Chapter 2 Planet Earth

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chapter 2 Planet Earth"

Transcription

1 Chapter 2 Planet Earth Section Notes Earth and the Sun s Energy Water on Earth The Land Close-up The Water Cycle World Almanac Major Eruptions in the Ring of Fire Quick Facts Chapter 2 Visual Summary Video Impact of Water on Earth Maps Ring of Fire Earth s Plates India: Physical Physical Map Images Solar Energy The Seasons: Northern Hemisphere Plate Separation Plate Collision Mount Saint Helens Eruption

2 Earth and the Sun s Energy The Big Idea Earth s movement and the sun s energy interact to create day and night, temperature changes, and the seasons. Main Ideas Earth s movement affects the amount of energy we receive from the sun. Earth s seasons are caused by the planet s tilt.

3 Main Idea 1: Earth s movement affects the amount of energy we receive from the sun. All life on Earth requires solar energy, or energy from the sun, to survive. Amount of solar energy received changes constantly Earth s rotation, revolution, tilt, and latitude all affect the amount of solar energy Earth receives.

4 Rotation and Revolution Rotation Earth spins on its axis an imaginary line that runs through the center of the planet around which it turns. It takes Earth 24 hours to make one rotation, or complete spin on its axis. As Earth spins, different parts of the planet face the sun, thus causing the changes from day to night. Revolution Earth follows an orbit, or path, around the sun. Orbit is not a perfect circle. It takes Earth 365¼ days to complete one revolution, or trip around the sun. Our calendar year is based on the time it takes Earth to complete its orbit.

5 Tilt and Latitude Tilt Earth s axis is tilted at an angle of 23½ degrees from vertical. At any give time of year, some places on Earth tilt toward the sun, and others tilt away. Places tilting toward the sun receive more solar energy and have warmer temperatures than those that tilt away. Latitude Latitude is the distance north or south of Earth s equator. Low-latitude areas, those nearest the equator, receive direct rays from the sun all year. High-latitude areas, those farther from the equator, receive indirect rays from the sun and have colder temperatures.

6 Main Idea 2: Earth s seasons are caused by the planet s tilt. Seasons are periods during the year that are known for a particular type of weather. Many places experience four seasons winter, spring, summer, and fall. In some parts of the world, seasons are based on the amount of rainfall

7 Winter and Summer Earth tilts away from sun in winter and towards the sun in summer. Because of the Earth s tilt, the Northern and Southern hemispheres experience opposite seasons. The Seasons Spring and Fall In spring, Earth begins to tilt toward sun, solar energy increases, temperatures rise, and days grow longer. In fall, the opposite occurs. Rainfall and Seasons In the tropics, regions close to the equator, seasons are marked by rainfall rather than temperature. At certain times of year, winds bring either dry or moist air to the tropics, creating wet and dry seasons.

8 Water on Earth The Big Idea Water is a dominant feature on Earth s surface and is essential for life. Main Ideas Salt water and freshwater make up Earth s water supply. In the water cycle, water circulates from Earth s surface to the atmosphere and back again. Water plays an important role in people s lives.

9 Main Idea 1: Salt water and freshwater make up Earth s water supply. Earth s Water Water covers some two-thirds of the planet. About 97 percent of the Earth s water Salt Water Freshwater Unsafe to drink because of high levels of salt In general, found in Earth s oceans, which cover some 71 percent of the planet s surface Also found in some of Earth s lakes Water without salt Makes up only 3 percent of our water supply

10 Freshwater Much of Earth s freshwater is locked in glaciers, large areas of slow moving ice, and in the ice of the Arctic and Antarctic regions. Surface water is water that is found in Earth s streams, rivers, and lakes. Less than one percent of Earth s water supply Streams, rivers, and lakes are common sources. Precipitation is water that falls to Earth s surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Streams form when precipitation collects in a narrow channel and flows toward the ocean. Most available freshwater is groundwater, water found below Earth s surface. Some naturally bubbles from the ground to the surface as a spring. Most obtained by digging wells

11 Main Idea 2: In the water cycle, water circulates from Earth s surface to the atmosphere and back again. Water is the only substance on Earth that occurs naturally as a solid, a liquid, and a gas, or water vapor. The water cycle is the movement of water from Earth s surface to the atmosphere and back ; it is driven by the sun s energy. Evaporation water turns from liquid to gas. Condensation the rising gas cools and condenses, or changes from a vapor into tiny liquid droplets, to form clouds. Precipitation if the droplets in clouds become heavy enough, they fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Runoff excess water that isn t absorbed as groundwater flows over land and collects in streams, rivers, and oceans.

12 Main Idea 3: Water plays an important role in people s lives. Water Problems Lack of available freshwater, which can be caused by droughts or overuse Contaminated, or polluted, water can harm humans, plants, and animals. Flooding can damage property and threaten lives. Water Benefits Provides us with food to eat Important source of energy Provides us with recreation, including swimming, fishing, surfing, and sailing

13 The Land The Big Idea Processes below and on Earth s surface shape the planet s physical features. Main Ideas Earth s surface is covered by many different landforms. Forces below Earth s surface build up our landforms. Forces on the planet s surface shape Earth s landforms. Landforms influence people s lives and culture.

