (m 3): Key pieces (>=1m x.6m): Large Wood Debris Total 96 7 Total / 1m

3 OREGON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U-5) HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 6/16/4 Survey Date: 1/7/4 REACH 1 TS-R8W-S14SW REACH 1 HABITAT DETAIL Habitat Type Number Total Avg Avg Total Large Substrate Units Length Width Depth Area Boulders Percent Wetted Area (m) (m) (m) (m ) (#>.5m) S/O Snd Grvl Cbl Bldr Bdrk CASCADE/BEDROCK CASCADE/BOULDERS POOL-DAMMED POOL-LATERAL SCOUR , POOL-STRAIGHT SCOUR RAPID/BEDROCK , RIFFLE , STEP/BEDROCK STEP/LOG Total: 4 1, ,478 Avg: HABITAT SUMMARY Habitat Group Number Total Avg Avg Units Length Width Depth Wetted Area Large Boulders (m) (m) (m) (m ) Percent Number (# / 1m ) Dammed & BW Pools % Scour Pools , % Glides. Riffles , % Rapids , % Cascades Step/Falls % Dry. Culverts. POOL SUMMARY All Pools: Total 17 # / Km 13.7 Pools >=1m deep: 1.8 Complex pools (LWD pieces>=3): Pool frequency (channel widths/pool): Residual pool depth (avg):.34

4 STREAM SUMMARY SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U-5) Number Total Avg Avg Total Substrate Large Units Length Width Depth Area Percent Wetted Area Boulders (m) (m) (m) (m ) S/O Snd Grvl Cbl Bldr Bdrk (#>.5m) 4 1, , Habitat Group Dammed & BW Pools Scour Pools Glides Riffles Rapids Cascades Step/Falls Dry Culverts Wetted Area (m ) Percent 9 3.8% 3, %. 4, % 1, % %..

5 Comment Summary Oregon Plan Monitoring Sites MONITORING AREA: 4-UMP SITE ID: 5 SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U- UNIT# TYPE CHAN DIST. (m) COMMENTS NOTE ESTIMATOR NOTE NUMERATOR 1 LP.5 T=8C RR 1 58 /TJ T=7.5C, ACW=1.M 3 CB HS NOT ON MAP 5 SL 11.3 H=.4M 8 RI TJ/ 9 CB T=8.5C, ACW=3.M 14 LP TJ/ 15 RR T=8.5C, SG=6M 16 RI 38.6 SG=8M, SALMON SPAWN RI 53.7 PINK FLAG- SS J-1, 8 B 1 LP /TJ CR T=8C, ACW=. 3 RI 61.7 PINK- 8 BLDRS, LOGS 4 LP /SS 5 RI 675. PINK- BLDRS+LOGS 7 RI 763. PINK- 16 LOGS, ALDER F 8 LP 787. PINK- 4 LOGS 9 RR /SS PINK-5--, UNIT 3 RR 31 RR 96. PINK-BLDR WEIR 33 RR BLDRS 34 LP 18.6 SS/ Wednesday, June 16, 4

6 Comment Summary Oregon Plan Monitoring Sites MONITORING AREA: 4-UMP SITE ID: 5 SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U- UNIT# TYPE CHAN DIST. (m) COMMENTS NOTE ESTIMATOR NOTE NUMERATOR 36 LP PINK-5 BLDRS 37 RI , #4 38 LP PINK-4 LOGS 4 LP LOGS 4 LP /TJ SALMON SPAWNING GR 43 RR PINK-3 BLDR CLUSTERS 44 RR 17.8 BC BLM SC PINK-LP # SC SG=4M 49 RI LOGS 5 LP SG=4M 51 SC SG=4M, STHD REDD 54 SC STHD REDD 56 RI SG=4M, PINK FLAG 58 SC SG=4M 6 RR BLUE/WHITE-3 LOG JAM 64 SS HS H=.5M, PART OF CULVE 65 DP TJ/ 66 RI T=8C, ACW=.3M 67 CC CC S. SISTER RD 68 LP /TJ SG=4M, TJ NOT ON MAP Wednesday, June 16, 4

7 Comment Summary Oregon Plan Monitoring Sites MONITORING AREA: 4-UMP SITE ID: 5 SOUTH SISTER CREEK PRE-TX (U- UNIT# TYPE CHAN DIST. (m) COMMENTS NOTE ESTIMATOR NOTE NUMERATOR 69 CB T=8C, ACW=1.M 7 RI PINK-U7, SP, 5-9-, 9 L 73 RI PINK, 5 LOGS, COHO CA 74 RR BLDR CLUSTERS 75 LP.8 BLDR CLUSTER 76 RR 16.8 PINK-3 LOGS 77 LP 3.8 SG=4M 86 SP 8. PINK-U8, LP, RR LOG JAM 88 LP 39. SG=4M 89 SC 4.3 SG=1M Wednesday, June 16, 4

8 48 5 m m 48 5 m m m m m m m m m END SURVEY START SURVEY 48 5 m m 48 5 m m m m m m m m Name: GUNTER Date: 1/5/4 Scale: 1 inch equals feet Location: E N Caption: SOUTH SISTER CREEK RESTORATION SITE - SMITH BASIN Copyright (C) 1997, Maptech, Inc.

