Integration of biogeochemical processes in food web model: Step towards an E2E conceptualization of marine ecosystems
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1 Integration of biogeochemical processes in food web model: Step towards an E2E conceptualization of marine ecosystems general concept, idea, personal beliefs (C. Solidoro )
2 A model is a representation of reality (it captures essential features/ particular aspects of reality) BGC model strive for simplicity (as simple as possible ) however..
3 Nature might not be simple ( and biology is not physic) Nature is more than BGC cycles simplicity might be theoretical elegant, but might not be an option (as simple as possible & as compex as needed) REALSIM MODEL FOR PURPOSE GENERALITY ACCURACY
4 different purposes, different models.. in a nutshell..focus on what you are (most interested in ) without forget its interactions with the rest of the universe (but those can be modelled with less details) de young et al 2004 what s the universe of a fish?
5 Food web modelling Stock assessment models (VPA, LCA) Multispecies models (MSVPA) Individual Based models (OSMOSE) Statistical models (GLM, GAM) Lotka-Volterra adapted multispecies models Trophic level Pauly et al., 1998 Biogeochemical models (NPZD) Number of species REALSIM GENERALITY ACCURACY
6 used to be bottom up
7 used to be bottom up.. or top down
8 used to be bottom up.. or top down.. or both Always focus on vertical dimension i.e. predation & transfer efficiency what of horizontal dimension? Competition? Symbiosis? BIODIVERSITY?
9 Space, time, biological detail (funct, realism, complexity) Time scale virus fito zoo fish whale Space scale
10 time scale virus fito zoo fish top TL space scale biological resolution E2E vs EcosysApproach??
11 HTL adult juvenile larvae BGC detr phyto zoo
12 TL biol detail/articulation
13 And if we are not intersed in fishery? Can we get rid of food web complexity, or is there any other reason to tolerate it? In coastal area recycling is more than microbial loop BGC model need BPC (BenticPelagicCoupling )
14 EWE still is a deterministic model, with all problems of deterministic models (CHOICE of functional forms, paraemter values, parameter identifiability, uncetainty, corroboration)
15 fundamental links: HTL predation flux control recycling BGC
16 perspectives/possibilities Incorporate BGC in EwE not a coupling (not modular) not feasable for 3D (hydrodynamic) technically not easy Incorporate EwE in BGC no advantages of ecopath (first estimate parameters from ecol constrains) no ecopath diagnostic for network analysis need to use different space-time resolution not a coupilng (not modular)
17 coupling brute force home made copuling HTL =htl(htl,ltl avg) LTL =ltl(htl,ltl ) averaging over time/space time
18 coupling the opposite and any combiantion is possible.. the choice of what is to be held constant while integrating other components is the choice of the links and of the scales Defintion of averaging scale and constant is the link
19 coupling Couplers: proessional, do the same, probably more efficient, less control need for EwE code (atuomated runs) DA! (sounds interesting but still have to try..) Box model (ECOSPACE) approach focus on large scale and coupling hydro-transport-bgc- FoodWeb at transport // BGC levels..
20 challenges Proper representation of Detritus and Nutrient cycling & Feedbacks from EwE to BGC model HTL predation flux control recycling Poorly defined in EwE (tehy are closure terms) deeply affect BGC LTL
21 challenges Resolution of planton community HTL (size is important, biology too) predation LTL zoo larvae juv fish flux control predation nut phyto microzoo zoo det recycling mero vs icthio Fish eat zoo Zoo eat fish larvae Boundaries bewteen HTL and LTL species are fuzzy and varying
22 CHOICE of Purpose (what do we want the model to reproduuce) Goal and cost function (happy if the model will do..) First step off line?? if so, choice of ouput from and input to BGC (defintion of temporal resolution) structure, functional forms, paraemter values, parameter identifiability, uncertainty, corroboration) BGC
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