14 Main Idea 1: Earth s surface is covered by many different landforms. Landforms, or shapes on the planet s surface, make up the landscapes that surround us. Earth s surface is covered with landforms of many different shapes and sizes. Mountains, land that rises higher than 2,000 feet Valleys, areas of low land located between mountains or hills Plains, stretches of mostly flat land Islands, areas of land completely surrounded by water Peninsulas, land surrounded by water on three sides

15 Main Idea 2: Forces below Earth s surface build up our landforms. Earth s Plates The planet s continents, or large landmasses, are part of Earth s crust the solid outer layer of the planet. Theory of plate tectonics suggests that Earth s surface is divided into a dozen or so slow-moving plates, or pieces of Earth s crust. Movement of Continents The idea that continents have traveled great distances over millions of years is known as continental drift. Theory, developed by Alfred Wegener, states that the continents were once united in a single supercontinent and over time, slowly separated and moved to their present positions. As plates collide, separate, and slide, they shape Earth s landforms

16 Plates Collide, Separate, and Slide Plates Collide Two ocean plates: one pushes under the other, creating ocean trenches, or deep valleys in ocean floor Ocean and continental plate: ocean plate drops beneath continental plate, forcing land above to crumple and form mountain range Two continental plates: land pushes up to form mountains Plates Separate As plates move apart, gaps between plates allow magma to rise to Earth s crust. Lava, magma that reaches the Earth s surface, emerges from the gap. As lava cools, it builds a mid-ocean range, or underwater mountain, that can rise above the surface of the ocean to form islands. Plates Slide As plates pass by each other, they sometimes grind together, producing earthquakes, sudden, violent movements of Earth s crust. Earthquakes often take place along faults, or breaks in Earth s crust where movement occurs. The region around the Pacific plate, called the Ring of Fire, is home to most of the world s earthquakes and volcanoes.

17 Main Idea 3: Forces on the planet s surface shape Earth s landforms. Weather, water, and other forces change Earth s landforms by wearing them away or reshaping them. Weathering is the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces called sediment. Heating and cooling can cause rocks to crack. Expansion of water as it freezes can cause cracks to expand. Roots of trees can pry rocks apart. Erosion is the movement of sediment from one location to another. Can wear away or build up landforms

18 Wind Erosion Types of Erosion Glacial Erosion Water Erosion Winds lift sediment into air and carry it across great distances. On beaches and in deserts, deposits can form dunes. Blowing sand can wear down rock. Glaciers, or large, slow-moving sheets of ice, erode the land by carving valleys and mountain peaks. Crush rock into sediment and move it great distances Waves and flowing water can cut through rock, carry sediment, and deposit sediment in new locations. Floodplains are created when rivers flood their banks and deposit sediment. Sediment carried by a river all the way to the sea creates a delta.

19 Main Idea 4: Landforms influence people s lives and culture. Landforms can influence where people settle. Landforms often influence what jobs are available in a region. Landforms can affect language. People sometimes change landforms to suit their needs.

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32 Click on the window to start video

Chapter Review and Study Guide

Chapter Review and Study Guide Chapter 2 Chapter Review and Study Guide BIG IDEAS 1. Earth s movement and the sun s energy interact to create day and night, temperature changes, and the seasons. 2. Water is a dominant feature on Earth

More information

Chapter 2 Geography. Getting to know Earth

Chapter 2 Geography. Getting to know Earth Chapter 2 Geography Getting to know Earth Our Solar System Sun is at the center of our solar system Contains a lot of Mass» Mass gives the Sun gravitational pull» This keeps the planets in our solar system

More information

water erosion lithosphere Describe the process of erosion and deposition. chemical weathering Dissolving limestone is an example of.

water erosion lithosphere Describe the process of erosion and deposition. chemical weathering Dissolving limestone is an example of. At one time, there was one large island off the coast of Mississippi and now it is two separate islands. What caused the island to be split into two? water erosion The crust and the top part of the upper

More information

Chapter 1 Section 2. Land, Water, and Climate

Chapter 1 Section 2. Land, Water, and Climate Chapter 1 Section 2 Land, Water, and Climate Vocabulary 1. Landforms- natural features of the Earth s land surface 2. Elevation- height above sea level 3. Relief- changes in height 4. Core- most inner

More information

Chapter 2: Physical Geography

Chapter 2: Physical Geography Chapter 2: Physical Geography Pg. 39-68 Learning Goals for Chp2: q q q q q Explain how the Earth moves in space and why seasons change. Outline the factors that influence climate and recognize different

More information

netw rks Guided Reading Activity Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Earth's Physical Geography

netw rks Guided Reading Activity Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Earth's Physical Geography Guided Reading Activity Lesson 1 Earth and the Sun Essential Question: How does geography influence the way people live? Looking at Earth Directions: What are the layers that make up Earth? Use your textbook

More information

Chapter 2 Earth s Interlocking Systems pg The Earth and Its Forces pg

Chapter 2 Earth s Interlocking Systems pg The Earth and Its Forces pg Chapter 2 Earth s Interlocking Systems pg. 24 55 2 1 The Earth and Its Forces pg. 27 33 Connecting to Your World and Internal Forces Shaping the Earth The Earth is unique in the solar system because it

More information

The structure of the Earth and how its motion creates the seasons. The landforms of the earth and the forces that shape the land.