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT OREGON PLAN FOR SALMON & WATERSHEDS STREAM RESTORATION HABITAT REPORT STREAM: BASIN: SURVEY TYPE: Munson Creek (NC-342) Tillamook River Post-Tx DATE: February 2, 28 SURVEY

More information

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT RESTORATION MONITORING STREAM HABITAT REPORT. Peggy Kavanagh, Trevan Cornwell TOLEDO SOUTH Coast Range Lora Tennant

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT RESTORATION MONITORING STREAM HABITAT REPORT. Peggy Kavanagh, Trevan Cornwell TOLEDO SOUTH Coast Range Lora Tennant ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT RESTORATION MONITORING STREAM HABITAT REPORT STREAM: GCG: 2-MC SITE ID: 489 BASIN: YAQUINA TREATMENT DATE: 24 SURVEY DATE: 2/27/24 SURVEY CREW: USGS MAPS: ECOREGION: REPORT

More information

REACH 1 T37S-R14W-S07NW

REACH 1 T37S-R14W-S07NW OREGON DEPT. FISH AND WILDLIFE HABITAT INVENTORY Report Date: 3//3 Survey Date: 7/3/ REACH T37S-R4W-S7NW REACH Valley and Channel Summary Narrow Valley Floor Steep V-shape Moderate V-shape Open V-shape

More information

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT STREAM: BASIN: South Fork Mill Creek Mill Creek / Columbia River DATES: September 7 9, 5 SURVEY CREW: REPORT PREPARED BY: Brian Bangs / LaNoah Babcock Staci

More information

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT STREAM: BASIN: Basin Creek Willow Creek DATE: July 9 3, 9 SURVEY CREW: REPORT PREPARED BY: USGS MAPS: ECOREGION: Nicole Bushey / Emily Zimmermann Staci Stein

More information

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT. Jennifer Bock / Eric Evans / LaNoah Babcock HUC NUMBER: LLID:

ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT. Jennifer Bock / Eric Evans / LaNoah Babcock HUC NUMBER: LLID: ODFW AQUATIC INVENTORY PROJECT STREAM REPORT STREAM: BASIN: South Fork Dixie Creek Burnt River DATES: July 6, September 3-7, SURVEY CREW: REPORT PREPARED BY: Jennifer Bock / Eric Evans / LaNoah Babcock

More information

A Guide To Interpreting Stream Survey Reports. Scott C. Foster Charles H. Stein Kim K. Jones. Edited by Patricia A. Bowers

A Guide To Interpreting Stream Survey Reports. Scott C. Foster Charles H. Stein Kim K. Jones. Edited by Patricia A. Bowers A Guide To Interpreting Stream Survey Reports Scott C. Foster Charles H. Stein Kim K. Jones Edited by Patricia A. Bowers Aquatic Inventories Project Natural Production Program Oregon Department of Fish

More information

ADDRESSING GEOMORPHIC AND HYDRAULIC CONTROLS IN OFF-CHANNEL HABITAT DESIGN

ADDRESSING GEOMORPHIC AND HYDRAULIC CONTROLS IN OFF-CHANNEL HABITAT DESIGN ADDRESSING GEOMORPHIC AND HYDRAULIC CONTROLS IN OFF-CHANNEL HABITAT DESIGN Conor Shea - Hydrologist U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Conservation Partnerships Program Arcata, CA Learning Objectives Examine

More information

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF STREAM CONDITIONS AND HABITAT TYPES IN REACH 4, REACH 5 AND REACH 6.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF STREAM CONDITIONS AND HABITAT TYPES IN REACH 4, REACH 5 AND REACH 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF STREAM CONDITIONS AND HABITAT TYPES IN REACH 4, REACH 5 AND REACH 6. The Eklutna River was divided into study reaches (figure 1) prior to this site visit. Prominent geologic or

More information

Riparian Assessment. Steps in the right direction... Drainage Basin/Watershed: Start by Thinking Big. Riparian Assessment vs.

Riparian Assessment. Steps in the right direction... Drainage Basin/Watershed: Start by Thinking Big. Riparian Assessment vs. Riparian Assessment vs. Monitoring Riparian Assessment What is a healthy stream? Determine stream/riparian health Determine change or trend, especially in response to mgmt Classification = designation

More information

Appendix E Rosgen Classification

Appendix E Rosgen Classification Appendix E Stream Type s Using the morphometric parameters described above, stream reaches are classified into 7 major stream types (Aa+ through G) based on s (1996) criteria. The relevant stream classifications

More information

Why Geomorphology for Fish Passage

Why Geomorphology for Fish Passage Channel Morphology - Stream Crossing Interactions An Overview Michael Love Michael Love & Associates mlove@h2odesigns.com (707) 476-8938 Why Geomorphology for Fish Passage 1. Understand the Scale of the

More information

Stream Classification

Stream Classification Stream Classification Why Classify Streams? Communication Tool Describe Existing Conditions & Trends Describe Restoration Goals Research Tool Morphologic Stream Classification Systems Schumm (1977) Alluvial

More information

Dan Miller + Kelly Burnett, Kelly Christiansen, Sharon Clarke, Lee Benda. GOAL Predict Channel Characteristics in Space and Time

Dan Miller + Kelly Burnett, Kelly Christiansen, Sharon Clarke, Lee Benda. GOAL Predict Channel Characteristics in Space and Time Broad-Scale Models Dan Miller + Kelly Burnett, Kelly Christiansen, Sharon Clarke, Lee Benda GOAL Predict Channel Characteristics in Space and Time Assess Potential for Fish Use and Productivity Assess

More information

Conceptual Model of Stream Flow Processes for the Russian River Watershed. Chris Farrar

Conceptual Model of Stream Flow Processes for the Russian River Watershed. Chris Farrar Conceptual Model of Stream Flow Processes for the Russian River Watershed Chris Farrar Several features of creeks affect the interactions between surface and groundwater. This conceptual model uses the

