uid,bml). 1979, 125 km 2 [20 ], ( S parti na alternif lora Eco2 logical Engineering, SAEE) , (Biological Mineral Liq2

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1 CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Apr. 2004,15 (4) (,210093) ( S partina alternif lora Ecological Engineering, SAEE) (Biolog2 ical Mineral Liquid,BML),SAEE + ( SAEE and Capsule SAEEC). SAEE, (SAEEC), ( Emergy investment ratio, EIR) SAEE ;SAEE 2. 13, SAEE ;(Net emergy yield,n EY) SAEE 3. 18, ( Emergy yield ratio,eyr) SAEE 2. 20, (2004) Q149 A Emergy analysis on an added loop in Spartina alternif lora ecological engineering. L IU Jin e,q IN Pei,ZHOU Hongxia,XIE Min ( Halophyte Research L aboratory of N anjing U niversity, N anjing , China). 2Chin. J. A ppl. Ecol.,2004,15 (4) : Based on the principle of multi2grade utilization of resources to get ecological,economic and social benefits of eco2 logical engineering,this paper designed an added loop,following the S partina alternif lora Ecological Engineering (SAEE). All the added loop design included SAEE,and the capsule was named SAEEC. In the added loop de2 sign,the Biological Mineral Liquid ( BML ) was made into antihyperlipidemia capsules, of which, the total flavonoids added up to 9. 58mg g - 1. Emergy analysis method was applied to evaluate the SAEEC project. Com2 pared with SAEE,the added loop design increased emergy investment ratio ( EIR) by folds,net economic benefit of the SAEEC by folds,economic yield / input ratio by folds,net emergy yield (N EY) by folds,and net emergy yield ratio ( EYR) by folds,showing its more efficiency. Key words S partina alternif lora, Emergy analysis, Added loop, Ecological engineering , 125 km 2 [20 ],.,, [3,10,20 22,29 ] ;, ;,. ( S parti na alternif lora Eco2 logical Engineering, SAEE) [33 ].,, (Biological Mineral Liq2 uid,bml)., [1,14,32 ], [12,13,34 ].,,. [33 ],, BML. ( SAEE and Capsule SAEEC),,,, 22, (SAEEC). H1T1Odum 3 (B K ) (BE ) E2mail edu. cn ,

2 [6 ],,,. 10, [5,8,9,23 25,31,36 ], [15,17,27,28,35,37 ], ,, N,12012 E,, 115 km2,5 600 g1m - 2 ( ) [14 ], 1014 mm, 494 kj cm - 2, 200 mm. (SAEE) :+ (BML) SAEE : ( + ) ;. ( SAEEC) :+ (BML) + SAEEC : SAEE (SAEE + SAEE ) ( + ) ;. 115 km 2,,,. 212 (10 12 ) [26,30 ],, (BML), BML,,.,,.,, BML,, ; :,, BML, [2 ],, [7 ].,,96104, 1116 ; ( ),1217, Fig. 1 Diagram of the added loop. SAEE : (+ BML ) S partina alternif lora ecological engineering ;A : + ( ) Invest2 ment on equipments and service ;B : ( + BML) Prescription of lipid2lowering capsule (natural plant fibre + BML) ;C : Granulating ;D : Producing capsule ; E : Feed2 back of economic system.,., mg ml - 1. [4,16 ],, [19 ] , P = m 2, :5 600g m - 2 ( ).,,. [11 ]. [6,18 ] 215 = = - ( + ) = - =, , [19 ] 9158 mg g - 1 ; 7181 mg g - 1, 1123, E + 19 sej ,SAEE ,5171 ; , SAEE 2113

3 4 : 675, 8132, SAEE 1146,, SAEE,. 1 Table 1 Major economic indexes of the design Economic input ( ) Economic yield ( ) Net economic yield ( ) Yield/ Input ratio SAEE 3150 E E E Capsule 1131 E E E SAEEC 4181 E E E Note :1) ( + ) ; Economic input of SAEE ( Facilities + Services) included the raw data of item 8 and 9 in table 2 ;2) ( + ) ; Economic input of the capsule ( Facilities + Services) included the raw data of utem 10 and 11 in table 1 ;3) ( + ) 2 8,9,10,11 ; Economic input of SAEEC( Facilities + Services) included the raw data of item 8,9,10 and 11 in table 2 ;4) = 2 ;= Net economic yield = Economic yield2economic input ; Yield/ Input ratio = Eco2 nomic yield Economic input ,2, 3. 3, ( SAEEC) SAEE 3118, ( EYR) SAEE 2120, ( EIR) SAEE ( EYR),, SAEEC EYR,,. ( EIR),EIR,,,. 2 Fig. 2 Energy flow of the SAEE added loop system. Y 1 : S1 alternif lora vegetation ; Y 2 :Biologi2 cal mineral liquid,bml ; Y 3 : Lipid2lowering capsule ; R 1 : Solar energy ;R 2 :Wind,kinetic ;R 3 : Rain,chemical ;R 4 : Tidal energy ; I 1 :BML Investment on the fa2 cilities for BML ; S 1 :BML Investment on the service for BML ; I 2 :Investment on the facilities for antihyperlipidemia capsule ; S 2 :Investment on the service for antihyperlipidemia capsule ; O : Output ; M :Market. 3 Fig. 3 Outline of emergy utilization in SAEE added loop design. 2 Table 2 Emergy flow analysis of SAEE added loop system Raw data (J or US ) Transformity (sej/ J or ) Solar emergy (sej) 2 Em (2000 US ) Renewable sources flow 1 Sunlight 5119 E + 15J E E Wind,kinetic 1116 E + 13J 6163 E E E Rain,geopotential 7142 E + 10J 8189 E E E Rain,chemical 7148 E + 12J 1154 E E E Tidal energy 1138 E + 12J E E Earth cycle 2118 E + 12J 2190 E E E + 04 Nonrenewable sources flow 7 Net loss of topsoil 1128 E + 12J 6125 E E E + 04 Feedback SAEE 8 3 Facilities 2150 E E E E Services 1100 E E E E + 05 Added loop 10 Facilities 1116 E E E E Services 1153 E E E E + 04 Output SAEE 12 Net primary productivity 1145 E + 14J E E (+ BML) Benefits(bank2protecting & BML) 2100 E E E E Yield/ Input 5171 Added loop 15 Capsule benefits 3181 E E E E + 06 Yield/ Input Yield/ input ratio of SAEEC / The ratio of / (2000) / 2000 Emergy / US (2000) 4194 E + 12 sej/

4 , (3118 ) (2113 ),(2120 ) (1146 ), (1137 ) (1146 ).,,,,.,;,.,,,. SAEEC SAEE,,,. 3 Table 3 Major emergy indexes of the design 1 (sej) Renewable emergy flow 2 (sej) Nonrenewable emergy flow 3 (sej) Investment emergy 4 (sej) Emergy yield 5 (sej) Net emergy yield (NEY) 6 Net economic benefits(sej) 7 Emergy investment ratio (EIR) 8 Net emergy yield ratio ( EYR) 4 (+ BML) SAEE (Protecting + BML) (+ BML + ) SAEEC (Protecting + Capsule) 2101 E E E E E E E E E E E E ,.,. SAEE SAEEC,SAEEC (N EY) ( EYR) ( EIR),.,,; (N EY) ( EYR).,, ( EIR),.,.,,.,, EIR SAEEC EIR, ,,.,.,,,,.,,,,.,,SAEE SAEEC,,,,.,,,.,,.

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