The structure of the Earth and how its motion creates the seasons. The landforms of the earth and the forces that shape the land. The structure of the Earth and how its motion creates the seasons. The landforms of the earth and the forces that shape the land. The role of wind and water in creating climate. The different climate and

More information

Read Across America. Listen as I read for facts about Volcanoes. In the Shadow of the Volcano

Read Across America. Listen as I read for facts about Volcanoes. In the Shadow of the Volcano Read Across America Listen as I read for facts about Volcanoes. In the Shadow of the Volcano Constructive & Destructive Processes Earth s surface is always changing. Blowing wind and flowing water causes

More information

Social Studies. Chapter 2 Canada s Physical Landscape

Social Studies. Chapter 2 Canada s Physical Landscape Social Studies Chapter 2 Canada s Physical Landscape Introduction Canada s geography its landforms and climate - has a great impact on Canadians sense of identity. Planet Earth The earth is divided into

More information

Earth s Structure and Natural Processes Practice Test

Earth s Structure and Natural Processes Practice Test Name: Earth s Structure and Natural Processes Practice Test Section: Directions: For each of the questions or incomplete statements below, choose the best of the answer choices given and write your answer

More information

Chapter 2, Section 1 Planet Earth

Chapter 2, Section 1 Planet Earth Chapter 2, Section 1 Planet Earth (Pages 33 36) Setting a Purpose for Reading Think about these questions as you read: Where is Earth located in our solar system? How is Earth shaped? What is Earth s structure?

More information

Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth

Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth Tuesday, September 05, 2017 Planet Earth Objective: Describe the solar system and Earth s location in it. Identify Earth s shape. Discuss Earth s structure. List Earth s landforms Do Now: What is a compass

More information

deep within the planet. They are also shaped by conditions on the planet s surface. In

deep within the planet. They are also shaped by conditions on the planet s surface. In Chapter 4 Landforms, Water, and Natural Resources Earth is home to many different types of landforms. These landforms are shaped by forces deep within the planet. They are also shaped by conditions on

More information

Physical Geography A Living Planet

Physical Geography A Living Planet Physical Geography A Living Planet The geography and structure of the earth are continually being changed by internal forces, like plate tectonics, and external forces, like the weather. Iguaçu Falls at

More information

THE EARTH S RELIEF SOCIAL SCIENCES 1º ESO

THE EARTH S RELIEF SOCIAL SCIENCES 1º ESO THE EARTH S RELIEF SOCIAL SCIENCES 1º ESO 1. THE STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH The Earth is divided into layers: The crust is the surface layer. It is a thin, solid layer made of rock. The Earth s crust has a

More information

1 Earth s Oceans. TAKE A LOOK 2. Identify What are the five main oceans?

1 Earth s Oceans. TAKE A LOOK 2. Identify What are the five main oceans? CHAPTER 13 1 Earth s Oceans SECTION Exploring the Oceans BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What affects the salinity of ocean water? What affects

More information

A Living Planet. The Earth Inside and Out

A Living Planet. The Earth Inside and Out A Living Planet The Earth Inside and Out Planet Earth Earth s Rotation, Revolution, and Tilt Most of Earth s energy comes from the Sun, which we call solar energy. Imagine that the Earth has an imaginary

More information

A Living Planet. Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. What you will learn in this chapter. Summary of the chapter

A Living Planet. Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. What you will learn in this chapter. Summary of the chapter QUIT Main Ideas What you will learn in this chapter Summary Summary of the chapter Test your geographic knowledge by playing the. Main Ideas Section 1: The Earth Inside and Out The earth is the only habitable

More information

A physical feature of the Earth s surface

A physical feature of the Earth s surface Earth s Landforms A physical feature of the Earth s surface A physical feature of the Earth s surface LANDFORM Highest of Earth s physical features Highest of Earth s physical features MOUNTAIN Low area

More information

The Official CA State Science Education Standards for Earth Science K 8

The Official CA State Science Education Standards for Earth Science K 8 The Official CA State Science Education Standards for Earth Science K 8 Kindergarten The Earth is composed of land, air and water. As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. characteristics

More information

Constructive and Destructive Forces. Processes That Act Upon Earth s Surface Features

Constructive and Destructive Forces. Processes That Act Upon Earth s Surface Features Constructive and Destructive Forces Processes That Act Upon Earth s Surface Features What are Constructive and Destructive Forces? Constructive Force A constructive force is a process that raises or builds

More information

Earth Boot Camp. 3.7B: Investigate rapid changes in Earth s surface such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and landslides.