More information

Fish Passage at Road Crossings

Fish Passage at Road Crossings Fish Passage at Road Crossings 1 Crossing Design Workshop Outline 1:00 to 2:00 Intro, Design Overview, Channel Width 2:00 to 2:15 Break 2:15 to 3:15 No-Slope, Stream Simulation Design 3:15 to 3:30 Break

More information

GENERAL SUMMARY BIG WOOD RIVER GEOMORPHIC ASSESSMENT BLAINE COUNTY, IDAHO

GENERAL SUMMARY BIG WOOD RIVER GEOMORPHIC ASSESSMENT BLAINE COUNTY, IDAHO GENERAL SUMMARY BIG WOOD RIVER GEOMORPHIC ASSESSMENT BLAINE COUNTY, IDAHO Prepared For Trout Unlimited 300 North Main Street, Hailey, Idaho, 83333 Prepared By P. O. Box 8578, 140 E. Broadway, Suite 23,

More information

Appendix III-A Descriptions of Channel Habitat Types

Appendix III-A Descriptions of Channel Habitat Types Appendix III-A Descriptions of Channel Habitat Types Table of Contents Channel Habitat Typing Background... 3 Small Estuarine Channel (ES)... 7 Large Estuarine Channel (EL)... 9 Low Gradient Large Floodplain

More information

Important Copyright Information

Important Copyright Information Important Copyright Information The following content is provided for educational purposes by the workshop presenter. This content may or may not have been peer reviewed. Information, opinions and recommendations

More information

Stream Geomorphology. Leslie A. Morrissey UVM July 25, 2012

Stream Geomorphology. Leslie A. Morrissey UVM July 25, 2012 Stream Geomorphology Leslie A. Morrissey UVM July 25, 2012 What Functions do Healthy Streams Provide? Flood mitigation Water supply Water quality Sediment storage and transport Habitat Recreation Transportation

More information

Assessment. Assessment

Assessment. Assessment 2001 SPRINGBROOK CREEK RESTORATION - THREE YEAR POST-CONSTRUCTION REVIEW - Presented by Bruce Henderson and Andy Harris 2005 River Restoration Northwest Symposium Skamania Lodge, Washington www.hendersonlandservices.com

More information

Rosgen Classification Unnamed Creek South of Dunka Road

Rosgen Classification Unnamed Creek South of Dunka Road Rosgen Classification Unnamed Creek South of Dunka Road Prepared for Poly Met Mining Inc. September 2013 Rosgen Classification Unnamed Creek South of Dunka Road Prepared for Poly Met Mining Inc. September

More information

-- Lessons from a successful salmon stream and estuary relocation on Gravina Island

-- Lessons from a successful salmon stream and estuary relocation on Gravina Island Re-inventing Government Creek -- Lessons from a successful salmon stream and estuary relocation on Gravina Island Jon Houghton, Ph.D. and Derek Ormerod, M.S., P.E. - Pentec Environmental/Hart Crowser,

More information

PolyMet NorthMet Project

PolyMet NorthMet Project RS 26 Draft-01 December 8, 2005 RS26 Partridge River Level 1 Rosgen Geomorphic Survey Rosgen Classification Partridge River from Headwaters to Colby Lake Prepared for PolyMet NorthMet Project December

More information

Addressing the Impact of Road-Stream Crossing Structures on the Movement of Aquatic Organisms

Addressing the Impact of Road-Stream Crossing Structures on the Movement of Aquatic Organisms Scott Jackson University of Massachusetts Amherst Addressing the Impact of Road-Stream Crossing Structures on the Movement of Aquatic Organisms Dams Sub-standard Culverts Excessive Velocities Inlet Drop

More information

1.0 Appendix. Appendix A In-stream LWD Data Collection Sheet In Stream LWD Data Collection Stream Site: Coordinates:x y Crew: Date: Dia-4.

1.0 Appendix. Appendix A In-stream LWD Data Collection Sheet In Stream LWD Data Collection Stream Site: Coordinates:x y Crew: Date: Dia-4. 1.0 Appendix Appendix A In-stream LWD Data Collection Sheet In Stream LWD Data Collection Stream Site: Coordinates:x y Crew: Date: Shot ID-1 Shot Id-2 Shot Id-3 Shot Id-4 Tagid LWD Criteria Dia-1 (cm)

More information

!"#$%&&'()*+#$%(,-./0*)%(!

!#$%&&'()*+#$%(,-./0*)%(! 8:30 Sign in Hoosic River Revival Coalition!"#$%&&'()*+#$%(,-./0*)%(! 12-#30+4/#"5-(60 9:00 Welcome and Introductions 9:15 Goals for Today s Program: A Description of the Planning Process 9:30 First Session:

More information

SALMONID HABITAT ASSESSMENT UPPER MILLER CREEK

SALMONID HABITAT ASSESSMENT UPPER MILLER CREEK SALMONID HABITAT ASSESSMENT UPPER MILLER CREEK GRADY RANCH, MARIN COUNTY, CALIFORNIA July 2011 Prepared for: Skywalker Properties Ltd. 5858 Lucas Valley Road Nicasio, California 94946 Prepared by: WRA,

More information

Lower South Fork McKenzie River Floodplain Enhancement Project

Lower South Fork McKenzie River Floodplain Enhancement Project Lower South Fork McKenzie River Floodplain Enhancement Project McKenzie River Ranger District Willamette National Forest Project Location The project is located in the South Fork McKenzie River Watershed,

More information

Fluvial Driven Alluvial Fans

Fluvial Driven Alluvial Fans Fluvial Driven Alluvial Fans Restoration Project Evaluations - Examples from the Russian and Napa River Watersheds Mia Docto Masters Thesis UC Berkeley 1. Basic Fan Description 2. Fluvial Driven Fan Characteristics

More information

RAILWAYS AND FISH: HOW TO PROTECT AND ENHANCE FISH HABITAT VALUES AT STREAM CROSSINGS THROUGH PROJECT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

RAILWAYS AND FISH: HOW TO PROTECT AND ENHANCE FISH HABITAT VALUES AT STREAM CROSSINGS THROUGH PROJECT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION RAILWAYS AND FISH: HOW TO PROTECT AND ENHANCE FISH HABITAT VALUES AT STREAM CROSSINGS THROUGH PROJECT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION Rail Environment Conference November 2016 AGENDA Objective Background Benefits

More information

Aquifer an underground zone or layer of sand, gravel, or porous rock that is saturated with water.

