Lesson 9: States of Matter

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1 Lesson 9: States of Matter

2 Do Now 6O, 6S Take out HW 6.14 to be checked. Copy info into CJ keep CJ out and open on desk throughout class. On Do Now Page #5, copy and answer: 1. If you use a magnet to separate iron filings from sand, you are / are not changing the identity of the iron. 2. True / False : Centrifugation is used to separate dissolved solids out of solution. 3. What separation technique should be used to separate dissolved minerals from lake water? 4. Solids have a shape and a volume.

3 Do Now 6S, Ga, O Take out HW 6.15 to be checked. Copy info into CJ keep CJ out and open on desk throughout class. On Do Now Page #5, copy and answer: 1. Colloids like milk are mixtures ml = cm 3 3. The state has particles that are close together but slide quickly past one another. 4. Changing phase from solid to gas is called.

4 Lesson 9: States of Matter

5 Solid definite volume and definite shape particles that are close together and only vibrating in place

6 Liquid definite volume but no definite shape particles that are close together but can slide past one another

7 gas don t have definite shape or volume; they can be compressed particles that are constantly moving and can either be close or far apart

9 Changes in State

10 sublimation melting evaporation vaporization boiling freezing condensation SOLID LIQUID GAS deposition

11 Changes in State A change in state is a change because the chemical identity of the substance is. Chemical physical unchanged changes occur when the chemical identity of the substance is changed.

12 Changes in State The equation H 2 O (l) H 2 O (s) physical The chemical composition is unchanged describes a change because. and the atoms did not break or form bonds The equation H 2 O (l) H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) chemical Chemical bonds were broken; identity of describes a change because. substance changed

13 Energy and Changes in State When physical or chemical changes occur, is always involved. energy Particles (atoms/compounds) in the gas phase have more energy than particles in the liquid or solid phase.

14 Energy and Changes in State

15 HW review + Volume Displacement Demo

16 Important Differences between physical states: Distance between the particles Amount of energy the particles have particles = atoms, compounds, molecules of the substance

17 Review 1. Which of the following does not have a uniform composition? a. Pure water c. oxygen gas b. Salt water d. salad 2. Which of the following is made up of only one type of atom? a. NO c. CO b. He d. MgS 3. Which of the following represents a mixture? a. NaCl (s) c. NaCl (g) b. NaCl (l) d. NaCl (aq)

18 Label each particle diagram as pure element, pure compound, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture. Include phases in descriptions.

19 Answers to particle diagrams 1. Heterogeneous mixture of diatomic gaseous element and liquid element 2. Heterogeneous mixture of two liquid elements 3. Heterogeneous mixture of to diatomic gaseous elements 4. Pure liquid compound 5. Homogeneous mixture of two liquid elements 6. Heterogeneous mixture of two solid elements 7. Pure diatomic gaseous element 8. Pure solid element

20 Answers to particle diagrams A. Is pointing to an element and a molecule B. Is pointing to a compound and a molecule C. Is pointing to an element

21 Using your phase change vocabulary, describe each scenario: 1. At room temperature, carbon dioxide changes phase immediately from a solid to a gas. sublimation 2. As snow is formed in clouds, water vapor changes directly from a gas to solid ice. deposition 3. When the sun comes out, it warms the snow on the ground and the ice turns to water. melting 4. Water appears on the outside of a cold can of soda. The water vapor in the air has been cooled into liquid condensation

22 Using your phase change vocabulary, describe each scenario: 5. Puddles of water disappear from the sidewalks on a warm day. evaporation 6. Silver vapor is put into a vacuum chamber onto a surface to make a solid layer for a mirror. deposition 7. Using rock salt and ice to turn sweetened cream into ice cream. freezing 8. Ice directly transitions into water vapor on a cold, windy winter day. sublimation 9. Steam rises from a pot of heated water. vaporization / boiling

23 In physical changes, the mass and chemical identity of the substance stays the same Q: If a 5g piece of ice melts, what is the mass of the liquid water (assuming no evaporation)? A: 5 grams.

2-1: Describing Matter. 8 th Grade Physical Sciences

2-1: Describing Matter. 8 th Grade Physical Sciences 8 th Grade Physical Sciences What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Properties of Matter Matter can be described in many ways; hard, soft, heavy, light, rough, smooth,