Earth Boot Camp. 3.7B: Investigate rapid changes in Earth s surface such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and landslides. Earth Boot Camp 3.7B: Investigate rapid changes in Earth s surface such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and landslides. Release Questions 2006 #21 (65%) 1. In which of these ways can volcanoes help

More information

Exploring Geography. Chapter 1

Exploring Geography. Chapter 1 Exploring Geography Chapter 1 The Study of Geography Geography is the study of where people, places, and things are located and how they relate to each other. Greek meaning writing about or describing

More information

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 8

Plate Tectonics. Chapter 8 Plate Tectonics Chapter 8 Vocabulary Crust Mantle Core Lithosphere Continental Drift Plate Tectonics Plate Boundary Fault What Are The Earth s Layers Made Of? Atmosphere: Contains nitrogen, oxygen, carbon

More information

Vocabulary Words. theory continental drift fault magma lava. weathering glacier erosion deposition delta

Vocabulary Words. theory continental drift fault magma lava. weathering glacier erosion deposition delta Earth s Landforms Vocabulary Words theory continental drift fault magma lava weathering glacier erosion deposition delta Theory: A possible explanation. Continental drift: The continuing movement of the

More information

Climate versus Weather

Climate versus Weather Climate versus Weather What is climate? Climate is the average weather usually taken over a 30-year time period for a particular region and time period. Climate is not the same as weather, but rather,

More information

Section 1: Earth s Interior and Plate Tectonics Section 2: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Section 3: Minerals and Rocks Section 4: Weathering and Erosion

Section 1: Earth s Interior and Plate Tectonics Section 2: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Section 3: Minerals and Rocks Section 4: Weathering and Erosion Section 1: Earth s Interior and Plate Tectonics Section 2: Earthquakes and Volcanoes Section 3: Minerals and Rocks Section 4: Weathering and Erosion Key Terms Crust Mantle Core Lithosphere Plate Tectonics

More information

(version 3) I. HumAN -Environment Interaction

(version 3) I. HumAN -Environment Interaction (version 3) I. HumAN -Environment Interaction A. Landforms 1. Earth s topography is made up of many different types of landforms. 2. While the planet is covered primarily with water, the four major types

More information

Land and Water Study Guide

Land and Water Study Guide Land and Water Study Guide Answer Key Part 1 States of Matter 1. What are the three states of matter for water? Give several examples for each. Solid Ice cube (non water examples = candy bar and a log).

More information

The Dynamic Earth Section 3. Chapter 3 The Dynamic Earth Section 3: The Hydrosphere and Biosphere DAY 1

The Dynamic Earth Section 3. Chapter 3 The Dynamic Earth Section 3: The Hydrosphere and Biosphere DAY 1 Chapter 3 The Dynamic Earth Section 3: The Hydrosphere and Biosphere DAY 1 The Hydrosphere The hydrosphere includes all of the water on or near the Earth s surface. This includes water in the oceans, lakes,

More information

Year 4 Geography Revision Pack Summer 2018 Name

Year 4 Geography Revision Pack Summer 2018 Name Year 4 Geography Revision Pack Summer 2018 Name Welcome to your geography revision pack for the upcoming Summer exams. Everything that we have been working on in lessons since Christmas will be covered

More information

Conceptual Understandings for K-2 Teachers

Conceptual Understandings for K-2 Teachers AFK12SE/NGSS Strand Disciplinary Core Ideas ESS1: Earth s Place in the Universe What is the universe, and what is Earth s place in it? ESS1. A: The Universe and Its Stars What is the universe, and what

More information

Grade 9 Social Studies Canadian Identity. Chapter 2 Review Canada s Physical Landscape

Grade 9 Social Studies Canadian Identity. Chapter 2 Review Canada s Physical Landscape Grade 9 Social Studies Canadian Identity Chapter 2 Review Canada s Physical Landscape Name: Unit 1: Empowerment Terms (notes or textbook) 1. Core 2. Crust 3. Mantle 4. Magma 5. Continental drift 6. Plate

More information

Constructive & Destructive Forces

Constructive & Destructive Forces Constructive & Destructive Forces Intro: Constructive Forces Processes that create landforms. Destructive Forces Processes that destroy landforms. Intro: Constructive Forces Volcanoes Deposition Landslides

More information

core mantle crust the center of the Earth the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock

core mantle crust the center of the Earth the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock core the center of the Earth mantle the middle layer of the Earth made up of molten (melted) rock crust the surface layer of the Earth that includes the continents and oceans 1 continental drift the theory

More information

Exploring Geography. Chapter 1. Chapter 1, Section

Exploring Geography. Chapter 1. Chapter 1, Section Chapter 1, Section World Geography Chapter 1 Exploring Geography Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 1, Section

More information

TAKE HOME EXAM 8R - Geology

TAKE HOME EXAM 8R - Geology Name Period Date TAKE HOME EXAM 8R - Geology PART 1 - Multiple Choice 1. A volcanic cone made up of alternating layers of lava and rock particles is a cone. a. cinder b. lava c. shield d. composite 2.

More information

I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow

I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow I. Earth s Layers a. Crust: Earth s outside layer. Made of mostly rock. i. Continental: er; made of mostly granite, forms the continents and shallow sea beds, floats! ii. Oceanic: er; dense rock such as

More information

The Earth, the sun, the planets and the twinkling stars in the sky are all part of a galaxy, or family of stars. We call our galaxy the Milky Way

The Earth, the sun, the planets and the twinkling stars in the sky are all part of a galaxy, or family of stars. We call our galaxy the Milky Way Part One The Earth, the sun, the planets and the twinkling stars in the sky are all part of a galaxy, or family of stars. We call our galaxy the Milky Way because the lights from its billions of stars

More information

Name Date Class. Use the diagram below to help you take notes as you read the summaries that follow. Think about the features that make up the earth.