Aquifer an underground zone or layer of sand, gravel, or porous rock that is saturated with water. Aggradation raising of the streambed by deposition that occurs when the energy of the water flowing through a stream reach is insufficient to transport sediment conveyed from upstream. Alluvium a general

More information

Appendix G. Meso-Habitat Surveys. DRAFT Annual Technical Report

Appendix G. Meso-Habitat Surveys. DRAFT Annual Technical Report Appendix G Meso-Habitat Surveys DRAFT Annual Technical Report Draft March 2010 1.0 Introduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 1.0 Introduction The following appendix includes a report provided by the California Department

More information

SCOPE OF PRESENTATION STREAM DYNAMICS, CHANNEL RESTORATION PLANS, & SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ANALYSES IN RELATION TO RESTORATION PLANS

SCOPE OF PRESENTATION STREAM DYNAMICS, CHANNEL RESTORATION PLANS, & SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ANALYSES IN RELATION TO RESTORATION PLANS DESIGN METHODS B: SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PROCESSES FOR STREAM RESTORATION DESIGN PETER KLINGEMAN OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT., CORVALLIS 2 ND ANNUAL NORTHWEST STREAM RESTORATION DESIGN SYMPOSIUM

More information

APPENDIX A REACH DECRIPTIONS. Quantico Creek Watershed Assessment April 2011

APPENDIX A REACH DECRIPTIONS. Quantico Creek Watershed Assessment April 2011 APPENDIX A REACH DECRIPTIONS Basin 615, South Fork of Quantico Creek - Project Reach Descriptions Reach Name: 615-A Coordinates (NAD 83, Virginia State Plane North): 11796510.57, 6893938.95 to 11801555.79,

More information

Assignment 1. Measuring River Characteristics- Vernon Creek. Applied Fluvial Geomorphology Field Techniques EESc 435

Assignment 1. Measuring River Characteristics- Vernon Creek. Applied Fluvial Geomorphology Field Techniques EESc 435 Assignment 1 Measuring River Characteristics- Vernon Creek Applied Fluvial Geomorphology Field Techniques EESc 435 Amanda Jardine 30100093 Jaime McDonald 14177083 Erica Massey 50870088 April 28, 2012 Introduction

More information

Forest Service AOP Meeting Objectives of Stream Simulation: Examples and Talking Points

Forest Service AOP Meeting Objectives of Stream Simulation: Examples and Talking Points Forest Service AOP Meeting Objectives of Stream Simulation: Examples and Talking Points Traci Sylte, P.E. Hydrology/Fluvial Geomorphology Lolo National Forest Is It True? Are Road Crossings a Dam with

More information

Business. Meteorologic monitoring. Field trip? Reader. Other?

Business. Meteorologic monitoring. Field trip? Reader. Other? Business Meteorologic monitoring Field trip? Reader Other? Classification Streams Characterization Discharge measurements Why classify stream channels? Why Classify Stream Channels? Provides a common language

More information

State of the River: Geomorphic Structure. Josh Wyrick, Ph.D. UC Davis

State of the River: Geomorphic Structure. Josh Wyrick, Ph.D. UC Davis State of the River: Geomorphic Structure Josh Wyrick, Ph.D. UC Davis 1 Geomorphic Structure Methodology Data Collection (topography, rating curve, hydraulics, substrate, vegetation & cover) GIS-Based Analyses

More information

Case Study 8. North Fork Nooksack River In-channel Project

Case Study 8. North Fork Nooksack River In-channel Project Case Study 8 Project Overview The North Fork Nooksack In-channel project was developed cooperatively between the USDA Forest Service and the Nooksack Salmon Enhancement Association (NSEA), with the objectives

More information

Little Blackfoot TPA 2009 Sediment and Habitat Assessment QAQC Review March 9, 2010

Little Blackfoot TPA 2009 Sediment and Habitat Assessment QAQC Review March 9, 2010 Little Blackfoot TPA 2009 Sediment and Habitat Assessment QAQC Review March 9, 2010 1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW Sediment and habitat monitoring in the Little Blackfoot TPA was conducted in July of 2009 as outlined

More information

Chapter Five. Synopsis

Chapter Five. Synopsis Chapter Five Synopsis .0 Proposed Level Assessments. Prioritization of Level Assessments. Recommended Level P Locations.3 Level RAPP Locations 5 & Mosley Creek & RA.0 Proposed Level Assessments Based on

More information

Stream Restoration and Environmental River Mechanics. Objectives. Pierre Y. Julien. 1. Peligre Dam in Haiti (deforestation)

Stream Restoration and Environmental River Mechanics. Objectives. Pierre Y. Julien. 1. Peligre Dam in Haiti (deforestation) Stream Restoration and Environmental River Mechanics Pierre Y. Julien Malaysia 2004 Objectives Brief overview of environmental river mechanics and stream restoration: 1. Typical problems in environmental

More information

Upper Mississippi River Basin Environmental Management Program Workshop

Upper Mississippi River Basin Environmental Management Program Workshop Presentation to the Upper Mississippi River Basin Environmental Management Program Workshop by Michael Rodgers River Engineer US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Louis District August 17, 2007 Engineering

More information

Rapid Geomorphic Assessments: RGA s

Rapid Geomorphic Assessments: RGA s Establishing Current Reference Conditions Rates and concentrations of suspended-sediment transport vary over time and space due to factors such as precipitation characteristics and discharge, geology,

More information

May Creek Canyon LWD Stream Restoration Project. Helicopter Placement of LWD in an Urban Stream. By Kathryn Neal, P.E.

