Open Source Online Geospatial Interfaces to Multiscale Indicators

Transcription

1 Open Source Online Geospatial Interfaces to Multiscale Indicators Cesare Furlanello With Giorgio Guzzetta, G. Allegri, A. Galea, and MPA Solutions FBK, Trento, Italy Innovative Approaches to Turning Statistics into Knowledge Stockholm, 26 May 2008, 1

2 OUTLINE 1. FBK Interfaces for Visualizing Indicators The MITRIS Integrated Monitoring System The INTERSOS Humanitarian Response WebGIS 2. Reviewing the Technology Stack Open Source Components Integrating Spatial data and Statistical Indicators 3. Interacting with data, models, experts Life Cycle: for Data and Models Towards Collaborative Knowledge Discovery Processes 2

3 MITRIS The integrated WebGIS system for Monitoring Road Traffic Safety in the Province of Trento, Italy About 20, 000 records described by up to 180 variables, including health consequences 100+ Public contributors involved into data collection All processes regarding data collection and statistical analysis of road accidents have been accelerated, unified and linked together in the spatial framework: Regional Government, Police Corps, local Administrations, Health Agency, Central Public Administration 3

4 RESULTS 1. The shared central data infrastructure supports one data collection and analysis process for Trentino (0.5 ML Inhab, 223 municipalities) 2. Tools for evaluating priorities, responsiveness, effectiveness of interventions: risk indicators Standards and formats (XML, support of quality control, privacy issues) Provide ante-post analyses, maps, best practices, predictive methods, support to intervention for mitigation Estimate social/health costs corresponding to each critical location and then to risk patterns A full open source solution, developed through 4 different national projects. Now being extended to Friuli-Venezia Giulia (region of 1.2 ML inh., 219 Municipalities) 4

5 DATA INTERFACE AVAILABLE TABS Special Overlays Search: towns, road codes, linear referencing systems, toponyms, civic numbers. Stats Data Table Export Automatic Report 5 5

6 STATISTICS AND GRAPHIC DISPLAYS interactive analysis on (SQL+spatial) queries 6

7 IDENTIFICATION OF TARGETS FOR PUBLIC INTERVENTION: Alcohol-correlated crashes MITRIS-UNPSA2008 7

8 Non local drivers SEARCHING RISK PATTERNS C9: NON local drivers Results: Accident density map motor vehicle crash injuries, 2002/2003 Different risk density found as a function of driver residence (local vs non local). Northern Garda lake area, (Resolution: 100m) Crash density (acc/hm/year) MITRIS SISS 2005 Riva del Garda 8

9 Non local drivers SEARCHING RISK PATTERNS C9: local drivers Results: Accident density map motor vehicle crash injuries, 2002/2003 Different risk density found as a function of driver residence (local vs non local). Northern Garda lake area, (Resolution: 100m) Crash density (acc/hm/year) MITRIS SISS 2005 Riva del Garda 9

10 AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF EMERGING RISK PATTERNS Geospatial risks analysis Risk density is daily recomputed over the road network Identification of high-risk sites and of increasing risk patterns Comparison with previous warning in the same locations black lists Automatic reporting Enrichment analysis and automatic annotation for the risk sites HTML reports and alerts sent to public servants: infrastructure checks enforced, prevention measures taken Multiscale analysis over the road network 10

11 MITRIS: ALERT An early warning system is active since Spring 2006 in the Province of Trento: central and local managers of the Road Maintenance Service receive an automated periodical report of over-threshold risk locations, risk patterns over spatio-temporal clusters; black lists. 11

12 THE INTERSOS HR-WEBGIS A pilot Open-Source WebGIS platform developed by INTERSOS, with the technical support of FBK and its spin-off MPA Solutions, to support returnee monitoring in West Darfur (Sudan) for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). A second infrastructure has been developed for Chad. Standardization of movement information from the tables (PHP) Calculation of nearest border points for movt. to Chad border (SQL) PostGreSQL query [RdbiPgSQL] >2500 movt. in ; total population involved: >1 M 12

13 GAP FUNCTION IN THE WEBGIS THE PLATFORM The MITRIS client-server architecture & internal engine + geostatistical indicator functions Gap analysis maps graphs indicators shapefiles sp grass6 spat stat Rdbi PgSQL Prototype Gap Analysis module for the calculation and display of spatiotemporal indicators on gaps Application: access to safe water resources by UNICEF standards Data PL/R: integration of R functions within PostgreSQL/PostGIS + 13