Name Date Class. Use the diagram below to help you take notes as you read the summaries that follow. Think about the features that make up the earth. Chapter 2, Section 1 For use with textbook pages 33 36. Planet Earth Terms to Know hydrosphere The part of the earth made up of oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water (page 35) lithosphere The

More information

Fill in the blank with the word that completes the sentence. Then, find that work in the puzzle.

Fill in the blank with the word that completes the sentence. Then, find that work in the puzzle. Classwork #1 Name: 2 nd Grade PSI Fill in the blank with the word that completes the sentence. Then, find that work in the puzzle. 1. When the Earth is facing the sun, it is time. 2. Another word for spins

More information

WHAT IS THE EARTH MADE OF? LITHOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE

WHAT IS THE EARTH MADE OF? LITHOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE UNIT 8 WHAT IS THE EARTH MADE OF? LITHOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 THE STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH... 2 2 THE FORMATION OF THE RELIEF: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES.... 2 2.1 Internal forces:

More information

Name: Date: Class: 6 th Grade Science MSL Practice

Name: Date: Class: 6 th Grade Science MSL Practice Name: Date: Class: 6 th Grade Science MSL Practice 1. As ice cream melts, its molecules (6.P.2.1) A. absorb heat energy and move farther apart. B. absorb heat energy and move closer together. C. release

More information

What type of map is this?

What type of map is this? What type of map is this? This? What type of map is this? This? How about this? And this? INTERNAL FORCES THAT SHAPE THE EARTH Chp. 2 Section 3 Learning goal: Explain plate tectonics and the effects they

More information

4 Changes in Climate. TAKE A LOOK 2. Explain Why is more land exposed during glacial periods than at other times?

4 Changes in Climate. TAKE A LOOK 2. Explain Why is more land exposed during glacial periods than at other times? Name Class CHAPTER 3 Date Climate 4 Changes in Climate SECTION National Science Education Standards BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: ES 1k, 2a

More information

A mantle B magma C core D crust

A mantle B magma C core D crust CHANGING LANDFORMS Book Quiz Directions: Read each question and choose the best answer. 1. Which of the following are examples of landforms? A mountains and canyons B cliffs and sand dunes C volcanoes

More information

TEST NAME:Geology part 1 TEST ID: GRADE:06 - Sixth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom

TEST NAME:Geology part 1 TEST ID: GRADE:06 - Sixth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom TEST NAME:Geology part 1 TEST ID:1542715 GRADE:06 - Sixth Grade SUBJECT:Life and Physical Sciences TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom Geology part 1 Page 1 of 6 Student: Class: Date: 1. The picture below shows

More information

Earth s Dynamic Surface

Earth s Dynamic Surface Earth s Dynamic Surface Key Concepts What is the difference between physical and chemical weathering? How do water, ice, and wind change Earth s surface? Changing Earth s Surface What do you think? Read

More information

Unit 2: The World in Spatial Terms (Lessons 6-7)

Unit 2: The World in Spatial Terms (Lessons 6-7) Unit 2: The World in Spatial Terms (Lessons 6-7) Physical Features of Earth Create Challenges and Opportunities The physical features of Earth create both challenges and opportunities for the people living

More information

2nd Grade Changing of Earth

2nd Grade Changing of Earth Slide 1 / 133 Slide 2 / 133 2nd Grade Changing of Earth 2015-11-23 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 133 Table of Contents: Changing of Earth Earth and Moon Cycles Weather Cycles The Rock Cycle Defined Events Gradual

More information

Unit 4 - Water. Earth s Interior. Earth s Interior. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Crust. Mantle. Core.

Unit 4 - Water. Earth s Interior. Earth s Interior. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Continental Drift. Crust. Mantle. Core. Unit 4 - Water How did the oceans form? What special adaptations do saltwater organisms have? Where does our water come from? How do humans affect the Earth s water? Crust Rigid outer shell of Earth Oceanic

More information

2nd Grade. Earth and Moon Cycles. Slide 1 / 133 Slide 2 / 133. Slide 3 / 133. Slide 4 / 133. Slide 5 / 133. Slide 6 / 133.

2nd Grade. Earth and Moon Cycles. Slide 1 / 133 Slide 2 / 133. Slide 3 / 133. Slide 4 / 133. Slide 5 / 133. Slide 6 / 133. Slide 1 / 133 Slide 2 / 133 2nd Grade Changing of Earth 2015-11-23 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 133 Slide 4 / 133 Table of Contents: Changing of Earth Earth and Moon Cycles Click on the topic to go to that

More information

Our Planet Earth. I nteractions of Earth Systems

Our Planet Earth. I nteractions of Earth Systems CHAPTER 3 LESSON 2 Our Planet Earth I nteractions of Earth Systems Key Concepts How does the water cycle show interactions of Earth systems? How does weather show interactions of Earth systems? How does

More information

Name Date Class. well as the inland, found near the Tropics. 4. In the, or the regions near the Equator, you may find a lush

Name Date Class. well as the inland, found near the Tropics. 4. In the, or the regions near the Equator, you may find a lush WATER, CLIMATE, AND VEGETATION Vocabulary Activity DIRECTIONS: Fill in the Blanks Select a term from below to complete each of the following sentences. CHAPTER 1. The constant movement of water, a process