May Creek Canyon LWD Stream Restoration Project. Helicopter Placement of LWD in an Urban Stream. By Kathryn Neal, P.E. Helicopter Placement of LWD in an Urban Stream By Kathryn Neal, P.E. May Creek Canyon LWD Stream Restoration Project By Kathryn Neal, P.E. Project proponents: King County City of Renton City of Newcastle

More information

Fact sheet: Glacial rivers (all Europe)

Fact sheet: Glacial rivers (all Europe) Fact sheet: Glacial rivers (all Europe) General description Valleyplanform Hydrology and The valley form varies from a gorge to a V-shaped valley and the single-thread channel is mainly characterized by

More information

Fine sediment in pools: an index of how sediment is affecting a stream channel

Fine sediment in pools: an index of how sediment is affecting a stream channel R-5 Fish Habitat Relationship Technical Bulletin Number 6 December 1991 O Fine sediment in pools: an index of how sediment is affecting a stream channel Tom Lisle Sue Hilton Redwood Sciences Laboratory

More information

River Restoration and Rehabilitation. Pierre Y. Julien

River Restoration and Rehabilitation. Pierre Y. Julien River Restoration and Rehabilitation Pierre Y. Julien Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado River Mechanics and Sediment Transport Lima Peru

More information

Kootenai River Habitat Restoration Program Update

Kootenai River Habitat Restoration Program Update Kootenai River Habitat Restoration Program Update Kootenai Tribe of Idaho Kootenai Valley Resource Initiative November 19, 2012 Bonners Ferry, Idaho Changes to Kootenai Basin Beaver trapping Floodplain

More information

Session C1 - Applying the Stream Functions Pyramid to Geomorphic Assessments and Restoration Design

Session C1 - Applying the Stream Functions Pyramid to Geomorphic Assessments and Restoration Design University of Massachusetts - Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish

More information

Blue Mountain Province

Blue Mountain Province Rolling Provincial Review: Implementation 2001-2003 Province 23 Columbia Basin Fish & Wildlife Authority Province FY 2001-2003 Spending Summaries NPCC Recommendations and BPA Spending by Project Category,

More information

Geomorphic Assessment of the Middle and Lower Swan Lake Watershed, Calhoun Division of Two Rivers National Wildlife Refuge.

Geomorphic Assessment of the Middle and Lower Swan Lake Watershed, Calhoun Division of Two Rivers National Wildlife Refuge. Geomorphic Assessment of the Middle and Lower Swan Lake Watershed, Calhoun Division of Two Rivers National Wildlife Refuge Report Figures 33 34 Figure 1. Location of Middle and Lower Swan Lake watersheds

More information

Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes

Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Natural Shoreline Landscapes on Michigan Inland Lakes Excerpts from Chapters 2 and 3 Photo Photo by Jane by Jane Herbert Herbert Did you know? Twenty-four species of amphibians, 25 species of reptiles,

More information

Why Stabilizing the Stream As-Is is Not Enough

Why Stabilizing the Stream As-Is is Not Enough Why Stabilizing the Stream As-Is is Not Enough Several examples of alternatives to the County s design approach have been suggested. A common theme of these proposals is a less comprehensive effort focusing

More information

CR AAO Bridge. Dead River Flood & Natural Channel Design. Mitch Koetje Water Resources Division UP District

CR AAO Bridge. Dead River Flood & Natural Channel Design. Mitch Koetje Water Resources Division UP District CR AAO Bridge Dead River Flood & Natural Channel Design Mitch Koetje Water Resources Division UP District Old County Road AAO Bridge Map courtesy of Marquette County Silver Lake Basin McClure Basin

More information

Calapooia Basin RBA Snorkel Survey Brief. Surveys conducted by Bio-Surveys, LLC. (Steve Trask and Conrad Gowell)

Calapooia Basin RBA Snorkel Survey Brief. Surveys conducted by Bio-Surveys, LLC. (Steve Trask and Conrad Gowell) 2013-2014 Calapooia Basin RBA Snorkel Survey Brief Surveys conducted by Bio-Surveys, LLC. (Steve Trask and Conrad Gowell) Analysis and Reporting prepared by: Steve Trask / Senior Fish Biologist Introduction

More information

YUBA COUNTY WATER AGENCY

YUBA COUNTY WATER AGENCY YUBA COUNTY WATER AGENCY Representative Site Selection Above Englebright Reservoir Stream Fish, Aquatic BMI, Aquatic Mollusks Yuba County Water Agency Yuba River Development Project FERC Project No. 2246

More information

4 CHANNEL HABITAT TYPING

4 CHANNEL HABITAT TYPING Upper Williamson River Watershed Assessment 4 CHANNEL HABITAT TYPING INTRODUCTION METHODS Classification of stream channels within a watershed is an important part of understanding the inherent spatial

More information

HUMAN IMPACTS AND RIVER CHANNEL ADJUSTMENT, NORTHEASTERN OREGON: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESTORATION. Patricia F. McDowell 1 INTRODUCTION

