CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Dec. 2003,14 (12) hm 2.,. 7

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1 CHIN ESE JOURNAL OF APPL IED ECOLO GY,Dec. 2003,14 (12) , ( 1, ; 2, ).,, 50 %,4. 45 %,, hm hm 2., hm hm 2., , ( ),, (2003) Q149 A Structure and heterogeneity of urban vegetation landscape in Shenyang. HE Xingyuan 1, CHEN Wei 1,2, XU Wenduo 1,L IU Changfu 1,L I Haimei 1,SUN Yu 1,ZHAN G Yue 1 ( 1 Institute of A pplied Ecology, Chinese Acade2 my of Sciences, S henyang , China ; 2 Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , Chi2 na). 2Chin. J. A ppl. Ecol.,2003,14 (12) : Studies on the structure and heterogeneity of urban vegetation landscape in Shenyang city showed that the most vegetation patches were in the street corner,accounted for more than 50 % of the total vegetation patch,and their area was only % of the total vegetation area. In terms of the size of the patches,the average area of shelter vegetation and park vegetation was hm 2 and hm 2,respectively,while that of street corner vegetation and garden vegetation was hm 2 and hm 2,respectively. Street corner vegetation had the highest index of landscape diversity,while park vegetation had the lowest one. In the seven districts of Shenyang city,all types of vegetation had a small landscape dominance and evenness,but patch vegetation had a more than 10 times of landscape dominance than corridor vegetation,indicating that there was somewhat imbalance in the allocation of different vegetation patch types. It s suggested that the quantity of patch vegetation should be increased,and the public vegetation should be distributed evenly. Increasing vegetation corridor is also important because it can link the downtown area to the suburb natural vegetation ecosystems. For example, the South Canal Belt Park of Shenyang is a good vegetation corridor,which can beautify Shenyang city,discharge sewage,drain flood,and im2 prove microclimate. Key words Landscape structure, Landscape heterogeneity, Vegetation, Shenyang. 1..,., [5,7 ].,,,.,,, [4 ]., , N, E., m,, m.,7. 9,7, ;1, , , 150 d, mm,,, 3 ( ) ( KOTCE ) ( K070 K2 YZX010505) (C12MC2SCXMS013) ,

2 Fig. 1 Urban vegetation in Shenyang. 1 ( 2000) 3 Table 1 Urban vegetation in Shenyang( 2000) ( hm 2 ) Type Heping Shenhe Dadong Huanggu Tiexi Dongling Yuhong Total Park vegetation (5) (2) (2) (3) (4) (3) (1) (20) Street corner vegetation (54) (19) (39) (29) (27) (12) (11) (191) Public square vegetation (6) (3) (1) (4) (4) (3) (18) Garden vegetation (4) (5) (5) (11) (23) (7) (9) (64) Production vegetation (2) (1) (3) (6) (12) Shelter vegetation (1) (3) (9) (13) Line vegetation (2) (11) (22) (11) (7) (4) (57) Roadside vegetation Total (71) (43) (72) (57) (64) (41) (27) (375) 3 The number in bracket is the number of patch %, 4. 6 %, mm, mm,43. 2 %. 7,,. 360 km %, m 2 /,, 8, 6,2 ( 1) ,, ( 1) ) H (Diversity) :, [5,7 ],,,,0. H = - m P i log 2 P i i = 1, P i i ; m. 2) D (Dominance) :,,,,,0,