More information

Chapter 6 Processes Shaping Planet Earth

Chapter 6 Processes Shaping Planet Earth Chapter 6 Processes Shaping Planet Earth In this chapter, you will learn about Earth s lithosphere (Earth s crust and landforms), hydrosphere (oceans and other bodies of water), atmosphere (layers of gases

More information

Objective 3: Earth and Space Systems

Objective 3: Earth and Space Systems Name Class Period: Objective 3: Earth and Space Systems 1. The diagram above shows the orbit of the moon around Earth. At which point in the moon s orbit will a person standing on Earth see a waxing crescent

More information

The surface of the ocean floor is as varied as the land. The five major oceans, from largest to smallest, are

The surface of the ocean floor is as varied as the land. The five major oceans, from largest to smallest, are 11.1 Ocean Basins The surface of the ocean floor is as varied as the land. The five major oceans, from largest to smallest, are w the Pacific w the Atlantic w the Indian w the Southern w the Arctic The

More information

Bell Work. REVIEW: Our Planet Earth Page 29 Document A & B Questions

Bell Work. REVIEW: Our Planet Earth Page 29 Document A & B Questions 9.12.16 Bell Work REVIEW: Our Planet Earth Page 29 Document A & B Questions Intro to Climate & Weather https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhgyoa70q7y Weather vs. Climate Video Climate & Weather 3.1 Weather

More information

What are the different ways rocks can be weathered?

What are the different ways rocks can be weathered? Romano - 223 What are the different ways rocks can be weathered? Weathering - the breakdown of rocks and minerals at the Earth s surface 1. 2. PHYSICAL WEATHERING Rock is broken into smaller pieces with

More information

Mount Everest and the Gobi Desert

Mount Everest and the Gobi Desert Mount Everest and the Gobi Desert 1 Mount Everest is part of the mountain chain known as the Himalaya. Adventurers from all over the world come to try to climb it. Mount Everest is the highest mountain

More information

Benchmark #: State Language: Student Friendly Language: The student models earth s cycles, constructive and

Benchmark #: State Language: Student Friendly Language: The student models earth s cycles, constructive and Science, Grade: 7 Mastery Check Benchmark #: 7.4.1.2 4 State Language: Student Friendly Language: The student models earth s cycles, constructive and I will be able to describe weathering, erosion, and

More information

HYDROSPHERE NOTES. Water cycle: The continuous movement of water into the air, onto land, and then back to water sources.

HYDROSPHERE NOTES. Water cycle: The continuous movement of water into the air, onto land, and then back to water sources. Hon Environmental Science HYDROSPHERE NOTES The Hydrosphere and the Water Cycle: Water cycle: The continuous movement of water into the air, onto land, and then back to water sources. Evaporation: the

More information

Earth Science S5E1b (EarthScienceS5E1b)

Earth Science S5E1b (EarthScienceS5E1b) Name: Date: 1. The flattest part of the ocean floor is the A. trench. B. abyssal plain. C. continental shelf. D. mid-ocean rift valley. 2. Which causes some parts of the ocean to be saltier than other

More information

according to and water. High atmospheric pressure - Cold dry air is other air so it remains close to the earth, giving weather.

according to and water. High atmospheric pressure - Cold dry air is other air so it remains close to the earth, giving weather. EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE Composition of the atmosphere - Earth's atmosphere consists of nitrogen ( %), oxygen ( %), small amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, argon, krypton, ozone, neon and other gases such

More information

UNIT 3 GEOLOGY VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS THESE KEY VOCABULARY WORDS AND PHRASES APPEAR ON THE UNIT 3 CBA

UNIT 3 GEOLOGY VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS THESE KEY VOCABULARY WORDS AND PHRASES APPEAR ON THE UNIT 3 CBA UNIT 3 GEOLOGY VOCABULARY FLASHCARDS THESE KEY VOCABULARY WORDS AND PHRASES APPEAR ON THE UNIT 3 CBA A map that shows Earth s Topographic Map surface topography, which is Earth s shape and features Contour

More information

PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!!

PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!! PLATE TECTONICS REVIEW GAME!!!! Name the four layers of the earth - crust - mantle - outer core - inner core Which part of Earth s structure contains tectonic plates? LITHOSPHERE Name one reason why the

More information

Surface Events & Landforms. Mrs. Green

Surface Events & Landforms. Mrs. Green Surface Events & Landforms Mrs. Green Bell Work 1) Which event MOST likely causes the slowest change to the surface of Earth? a) Earthquake b) Landslide c) Volcano d) Wind 2) When cold weather freezes

More information

What type of land feature is located at Point A? A Cliff B Delta C Mountain D Valley

What type of land feature is located at Point A? A Cliff B Delta C Mountain D Valley 1 What type of land feature is located at Point A? A Cliff B Delta C Mountain D Valley Alfred Wegener s theory of continental drift was 2 not accepted by scientists when the theory was first proposed.