HUMAN IMPACTS AND RIVER CHANNEL ADJUSTMENT, NORTHEASTERN OREGON: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESTORATION. Patricia F. McDowell 1 INTRODUCTION Forthcoming in: Riparian Ecology and Management in Multi-Land Use Watersheds Symposium Proceedings, American Water Resources Association, Annual International Summer Specialty Conference, August 27-30,

More information

May 7, Roger Leventhal, P.E. Marin County Public Works Laurel Collins Watershed Sciences

May 7, Roger Leventhal, P.E. Marin County Public Works Laurel Collins Watershed Sciences May 7, 2013 Roger Leventhal, P.E. Marin County Public Works Laurel Collins Watershed Sciences Background Funded in 2009 under EPA 2100 Grant for $30k and managed by SFEP Project Goals: Update original

More information

Tom Ballestero University of New Hampshire. 1 May 2013

Tom Ballestero University of New Hampshire. 1 May 2013 Tom Ballestero University of New Hampshire 1 May 2013 1 Hydrology 2 Basic Hydrology Low flows most common Flows that fill the stream to the banks and higher are much less common Filling the stream to the

More information

Thinking Outside the Box (Culvert) Making difficult decisions for Fish Passage. Dave Stewart Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife

Thinking Outside the Box (Culvert) Making difficult decisions for Fish Passage. Dave Stewart Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Thinking Outside the Box (Culvert) Making difficult decisions for Fish Passage Dave Stewart Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Overview Fish Passage History Fast Version Where are we at Now Approval

More information

APPENDIX E. GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MONTORING REPORT Prepared by Steve Vrooman, Keystone Restoration Ecology September 2013

APPENDIX E. GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MONTORING REPORT Prepared by Steve Vrooman, Keystone Restoration Ecology September 2013 APPENDIX E GEOMORPHOLOGICAL MONTORING REPORT Prepared by Steve Vrooman, Keystone Restoration Ecology September 2 Introduction Keystone Restoration Ecology (KRE) conducted geomorphological monitoring in

More information

Tom Glass, B.S. Whitman College Sarah Wasssmund, B.S. Humboldt State University Edgar Verdin, B.S. Portland State University Kelsi Lakey, B.S.

Tom Glass, B.S. Whitman College Sarah Wasssmund, B.S. Humboldt State University Edgar Verdin, B.S. Portland State University Kelsi Lakey, B.S. Tom Glass, B.S. Whitman College Sarah Wasssmund, B.S. Humboldt State University Edgar Verdin, B.S. Portland State University Kelsi Lakey, B.S. Washington State University Overview 1. Background 2. History

More information

Gully Erosion Part 1 GULLY EROSION AND ITS CAUSES. Introduction. The mechanics of gully erosion

Gully Erosion Part 1 GULLY EROSION AND ITS CAUSES. Introduction. The mechanics of gully erosion Gully Erosion Part 1 GULLY EROSION AND ITS CAUSES Gully erosion A complex of processes whereby the removal of soil is characterised by incised channels in the landscape. NSW Soil Conservation Service,

More information

Habitat Assessment. Peggy Compton UW-Extension Water Action Volunteers Program Coordinator

Habitat Assessment. Peggy Compton UW-Extension Water Action Volunteers Program Coordinator Habitat Assessment Peggy Compton UW-Extension Water Action Volunteers Program Coordinator Adapted from a presentation by Jean Unmuth, Water Quality Biologist, WI DNR dnr.wi.gov www.uwex.edu erc.cals.wisc.edu

More information

Technical Memorandum. To: From: Copies: Date: 10/19/2017. Subject: Project No.: Greg Laird, Courtney Moore. Kevin Pilgrim and Travis Stroth

Technical Memorandum. To: From: Copies: Date: 10/19/2017. Subject: Project No.: Greg Laird, Courtney Moore. Kevin Pilgrim and Travis Stroth Technical Memorandum To: From: Greg Laird, Courtney Moore Kevin Pilgrim and Travis Stroth 5777 Central Avenue Suite 228 Boulder, CO 80301 www.otak.com Copies: [Electronic submittal] Date: 10/19/2017 Subject:

More information

The River Restoration Centre therrc.co.uk. Understanding Fluvial Processes: supporting River Restoration. Dr Jenny Mant

The River Restoration Centre therrc.co.uk. Understanding Fluvial Processes: supporting River Restoration. Dr Jenny Mant The River Restoration Centre therrc.co.uk Understanding Fluvial Processes: supporting River Restoration Dr Jenny Mant Jenny@therrc.co.uk Understanding your catchment Hydrology Energy associated with the

More information

Columbia Estuary Province

Columbia Estuary Province Rolling Provincial Review: Implementation 2001-2004 Province 73 Columbia Basin Fish & Wildlife Authority Province FY 2001-2004 Spending Summaries NPCC Recommendations and BPA Spending by Project Category,

More information

EAGLES NEST AND PIASA ISLANDS

EAGLES NEST AND PIASA ISLANDS EAGLES NEST AND PIASA ISLANDS HABITAT REHABILITATION AND ENHANCEMENT PROJECT MADISON AND JERSEY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ST. LOUIS DISTRICT FACT SHEET I. LOCATION The proposed

More information

DESCHUTES RIVER BANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ASSESSMENT

DESCHUTES RIVER BANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ASSESSMENT DESCHUTES RIVER BANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ASSESSMENT Prepared for: Deschutes River Conservancy 700 NW Hill Street Bend, Oregon 97701 Prepared by: River Design Group, Inc. 6029 SW 33 rd Place Portland,

More information

Case Study 2: Twenty-mile Creek Rock Fords

Case Study 2: Twenty-mile Creek Rock Fords Case Study : Twenty-mile Creek Rock Fords Location Crossing Description Washington. Okanagan National Forest. Methow Valley Ranger District. Chewuch river basin, East Chewuch Road. The Twenty-mile Creek

