STAAR Review Packet- Earth and Space

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NAME: STAAR Review Packet- Earth and Space 1 The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows how the brightness, surface temperature, and color of stars are related.

A Barnard s Star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature below 3,800K, and is red B Barnard s Star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature above 3,800K, and is red C

1 NAME: STAAR Review Packet- Earth and Space 1 The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows how the brightness, surface temperature, and color of stars are related. Which of these observations of Barnard s Star is most likely accurate? A Barnard s Star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature below 3,800K, and is red B Barnard s Star is less bright than the sun, has a surface temperature above 3,800K, and is red C Barnard s Star is brighter than the sun, has a surface temperature below 5,300K, and is yellow D Barnard s Star is brighter than the sun, has a surface temperature above 5,300K, and is yellow 2 A section of a topographic map is shown below. What is the difference in elevation in meters between Point X and Point Y on the map? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use the correct place value.

3 In the picture to the right, what most likely caused the changes to the cliff?

from clay to mud 4 Selena lives in Houston, Texas and is helping her father pack for a business

She looks at the calendar on the wall and notices that Houston is in its summer solstice.

A Bathing suit and short sleeve shirts B The same type of clothing he is currently wearing in

A Transform boundary B Divergent boundary C Subduction boundary D Convergent boundary 6 Miranda

2 3 In the picture to the right, what most likely caused the changes to the cliff? A Urban construction B Wind and water erosion C Deforestation D The type of soil has changed from clay to mud 4 Selena lives in Houston, Texas and is helping her father pack for a business trip to Australia. She looks at the calendar on the wall and notices that Houston is in its summer solstice. What type of items should Selena insist her father take on his trip to Australia? A Bathing suit and short sleeve shirts B The same type of clothing he is currently wearing in Houston C Sweaters and dark colored pants D Sun glasses and light colored pants 5 The model below shows two continental plates. The folded mountains in this model form at which type of plate boundary? A Transform boundary B Divergent boundary C Subduction boundary D Convergent boundary 6 Miranda was gazing at the stars while she was on a camping trip. She noticed that many stars had a similar bluish white color. What property was most likely the reason these stars looked alike? A Size B Distance to the Earth C Temperature D None of these 7 Which sea shell picture best represents our galaxy? A C B D

of the planets as well as their distance from each other. The students will be using the information listed below and balls of various sizes to create the model.

3 8 Which list below best demonstrates stars listed by their size (smallest to largest)? A Procyon, Mira, Sirius B B Mira, Polaris, Sirius B C Sirius B, Altair, Betelgeuse D Sirius B, Mira, Procyon 9 The students in an 8 th grade class are creating a model of the universe, showing size of the planets as well as their distance from each other. The students will be using the information listed below and balls of various sizes to create the model. What limitations would be present in the model by only using the chart? A The chart will not have any limitations B The chart will not display distances between or unique characteristics of the planets C The chart will not display size relationship in diameter between the planets D The chart will not be able to represent all the planets since balls do not differ in size enough to display all eight planets. 10 What is one condition that is necessary for a hurricane to form? A Warm ocean water B A strong cold front C Cold ocean water D A strong warm front 11 The satellite photograph below shows a large meteorite crater that is 1200 m in diameter and 170 m deep. This crater is located in a flat, arid part of northeastern Arizona. A It will get deeper as it fills with water B It will rise up like a volcanic crater C It will become less deep as the rim erodes D It will widen as it fills with lava 12 Which of these locations on Earth experiences the least change in the number of daylight hours throughout the year? A Equator B North Pole C Tropic of Cancer D Tropic of Capricorn

13 Earth would not have seasons if it- A no longer tilted on its axis B stopped rotatin on its axis C took an additional

picture below, which city will most likely be having its summer solstice in 180 days?

above, what phase will the moon be in 14 days (half way)? A B C D 16 A student sets up the investigation shown below.