3 12 : 2087 [2,5 ]. D = H max + m P i log 2 P i i = 1, H max = log 2 m,,. 3) E ( Evenness) :, [6 ]. E = H/ H max 100 % [2 ].,,,, ( 2). 2 Table 2 Patch composition in Shenyang vegetation Number % Area (hm 2 ) Park vegetation Street corner vegetation Public square vegetation Garden vegetation Production vegetation Shelter vegetation Line vegetation Total , %,, %., 75 %,( Pi nus tabulaef orm is), ,. ( Q uercus liaot ungensis) ( Q uercus mongolica)., 50 %,, %,,,, ( S abi na chi nensis) ( Picea koraiensis) ( Pi nus arm an2 di)., 17 % 15 %.,,.,, %., 4. 8 %., %,, ;,,., 3. 4 %,, %. ( hm 2 ), 79 %,,( S ali x baby2 tonica) ( S ali x m at rudana ) ( Robi nia pseudoacacia) ( Ul m us pum ila) ( Popal us spp. ) ,,66. 9 hm hm 2,, hm hm 2 ; hm hm 2,, hm hm 2 ;,, hm 2. 3 Table 3 Patch area and range in Shenyang vegetation Mean size (hm 2 ) Range (hm 2 ) Park vegetation Street corner vegetation Public square vegetation Garden vegetation Production vegetation Shelter vegetation Line vegetation ,, 5 : ( Table 4 Patch distribution in Shenyang vegetation( hm 2 ) Small Medium Large Larger Huge 4 (20) 9 (45) 4 (20) 1 (5) 2 (10) Park vegetation 189 (99) 2 (1) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Street corner vegetation 16 (89) 2 (11) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Public square vegetation 64 (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Garden vegetation 1 (8) 10 (76) 0 (0) 1 (8) 1 (8) Shelter vegetation 4 (33) 2 (17) 3 (25) 1 (8) 2 (17) Production vegetation 24 (42) 32 (56) 1 (2) 0 (0) 0 (0) Line vegetation Total 302 (81) 57 (15) 8 (2) 3 (1) 5 (1) 3, % The number out of bracket is the number of patches,and that in bracket is percent. The same below.

4 hm 2 ) (5 25 hm 2 ) (25 50 hm 2 ) ( hm 2 ) ( > 100 hm 2 ). 4,, 80 %,,, 4 %. ( 5),,,, %.,. 5 Table 5 Patch area distribution in Shenyang vegetation Small Medium Large Larger Huge (1) (8) (12) (4) (75) Park vegetation (89) (11) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Street corner vegetation (38) (62) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Public square vegetation (100) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Garden vegetation (1) (13) 0 (0) (7) (79) Shelter vegetation (3) (5) (25) (18) (50) Production vegetation (14) (79) (7) 0 (0) 0 (0) Line vegetation Total (8) (18) (9) (6) (59) ( H) 7,,, ( 6) ,, ( D) 7,,.,,., ( E)., 6 Table 6 Landscape heterogeneity analysis in Shenyang vegetation Landscape type Index Heping Shenhe Dadong Huanggu Tiexi Dongling Yuhong H Park D vegetation E H Banding D vegetation E H Street cor2 D ner vegetation E H Public D square vegetation E H Garden D vegetation E H Shelter D vegetation E H Production D vegetation E H Patch D vegetation E % ,, 80 %,10 % 12 %,3 %,,.,,.,,, hm hm hm 2.,,,,,,,, [3 ] ,,.,,,

5 12 : 2089, ( Tilia am urensis) ( Celtis koraiensis) ( Celtis bungeana) ( A cer t rancat um ) ( A cer mono) ( A cer saccharum) ( Phellodondron am urense)., ( Weigela praecox ) ( S pi raea japonica) ( Rosa rugosa),,,,, [5 ] ,. 3 ( ) 57,,,,,,,. 1 Chang Y( ),Su W2G (), Gao R2P () Changes of land use pattern in eastern Shenyang. Chin J A ppl Ecol ( ),8 (4) : (in Chinese) 2 Gao J ( ),Song Y2C () Landscape dynamics of two2side lands2along main urban roads in southwestern Shanghai. Chin J A ppl Ecol ( ),12 (4) : (in Chinese) 3 Li T2S() Heterogeneity and its maintenance of ur2 ban landscape. Chin J Ecol ( ),17 (1) :70 72 (in Chi2 nese) 4 He X2Y(),Ning Z2N () Advances in Urban Forest Ecology. Beijing : China Forestry Press , (in Chinese) 5 Li Z( ), Wang L2R (), Guan D2S () Landscape heterogeneity of urban vegetation in Guangzhou. Chin J A ppl Ecol ( ),11 (1) : (in Chinese) 6 Zhou Z2X(),Shan T2Y (),Zhou X2Q (),et al Landscape structure and greenland spatial pattern in workshop district of wuhan iron and steel company. Chin J A ppl Ecol ( ),12 (2) : (in Chinese) 7 Zhao Y2T (), Yu X2X (), Guang W2B () Review on landscape heterogeneity. Chin J A ppl Ecol ( ),13 (4) : (in Chinese),,1962,,,,,,,, 50, 3. Tel : ,E2mail : ac. cn