More information

River Nith restoration, cbec UK Ltd, October 2013 APPENDIX A

River Nith restoration, cbec UK Ltd, October 2013 APPENDIX A APPENDIX A FLUVIAL AUDIT METHOD STATEMENT Fluvial Audit Methodology INTRODUCTION The procedure used to characterize the geomorphic and sedimentary regimes of the River Till is an adaptation of the Fluvial

More information

Appendix I: The Summit-at-Snoqualmie Master Development Plan Proposal FEIS Physical and Biological Resource Data Tables

Appendix I: The Summit-at-Snoqualmie Master Development Plan Proposal FEIS Physical and Biological Resource Data Tables Appendix I: The Summit-at-Snoqualmie Master Development Plan Proposal FEIS Physical and Biological Resource Data Tables DPC Tables Rationale for DPC Analysis Parameters for 7 th Field Watersheds for The

More information

EFFECTS OF RIPARIAN RETENTION (IN WATERSHEDS) ON ALLUVIAL FANS

EFFECTS OF RIPARIAN RETENTION (IN WATERSHEDS) ON ALLUVIAL FANS EFFECTS OF RIPARIAN RETENTION (IN WATERSHEDS) ON ALLUVIAL FANS TIM GILES GEOMORPHOLOGIST FLNRO EFFECTS OF RIPARIAN RETENTION (IN WATERSHEDS) ON ALLUVIAL FANS Description of alluvial fans Three case studies

More information

Historical channel change on the Upper Gila River, Arizona and New Mexico in response to anthropogenic modifications and extreme floods

Historical channel change on the Upper Gila River, Arizona and New Mexico in response to anthropogenic modifications and extreme floods Historical channel change on the Upper Gila River, Arizona and New Mexico in response to anthropogenic modifications and extreme floods www.archives.gov www.paztcn.wr.usgs.gov wrh.noaa.gov Upper Gila River

More information

Elevation (ft) Slope ( ) County CONDITION CATEGORY. Parameter Natural Condition Slightly impacted Moderately Impacted Heavily Impacted

Elevation (ft) Slope ( ) County CONDITION CATEGORY. Parameter Natural Condition Slightly impacted Moderately Impacted Heavily Impacted Version: 8/25/14 Meadow Name Date : / / MM DD YYYY GPS Location:. N. W GPS Datum (e.g., WGS 84, NAD 27) Elevation (ft) Slope ( ) County Watershed (HUC8) Landowner USGS Quad Name Observers: 7.5 or 15 (circle

More information

7.1 COMPONENTS OF THE HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION 7.2 HABITAT SAMPLING LOCATIONS WITHIN THE SAMPLING REACH 7.3 LOGISTICS AND WORK FLOW 7

7.1 COMPONENTS OF THE HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION 7.2 HABITAT SAMPLING LOCATIONS WITHIN THE SAMPLING REACH 7.3 LOGISTICS AND WORK FLOW 7 7 PHYSICAL HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION...97 7.1 COMPONENTS OF THE HABITAT CHARACTERIZATION...101 7.2 HABITAT SAMPLING LOCATIONS WITHIN THE SAMPLING REACH...103 7.3 LOGISTICS AND WORK FLOW...105 7.4 THALWEG

More information

Mobrand to Jones and Stokes. Sustainable Fisheries Management Use of EDT

Mobrand to Jones and Stokes. Sustainable Fisheries Management Use of EDT Sustainable Fisheries Management Use of EDT Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment EDT EDT designed to provide a practical, science-based approach for developing and implementing watershed plans. Provides decision

More information

Watershed Assessment of River Stability and Sediment Supply: Advancing the Science of Watershed Analysis

Watershed Assessment of River Stability and Sediment Supply: Advancing the Science of Watershed Analysis Watershed Assessment of River Stability and Sediment Supply: Advancing the Science of Watershed Analysis 2009 MWEA Annual Conference Rob Myllyoja, CET rmyllyoja@hrc-engr.com Watershed Assessment of River

More information

Flood and Stream Restoration

Flood and Stream Restoration 2 3 4 Pedestrian bridge under construction 3 CSPs perched on DS side Large area of sand deposition Bottom layer of gabions has been scoured out large bar of gabion stone Gabions slumping bank slope failure

More information

Unconventional Wisdom and the Effects of Dams on Downstream Coarse Sediment Supply. Byron Amerson, Jay Stallman, John Wooster, and Derek Booth

Unconventional Wisdom and the Effects of Dams on Downstream Coarse Sediment Supply. Byron Amerson, Jay Stallman, John Wooster, and Derek Booth Unconventional Wisdom and the Effects of Dams on Downstream Coarse Sediment Supply 3 February 2009 Byron Amerson, Jay Stallman, John Wooster, and Derek Booth Sultan River, WA OBJECTIVE Consider the landscape

More information

NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA

NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA QUAKER RUN Stream and Wetland Restoration As-Built Completion Report and First Year Monitoring Data Coal Township NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA Upstream Before Upstream After Prepared for: COAL TOWNSHIP 805

More information

Perspectives on river restoration science, geomorphic processes, and channel stability

Perspectives on river restoration science, geomorphic processes, and channel stability Perspectives on river restoration science, geomorphic processes, and channel stability Stream Restoration Forum: Science and Regulatory Connections Andrew C. Wilcox Department of Geosciences University

More information

Stream Simulation: A Simple Example

Stream Simulation: A Simple Example Stream Simulation: A Simple Example North Thompson Creek, CO Paul T. Anderson U.S.D.A. Forest Service Here s How We Started May 2011 2-1 USDA-Forest Service Here s How We Finished Forest Service Aquatic