4 13 Earth would not have seasons if it- A no longer tilted on its axis B stopped rotatin on its axis C took an additional month to orbit the sun D revolved around the sun in the opposite direction 14 If the Earth is tilted to the right as in the picture below, which city will most likely be having its summer solstice in 180 days? A Sidney, Australia B New York, New York C Buenos Aires, Argentina D McMurdo Station, Antarctica 15 Using the diagram shown above, what phase will the moon be in 14 days (half way)? A B C D 16 A student sets up the investigation shown below. The movement of colored water through the gravel best models- A Condensation of water vapor B Surface runoff of precipitation C Conservation of water D Pollution of groundwater

Use the diagram below to answer the next two questions. 17 Which two pictures show when tides would be higher than normal?

A 1 B 6 C 7 D 2 19 The thick black lines on the map below show the locations of mid-ocean ridges. Which geologic feature is most likely to form at a midocean ridge?

Forces build up, and when the plates finally move, tension is released, as shown below.

5 Use the diagram below to answer the next two questions. 17 Which two pictures show when tides would be higher than normal? A 4 and 8 B 2 and 6 C 6 and 8 D 2 and 4 18 Which picture demonstrates the phase of the moon 7 days after a waning gibbous moon? A 1 B 6 C 7 D 2 19 The thick black lines on the map below show the locations of mid-ocean ridges. Which geologic feature is most likely to form at a midocean ridge? A Pennincula B Volcano C Delta D Plateau 20 Sometimes tectonic plates do not move easilt past one another, and the plates become stuck. Forces build up, and when the plates finally move, tension is released, as shown below. The sudden movement of the plates is caused by- A The mass of the plates B The weight of the plates C Unbalanced forces D Gravitational force 21 What Moon phase occurs when the Sun, Earth, and Moon form a right triangle and the Moon is moving towards the Sun? (Hint: DRAW A PICTURE) E First Quarter F Waxing Gibbous G Last Quarter H Waning Crescent

22 Which topography map matches the picture below?

Which of these best explains why people on the Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way?

extremely small D The center of the galaxy consist of a dense cluster of stars 24 Between the North American and Pacific

6 22 Which topography map matches the picture below? A B C D 23 The Milky Way galaxy is described as a disk of stars orbiting a central point on the disk. Which of these best explains why people on the Earth cannot see the entire shape of the Milky Way? A Earth is a part of this galaxy B Many more stars exist outside the galaxy C The stars in the center of the galaxy are extremely small D The center of the galaxy consist of a dense cluster of stars 24 Between the North American and Pacific Plate, near Alaska, is the Aleutian Trench. It is an underwater feature formed by the movement of the two tectonic plates. What type of boundary exists between the two plates? A Divergent B Convergent C Transform D None of the above

25 Where would you be least likely to have subduction of crust occur? A none B 2 C 3 D 4 Use the diagram below to answer questions 15-17.

Using the picture provided, which answer would be the best regarding building a home on one of these elevated areas. A Mountain A would be a better choice to build a home.

7 25 Where would you be least likely to have subduction of crust occur? A none B 2 C 3 D 4 Use the diagram below to answer questions The people who live in Manitou Springs, Colorado build their homes on the sides of tall hills and small mountains. Using the picture provided, which answer would be the best regarding building a home on one of these elevated areas. A Mountain A would be a better choice to build a home. The mountain is the least steep and it would be easier to find a level surface to build the home B Mountain B would be a better choice to build a home. The mountain is the least steep and it would be easier to find a level surface to build the home C Mountain A would be a better choice to build a home. The mountain is the most steep and it would be easier to find a level surface to build the home D Mountain B would be a better choice to build a home. The mountain is the most steep and it would be easier to find a level surface to build the home 27 What is the approximate elevation difference between Mountains A and B? A 0 meters B 510 meters C 120 meters D 30 meters 28 Which mountain shows evidence of having a cliff? A A B B C A and B D Neither A or B

29 The Himalayan Mountains are formed at a convergent boundary between two continental plates. At which location are the Himalayan Mountains most likely located?

8 29 The Himalayan Mountains are formed at a convergent boundary between two continental plates. At which location are the Himalayan Mountains most likely located? A B B E C C D A 30 Between which two plates is a mid-ocean ridge most likely located? A Eurasian and African Plates B South American and African Plates C Nazca and South American Plates D Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates

Objective 3: Earth and Space Systems

Name Class Period: Objective 3: Earth and Space Systems 1. The diagram above shows the orbit of the moon around Earth. At which point in the moon s orbit will a person standing on Earth see a waxing crescent