More information

Atlases. About Chapter 2. Chapter II: Earth in Space

Atlases. About Chapter 2. Chapter II: Earth in Space Chapter 2: Earth in Space Class Workbooks Each chapter will have a mapping section You will receive a class workbook to KEEP You need to take this to class when it is announced the day before if you forget

More information

1. Erosion by Running Water Most powerful cause of erosion

1. Erosion by Running Water Most powerful cause of erosion I. Destructive Forces Notes: Destructive force: a process in which land is destroyed or changed such as weathering and erosion. All landforms are a result of a combination of constructive and destructive

More information

Section 1: How Did Life Begin? Chapter 19: History of Life on Earth. Section 2: The Age of Earth

Section 1: How Did Life Begin? Chapter 19: History of Life on Earth. Section 2: The Age of Earth Chapter 19: History of Life on Earth Section 1: How Did Life Begin? I. The Basic Chemicals of Life A. 1920s B. Earth s early oceans contained large amounts of organic molecules C. Molecules formed spontaneously

More information

LANDFORMS CREATED AND CHANGED?

LANDFORMS CREATED AND CHANGED? HOW ARE LANDFORMS CREATED AND CHANGED? Landforms are created by different natural forces. Some are within Earth, and some are on the surface of Earth. Landforms can also be changed by humans. These changes

More information

Shown is the supercontinent Pangaea before it broke up and the continents drifted.

Shown is the supercontinent Pangaea before it broke up and the continents drifted. Has anyone ever told you to sit still? Did you know you can never really sit still? You have probably already learned that Earth is constantly moving through space, but did you know that the ground beneath

More information

Changes over Time: Destructive Processes

Changes over Time: Destructive Processes 1 Name Date Changes over Time: Destructive Processes Earth s surface is always changing. Blowing wind and flowing water causes some changes. Moving rock deep inside Earth causes other changes. These processes

More information

What is weathering and how does it change Earth s surface? Answer the question using

What is weathering and how does it change Earth s surface? Answer the question using 7 th Grade Lesson What is weathering and how does it change Earth s surface? Answer the question using the sentence frame. You have 4 minutes. Weathering is. This changes the Earth s surface because. 1

More information

Social Studies 9 UNIT 2 GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES ON IDENTITY: PLACE AND PEOPLE

Social Studies 9 UNIT 2 GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES ON IDENTITY: PLACE AND PEOPLE Social Studies 9 UNIT 2 GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES ON IDENTITY: PLACE AND PEOPLE The Structure of the Earth To understand the forces that create Canada's physical landscape we must understand the structure

More information

The Earth s Structure

The Earth s Structure Planet Earth The Earth s Structure Crust the outermost and thinnest layer of Earth Mantle the layer of rock between the Earth s crust and its core - rocks are plastic soft and easily deformed The Earth

More information

1- Water on Earth 2- Oceans and seas / continental waters 3- Uses, risks and problems of water

1- Water on Earth 2- Oceans and seas / continental waters 3- Uses, risks and problems of water Contents: I- Relief 1- Structure of the Earth and relief formation 2- Shaping of relief 3- Types of relief II- Water 1- Water on Earth 2- Oceans and seas / continental waters 3- Uses, risks and problems

More information

Analyzing our Topic IF SO, MAKE THE CHANGES AND BE READY TO REPORT OUT!

Analyzing our Topic IF SO, MAKE THE CHANGES AND BE READY TO REPORT OUT! Analyzing our Topic Look at the opening slide. Does anything there (words, pictures) make you want to change your thoughts from the smarties and chalk activities? IF SO, MAKE THE CHANGES AND BE READY TO

More information

Chapter 15: Weather and Climate

Chapter 15: Weather and Climate Chapter 15: Weather and Climate Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The short-term state of the atmosphere is called a. climate. c. water cycle.

More information

Plate Tectonics CHAPTER 17

Plate Tectonics CHAPTER 17 Plate Tectonics CHAPTER 17 Layers of the Earth A. Crust- solid, 5-70 km thick Moho Two Types of Crust: Oceanic- ocean floor, more dense then because of more iron Continental-dry land (mostly silicates

More information

UNIT 12: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

UNIT 12: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE UNIT 12: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE After Unit 12 you should be able to: o Effectively use the charts Average Chemical Composition of Earth s Crust, Hydrosphere and Troposphere, Selected Properties of Earth

More information

Fluid Circulation Review. Vocabulary. - Dark colored surfaces absorb more energy.

Fluid Circulation Review. Vocabulary. - Dark colored surfaces absorb more energy. Fluid Circulation Review Vocabulary Absorption - taking in energy as in radiation. For example, the ground will absorb the sun s radiation faster than the ocean water. Air pressure Albedo - Dark colored

More information

PLATE TECTONICS. SECTION 17.1 Drifting Continents

PLATE TECTONICS. SECTION 17.1 Drifting Continents Date Period Name PLATE TECTONICS SECTION.1 Drifting Continents In your textbook, read about continental drift. Circle the letter of the choice that best completes each statement. 1. Early mapmakers thought

More information

Unit 3 Study Guide -- Greenberg science, 6C

Unit 3 Study Guide -- Greenberg science, 6C Unit 3 Study Guide -- Greenberg science, 6C Name Pd. Date / / 2018 + +5 extra credit points on the test if submitted complete and correct ON THE TEST DATE. + A copy can be found on my website mgreenberg.weebly.com

More information

4th GRADE MINIMUM CONTENTS- SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT 3: LAND RELIEF