More information

Attachment D. Technical Memorandum, Susitna River Large Woody Debris Reconnaissance (March 2013)

Attachment D. Technical Memorandum, Susitna River Large Woody Debris Reconnaissance (March 2013) Attachment D Technical Memorandum, Susitna River Large Woody Debris Reconnaissance (March 2013) Technical Memorandum Susitna River Large Woody Debris Reconnaissance Susitna- Watana Hydroelectric Project

More information

Step 6: Rapid Habitat Assessment (RHA)

Step 6: Rapid Habitat Assessment (RHA) Step 6: Rapid Habitat Assessment (RHA) Background Physical processes, combined with chemical constituents and biological interactions, are what determine biological productivity and diversity; and, in

More information

The Interaction Between Trees and the Landscape Through Debris Flows

The Interaction Between Trees and the Landscape Through Debris Flows The Interaction Between Trees and the Landscape Through Debris Flows Stephen T. Lancaster 1, Shannon K. Hayes 1, and Gordon E. Grant 2 1. Dept. of Geosciences, Oregon State University (slancast@fsl.orst.edu)

More information

Diagnostic Geomorphic Methods for Understanding Future Behavior of Lake Superior Streams What Have We Learned in Two Decades?

Diagnostic Geomorphic Methods for Understanding Future Behavior of Lake Superior Streams What Have We Learned in Two Decades? Diagnostic Geomorphic Methods for Understanding Future Behavior of Lake Superior Streams What Have We Learned in Two Decades? Faith Fitzpatrick USGS WI Water Science Center, Middleton, WI fafitzpa@usgs.gov

More information

Restoring Meanders to Straightened Rivers 1.7 Reconnecting remnant meanders

Restoring Meanders to Straightened Rivers 1.7 Reconnecting remnant meanders .7 Reconnecting remnant meanders River Little Ouse Location - Thetford, Norfolk TL87082 Date of construction - 994 Length 900m Cost 5,000 Maximum extent of flooding during winter floods BTO boundary Small

More information

Step 5: Channel Bed and Planform Changes

Step 5: Channel Bed and Planform Changes Step 5: Channel Bed and Planform Changes When disturbed, streams go through a series of adjustments to regain equilibrium with the flow and sediment supply of their watersheds. These adjustments often

More information

APPENDIX 4B FOOTHILL YELLOW-LEGGED FROG SURVEY DATASHEETS AND STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (BASED ON SELTENRICH AND POOL,

APPENDIX 4B FOOTHILL YELLOW-LEGGED FROG SURVEY DATASHEETS AND STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (BASED ON SELTENRICH AND POOL, APPENDIX 4B FOOTHILL YELLOW-LEGGED FROG SURVEY DATASHEETS AND STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (BASED ON SELTENRICH AND POOL, 2002) February 2004 PacifiCorp Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog Klamath River Visual

More information

West Branch of the St. Mary s River Restoration Project 2017 Post Construction Report

West Branch of the St. Mary s River Restoration Project 2017 Post Construction Report West Branch of the St. Mary s River Restoration Project 2017 Post Construction Report Department of Fisheries and Oceans Small Craft Harbours Branch August, 2017 Charles MacInnis, B.Sc. MacInnis Natural

More information

Gravel Transport Study Report for Energy Northwest's Packwood Lake Hydroelectric Project FERC No Lewis County, Washington

Gravel Transport Study Report for Energy Northwest's Packwood Lake Hydroelectric Project FERC No Lewis County, Washington Final Gravel Transport Study Report for Energy Northwest's Packwood Lake Hydroelectric Project FERC No. 2244 Lewis County, Washington Submitted to P.O. Box 968 Richland, Washington 99352-0968 Submitted

More information

Four Mile Run Levee Corridor Stream Restoration

Four Mile Run Levee Corridor Stream Restoration Four Mile Run Levee Corridor Stream Restoration 30% Design Summary U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Baltimore District Presentation Outline Four Mile Run 1.) Historic Perspective 2.) Existing Conditions 3.)

More information

What is a watershed or landscape perspective?

What is a watershed or landscape perspective? What is a watershed or landscape perspective? -remove sediment -add sediment -add wood, riparian manipulation -alter (engineer) channel/floodplain morphology -restore/abandon roads You are here What is

More information

Black Gore Creek 2013 Sediment Source Monitoring and TMDL Sediment Budget

Black Gore Creek 2013 Sediment Source Monitoring and TMDL Sediment Budget Black Gore Creek 2013 Sediment Source Monitoring and TMDL Sediment Budget Prepared for: Prepared By: - I. Introduction The Black Gore Creek Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) was developed in collaboration

More information

River Response. Sediment Water Wood. Confinement. Bank material. Channel morphology. Valley slope. Riparian vegetation.

River Response. Sediment Water Wood. Confinement. Bank material. Channel morphology. Valley slope. Riparian vegetation. River Response River Response Sediment Water Wood Confinement Valley slope Channel morphology Bank material Flow obstructions Riparian vegetation climate catchment vegetation hydrological regime channel

More information

NATURE OF RIVERS B-1. Channel Function... ALLUVIAL FEATURES. ... to successfully carry sediment and water from the watershed. ...dissipate energy.

NATURE OF RIVERS B-1. Channel Function... ALLUVIAL FEATURES. ... to successfully carry sediment and water from the watershed. ...dissipate energy. 1 2 Function... Sevier River... to successfully carry sediment and water from the watershed....dissipate energy. 3 ALLUVIAL FEATURES 4 CHANNEL DIMENSION The purpose of a stream is to carry water and sediment

More information