Atoms and Elements - Exercises Key

Transcription

1 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 3 atch the Words with the definitions chlorine B something that is not mixed with anything else B pure different forms of an element ore H to make something shiny and bright jewellery J red substance in your body that has iron in it and carries oxygen boil made up of two or more elements isotope a greenish, yellow gas with a strong smell fertilizer H polish Q something that you put into the soil to make plants grow the middle part of an atom with protons and neutrons acid rock that has metal in it J haemoglobin when a liquid becomes hot enough so that it turns into gas K limestone to breathe in something fertilizer when gas becomes liquid compound power plant something that you put into the soil to make plants grow small things that you wear that have gold and silver in them inhale building where electricity is produced condense K a kind of rock that has calcium in it Q nucleus strong liquid that can burn holes in materials or damage your skin

2 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 4 fill in the blanks with the words from the box! break charge electrons he nucleus is in the middle of an atom. t is made up of protons and neutrons. t has almost all of an atom s mass. lectrons fly around in an atom very quickly. hey move in paths called shells. he inner path can hold only two electrons, the outer paths up to 32. ach proton has a positive electrical charge. lectrons have a negative charge. he energy of the nucleus keeps the electrons in its orbit. But they often want to break away from the atom. ometimes one electron is shared by two different atoms. energy mass negative nucleus orbit protons shared shells 5 fill in the blanks with the words from the box! bicycles carbon dioxide arbon is one of the most important elements on earth. ll living creatures have carbon in their bodies. arbon get together with other elements and can build long chains. arbon and hydrogen are, for example in petroleum and gas. arbon dioxide is in the air that we breathe out. ure carbon cannot be found very often. iamonds consist of carbon in its purest form. hey are formed under the earth s crust at very high temperature and under a lot of pressure. ndustries use diamonds to make drilling heads for oilfields. raphite is another form of carbon. t is very light and used for pencils, tennis rackets and bicycles. chains consist creatures crust elements graphite hydrogen light oilfields pressure

3 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 3 6 rue or alse? lectrons do not have an electric charge. lectrons that move around in the inner shells travel fast. he atomic number tells you how many protons an atom has. ll elements can be found in nature. ometimes elements have more neutrons than protons. ons are atoms that gain or lose electrons. When you split an atom a lot of energy is created. ompounds are atoms that have the same nucleus. rganic compounds always have hydrogen atoms in them. sotopes of an element always have the same number of protons. 8 ind the correct answers 1a - 2c - 3b - 4a - 5b - 6a - 7c - 8c - 9b - 10b - 11c - 12 a - 13a - 14b - 15a - 16c

4 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 4 9 rossword - ind the right elements! H B H X 10 rossword B Q

5 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 5 11 What do you associate with these pictures? ill in from the box below! helium hydrogen gold carbon iron aluminium chlorine xygen ranium aluminium carbon chlorine gold helium hydrogen iron oxygen uranium

6 nglish cross he urriculum toms and lements - xercises Key 6 12 atch art in with a art in B to form a complete sentence! Hydrocarbons are compounds that only have hydrogen and carbon in them. Helium is a light gas that is used to fill balloons. itrogen is a colourless gas that makes up 78 % of the earth s atmosphere. ron ore is melted at very high temperature. he industry uses diamonds to cut or polish other hard objects. hlorine is used to make water in swimming pools cleaner. bout 8 % of the earth s crust is made up of aluminium. old gets into rivers where it sinks to the bottom. Bauxite is found in rocks of subtropical and tropical countries. ron helps our bodies create haemoglobin.