Parowan Gap Nature s Perfect Observatory by V.Garth Norman
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1 Parowan Gap Nature s Perfect Observatory by V.Garth Norman CFI, Inc. Publication Archaeological Research Consultants ARCON Inc No part of this presentation may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the author.
2 Parowan Gap Archaeological Project Government Sponsors: Parowan City Iron County Bureau of Land Management Federal Highways Utah Department of Transportation Paiute Tribe Private Matching Contributors ARCON Inc. Baseline Data Lamoreaux Engineering Franklin Quest Robins Foundation Ancient America Foundation
3 Salt Lake City by Great Salt Lake Parowan Gap by Little Salt Lake
4 Ancient & Modern Trails through the Gap
5 Road goes through PAROWAN GAP Arial view looking south toward Cedar City
6 V Calendar Petroglyph closeup
7 Combined Tics around this V-lobe calendar petroglyph total ½ year count (northeast Gap cliff of previous slide)
8 Parowan Gap Observatory Map
9 Summer Solstice Sunset Cairn A-3 (June 21 sunset next slide)
10 Summer Solstice Sunset from Cairn A3
11 Parowan Gap House of God Ute Chief Wakara told the first White settlers who entered Parowan Valley in 1850 that the Gap west of Little Salt Lake is God s own house now recognized from petroglyphs, cave shrine, and sacred space with cairns on four hills that symbolize the four directions sacred mountains of Southwest tradition.
12 Astronomer Dr. John Pratt states: Parowan Gap is the most impressive natural, ancient Stonehenge observatory in North America.
13 June 21 Summer Solstice Shadow Calendar Marker
14 (Previous slide : March 21 & September 20 Equinox Sunrise petroglyphs) Equinox Sunset in V-Gap from Cairn E-1 to last gleam on horizon.
15 Apr.29 Aug day Summer Plant Fertility Season Aug.12 Apr Day (9-month) Winter Human Fertility Season
16 December 21 Winter Solstice Boulder G-1 Observatory Monument was anciently positioned for both Sunrise and Sunset (Sunrise next photo)
17
18 Feb. 5 - Winter Cross-Quarter Sunset Shadow Line
19 Theodolite Survey of Cairn C-3 Sighting for Apr.29/Aug day Calendar Sunset
20 August 12, 260-day calendar from C-3
21 Aug. 12/Apr.29 Sunrise Shadow on two ancient New Year petroglyphs.
22 Horned-birdserpent (Toltec influence). 260-day Calendar 52 dots Apr. 29-June 21 Solstice.
23 Moon Panel Owl perched on 29-day lunar fan. 19-year Metonic ladder (upper right).
24 Rock Crevice where Metonic Moonrise was viewed June 21, 2005: 19 year ladder at upper left.
25 June 21, 2005 western Sunset 30 minutes after the eastern Moonrise
26 Venus & moon cycles weave 8-year solar conjunction. Venus 584x5=2920 Sun 365x8=2920 Moon 29.5x99=2920
27 The Polaris North Star appears to sit on the north peak of the Gap as it is viewed from the cave shelter.
28 Cave Shelter Excavation Fremont fire hearth and deep ash deposits: A.D.
29 Cave Panel 11 foot high panel mostly Fremont Lower Section Archaic Bottom Middle to Early Archaic
30 Petroglyph Map of the mountain terrain (Next slide)
31 Gap Petroglyph map laid on topographic map. Little Salt Lake is bottom right. Gap Narrows are at left end.
32 Sun & Geometric rays
33 Project Director Garth Norman watching setting sun from 260 day cycle Cairn
34 Parowan Gap Project Results from Integrated Research Field Survey 51 sites. Cave Excavation 5,000 years strata. Petroglyphs Archival Record 93 Panels 259 Drawings 1,500+ figures. Rock Cairns 26+ Observatory Stations & other survey markers. Archaeo-astronomy Calendar decipherment. Native American traditions correlations. This project overview invites public and professional education for preservation of this cultural heritage treasure- The Parowan Gap, Nature s Perfect Observatory.
35 Arcon, Inc. Staff & Consultants Acknowledgements Garth Norman Archaeologist & Archaeo-Astronomy John Pratt Astronomy Consultant Lance Harding Petroglyph Drawings Asa Nielson & Baseline Staff Excavation Lamoreaux Engineering Design Plans Nowell Morris -- Theodolite Testing Joel Clements Astronomy Photos Steve Gibbons Computer Technology Cheryl Norman Arcon Secretary & Power Point Productions Cedar Fort Publishers Springville, Utah
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