14 THE GAP ANALYSIS MODULE A WebGIS upgrade From data interface to extractor of strategic knowledge No need for the user to master complex geostatistical or GIS scripts. 14

15 THE MOV-TRACKING MODULE movt. with same destination and date + similar length and direction intensity of collapsed movt. (hhs involved): sum of simple movt. origin of collapsed movt.: average of origins weighted by intensity before-crisis population density isolines on abandoned or destroyed villages larrows from origin to destination of collapsed movements color related to movt. intensity double color scale: ordinary movt. vs. very intense extraordinary movt.

16 THE TECHNOLOGY STACK: MITRIS 2005 Presentation layer WebGIS MapServer + Rosa Applet (Java) Charts JPGraph Stat. Analysis Business layer Map Services MapServer Web Server Apache + Php Php GIS Analysis Grass Data layer PostGreSQL PostGIS Ext. Statistical Data Catalogs 16

17 THE TECHNOLOGY STACK: MITRIS 2007 Presentation layer WebGIS MapBuilder OpenLayers Charts Pear + phpplot Stat. Analysis Business layer Map Services MapServer Web Server Apache + Php R + PL/R GIS Analysis Grass + Grass Server Data layer PostGreSQL PostGIS Ext. Statistical Data Catalogs 17

18 THE TECHNOLOGY STACK: 2008 Presentation layer WebGIS MapBuilder OpenLayers Charts WebCharts + Flash OFC ActionScripts Model Consolle Stat. Analysis Business layer Map Services MapServer GeoServer FeatureServer Web Server Apache + Php Model Catalog R + PL/R SAGE GIS Analysis OSGEO sw (incl. Grass) Data Access Data layer Data Repository PostGreSQL PostGIS Data Catalog GeoNetworks Stat Data Catalog 18

19 ECONOMIC TERRITORIAL INTERFACE - IET PostgreSQL/PostGIS + Mapserver OGC Services (WMS)/Mapscript + OpenLayers + OFC + Google Motion Chart 19

20 Interacting with? [From our experience with vertical WebGIS + ML solutions] To promote a culture of evidence-based decision making, we not only need to provide access to statistics (the data, the tools), but also the skills on how to build knowledge from them. The laymen who want to transform statistics into knowledge certainly need: - easy access to data - intuitive visualization of data on charts and maps - technical instruments to interact with them... but also (and more importantly): - A support to adequately implement all the steps of the knowledge process Because the tools of the Future Internet are accelerators, but cannot substitute a solid, possibly creative, collaborative process of knowledge building. 20

21 with Models? The process of knowledge creation requires building a model, typically by iteration. In a rough summary, the steps are: An initial curiosity, driven by a statistical question and then: Locating and retrieving the correct data Preprocessing Building a first model Criticizing and falsifying Refining the model Validating Patterns in the data may be discovered starting from a first simpler model, leading to more complex knowledge. 21

22 Life Cycle We need to maintain knowledge, support reuse, ensure replicability of the collective progress in using statistical data and technologies. A. Understand Data Life Cycle in Data and Models Metadata support in SDMX and DDI, including support of capturing of metadata regarding researcher activity Workflows are being devised in other communities: scientific grid computing, bioinformatics, ecoinformatics (Kepler project). Not an easy concept. B. Create a new concept of knowledge bases on the complete process of using data and technologies How to reuse and modify an existing model? Which modern solutions to share scientific scripting with the masses? 22

23 with a community of experts? A knowledge base of case studies is a good starting point but it is not enough. Users need tools to interact with the experts providing support. Examples: Ticketing on a community of experts to obtain guidelines on the process to solution of a problem Appropriate consensus mechanisms to derive answers to Frequently Asked Questions related to progress indicator Store, share and create a synthesis from questions and solutions by the new generations of analysts. How to store and share enthusiasm for discovery? Such an online interactive assistance system should be inspired to the first session of analysis that consultant specialists have with the client in the early phases of a new study. Web2.0: creating process of sociality, data sharing, opinion Web2.5: creating structured processes of knowledge 23