4th GRADE MINIMUM CONTENTS- SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT 3: LAND RELIEF LAND RELIEF 4th GRADE MINIMUM CONTENTS- SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT 3: LAND RELIEF The outer layer of the Earth is composed of rocks and minerals. It is called the lithosphere or the Earth s crust. This layer

More information

EARTH S CHANGING SURFACE

EARTH S CHANGING SURFACE EARTH S CHANGING SURFACE Weathering Together, weathering and erosion work continuously to wear down the material on Earth s surface. weathering process that breaks down rock and other substances of Earth

More information

Constructive & Destructive Forces

Constructive & Destructive Forces Monster Wrangler Mike Presents Constructive & Destructive Forces Includes: anchor charts note-taking sheets reading passages with textdependent questions 12-color card sort activity 24 vocabulary word

More information

TO GO TO ANY OF THE PAGES LISTED BELOW, CLICK ON ITS TITLE

TO GO TO ANY OF THE PAGES LISTED BELOW, CLICK ON ITS TITLE TO GO TO ANY OF THE PAGES LISTED BELOW, CLICK ON ITS TITLE CHAPTER 6 Plate Tectonics 1 6-1 What is continental drift? 2 6-2 Why is the seafloor spreading? 3 6-3 What evidence supports seafloor spreading?

More information

Almost of Earth is covered by water. On a map, the continents appear as huge islands surrounded by a vast global ocean.

Almost of Earth is covered by water. On a map, the continents appear as huge islands surrounded by a vast global ocean. Earth s Oceans & Ocean Floor Date: Feelin Blue What are Earth s five main oceans? Almost of Earth is covered by water. On a map, the continents appear as huge islands surrounded by a vast global ocean.

More information

World Geography Chapter 3

World Geography Chapter 3 World Geography Chapter 3 Section 1 A. Introduction a. Weather b. Climate c. Both weather and climate are influenced by i. direct sunlight. ii. iii. iv. the features of the earth s surface. B. The Greenhouse

More information

Section 1: The Geosphere

Section 1: The Geosphere Section 1: The Geosphere Preview Classroom Catalyst Objectives The Earth as a System Discovering Earth s Interior The Composition of the Earth The Structure of the Earth Plate Tectonics Section 1: The

More information

Thermal / Solar. When air is warmed it... Rises. Solar Energy. Evaporation. Condensation Forms Clouds

Thermal / Solar. When air is warmed it... Rises. Solar Energy. Evaporation. Condensation Forms Clouds Thermal / Solar Light from the Sun is transformed into what type of energy when it hits Earth's surface? Rises When air is warmed it... Solar Energy Water moves through the water cycle using what type

More information

1/6/ th Grade Earth s Surface. Chapter 3: Erosion and Deposition. Lesson 1 (Mass Movement)

1/6/ th Grade Earth s Surface. Chapter 3: Erosion and Deposition. Lesson 1 (Mass Movement) Lesson 1 (Mass Movement) 7 th Grade Earth s Surface Chapter 3: Erosion and Deposition Weathering the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth s surface Mechanical weathering when rock

More information

Unit 4 Review Guide: Weather

Unit 4 Review Guide: Weather Unit 4 Review Guide: Weather Weather: The condition of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. Freezing: To become hardened into ice or into a solid body Deposition: The change in state of matter

More information

Plates & Boundaries The earth's continents are constantly moving due to the motions of the tectonic plates.

Plates & Boundaries The earth's continents are constantly moving due to the motions of the tectonic plates. Plates & Boundaries The earth's continents are constantly moving due to the motions of the tectonic plates. As you can see, some of the plates contain continents and others are mostly under the ocean.

More information

GRADE 7 SCIENCE UNIT 4: THE EARTH S CRUST. 11/12 Earth s Crust is constantly changing Weathering and Erosion

GRADE 7 SCIENCE UNIT 4: THE EARTH S CRUST. 11/12 Earth s Crust is constantly changing Weathering and Erosion GRADE 7 SCIENCE UNIT 4: THE EARTH S CRUST 11/12 Earth s Crust is constantly changing Weathering and Erosion Earth s Structure - Layers of the Earth Draw a labeled Diagram Layers of the Earth Rap s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9j1xgaxyzy

More information

Potential short answer questions: What is Pangea? Describe at least 4 pieces of evidence that led Wegener to suggest the theory of Continental Drift.

Potential short answer questions: What is Pangea? Describe at least 4 pieces of evidence that led Wegener to suggest the theory of Continental Drift. 6th Grade Earth Science Fall Semester Mid-Term Study Guide The mid-term may include: 4 short answer questions,1-2 sketches to draw and/or label, 4 partially filled charts which you should complete, 30

More information

4 th Grade PSI. Slide 1 / 107 Slide 2 / 107. Slide 3 / 107. Slide 4 / 107. Slide 5 / 107. Slide 6 / 107. The History of Planet Earth

4 th Grade PSI. Slide 1 / 107 Slide 2 / 107. Slide 3 / 107. Slide 4 / 107. Slide 5 / 107. Slide 6 / 107. The History of Planet Earth Slide 1 / 107 Slide 2 / 107 4 th Grade PSI The History of Planet Earth 2015-11-10 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 107 Slide 4 / 107 The History of Planet Earth The Structure of Earth Rock Layers Fossils and Relative

More information