BOLIVAR DAM GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION Muskingum River Basin, OH

Transcription

1 BOLIVAR DAM GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION Muskingum River Basin, OH AEG Annual Meeting September 2016 Mike Nield, Geologist U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington WV LRD Dam Safety Production Center Dam Safety Modification Mandatory Center of Expertise For Official Use Only (FOUO) - Unclassified

2 BOLIVAR DAM GROUTING - OUTLINE A. SITE CONDITIONS 1. Project Location 2. Site Geology 3. Past Performance - Seepage B. GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION C. GROUT CURTAIN RESULTS Slide 2 of 67

3 MI MUSKINGUM WATERSHED Located in eastern Ohio, within Muskingum River Watershed OHIO Muskingum Watershed KY USACE Dams Walhonding River Muskingum River Tuscarawas River WV System of 16 USACE dams, most built in 1930 s This system of dams was the nation s first to impound water for regional flood control Dam/Levee Reevaluation Changing Criteria Poor Performance During High-Water Events Portfolio of Dams Prioritization based on Risk Assessments

4 MI BOLIVAR DAM BOLIVAR DAM USACE Dams OHIO Walhonding River Tuscarawas River Located on Sandy Creek, a tributary of the Tuscarawas River Earthen dam, constructed in 1938 Run of River Muskingum River Muskingum Watershed KY WV

5 BOLIVAR DAM Dam Right Abutment) 6,400 Dam Length 87 Dam Height (main) Founded Mostly on Glacial Outwash Left Abutment Founded on Bedrock Tailwater El. 906 (backup from Dover Dam Pool) Dam Left Abutment Dam (main embankment) Pool of Record El year event Intake Structure POOL OF RECORD JAN 2005

6 GEOLOGY BOLIVAR DAM Near-horizontal sedimentary rock Pennsylvanian aged Pottsville Group Interbedded sandstone, shale, siltstone, claystone with thin seams of coal and limestone Typically joints are high angled with smooth and planar surfaces. Solutioned discontinuities are common in thin limestone units.

7 GLACIAL GEOLOGY Unglaciated BOLIVAR DAM Located near the ice margins of Illinoian and Wisconsin glacial periods Site geology Influenced by glacial lakes and outwash. Typically, +100 foot thick proglacial soil deposits within valley bottom.

8 LOCAL GLACIAL GEOLOGY BOLIVAR DAM Illinoian Ice Margin Wisconsin Ice Margin

9 Right Abutment ~45 ft. terrace thickness DAM FOUNDATION - PROFILE Dam Embankment Left Abutment Bedrock Glacial Outwash (sands & gravel) ~200 feet foundation thickness Top of Rock Bedrock (El. to 920 feet) Onsite Borrow Area for seepage blanket extension/augmentation work downstream of right abutment

10 SEEPAGE DURING FLOOD EVENTS

11 SEEPAGE DURING FLOOD EVENTS Emergency Filter Placement on Terrace Terrace Foundation Sand Eroded Out Overflowing relief well nearing inundation by Dover Dam pool Artesian flow from piezometer even with extension Flow through open joints in bedrock in left abutment of dam

12 RISK ASSESSMENT Continuity of Erodible Sand Layers? Pervious sands, gravels, & cobbles with open work gravel zones as well as thin silt lenses/ layers highly erodible poorly graded sands ACTION WARRANTED Tolerable Risk Limit Risk assessment resulted in actionable failure modes (internal erosion through foundation sands) DSAC II rating (urgent)

13 SEEPAGE REMEDIATION MEASURES SEEPAGE BARRIER & GROUT CURTAIN COMPLETED REMEDIATION MEASURES Slope Filters Downstream Filter Berms Rehab Relief Wells ADAS Instrumentation DAM DOWNSTREAM DAM SEEPAGE BARRIER * 4,519 FEET LONG * UP TO 144 FEET DEEP * 2 FEET MIN. THICK STILLING BASIN UPSTREAM GROUT CURTAIN * DOUBLE LINE * 394 FEET LONG * 65 FOOT AVG. DEPTH SPILLWAY INTAKE STRUCTURE

14 BOLIVAR DAM GROUTING - OUTLINE A. SITE CONDITIONS 1. Project Location 2. Site Geology 3. Past Performance - Seepage B. GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION 1. Potential Failure Mode 2. Grout Curtain Design 3. Construction Methods C. GROUT CURTAIN RESULTS Slide 23 of 67

15 BEDROCK SEEPAGE LOCATION STILLING BASIN FLOOD EVENT INTAKE STRUCTURE HYPOTHETICAL SEEPAGE PATHS APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SEEPAGE BARRIER LEFT ABUTMENT

16 BEDROCK SEEPAGE LEFT ABUTMENT 2005 FLOOD EVENT 1991 FLOOD EVENT LOCATION ABOVE STILLING BASIN

17 LEFT ABUTMENT GEOLOGY Soil: (colluvium fines w/ rock frag.) approx. 16 thick Bedrock: Near horizontal, interbedded, sedimentary bedrock Two thin limestone units (Upper and Lower Mercer Limestone) TOP OF ROCK SPILLWAY LIMESTONE SOIL BEDROCK OUTLET TUNNELS Profile Along Grout Curtain Centerline Looking Upstream

18 UPPER AND LOWER MERCER LIMESTONE Limestone Units: thin (3 to 5 thick), regionally continuous, very hard, high UCS (as high as 32,000 psi). Joints: high angle, solutioned, approx. 5 spacing, joint set at 90 o, interconnected, avenues for groundwater flow. Bedding planes: low angle, open, solutioned and continuous. Exposed in stilling basin and spillway. LOWER MERCER LIMESTONE HIGH ANGLED JOINT SEEPAGE DURING FLOOD EVENT OPEN FRACTURES AT SURFACE Feet DOWN-THE-HOLE CAMERA IMAGES

19 LIMESTONE EXCAVATION / OUTCROP UPPER MERCER LIMESTONE LOWER MERCER LIMESTONE STILLING BASIN CONSTRUCTION PHOTO (1936)

20 BEDROCK SEEPAGE POTENTIAL FAILURE MODE EXISTING SPILLWAY SILL GROUT CURTAIN (1989) STILLING BASIN SCOUR/EROSION OF DAM EMBANKMENT FLOOD EVENT INTAKE STRUCTURE HYPOTHETICAL SEEPAGE PATHS APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SEEPAGE BARRIER LEFT ABUTMENT

21 BEDROCK SEEPAGE REMEDIATION EXISTING SPILLWAY SILL GROUT CURTAIN (1989) STILLING BASIN REDUCED GROUNDWATER VELOCITY LOCATION OF GROUT CURTAIN FLOOD EVENT INTAKE STRUCTURE HYPOTHETICAL SEEPAGE PATHS EXTEND SEEPAGE BARRIER KEYED INTO BEDROCK APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SEEPAGE BARRIER LEFT ABUTMENT

22 GROUT CURTAIN GENERAL DESIGN 400 length grout curtain SEEPAGE BARRIER OVERLAP 10 OVERLAP GROUT CURTAIN (394 LENGTH) N EXISTING SPILLWAY GROUT CURTAIN (1989) PLAN VIEW

23 GROUT CURTAIN GENERAL DESIGN 400 length grout curtain Double line grout curtain, 10 spacing between grout lines 3 diameter grout holes All Primary and Secondary holes were grouted. Higher order grout holes were split spaced, when needed.

24 GROUT CURTAIN GENERAL DESIGN 400 length grout curtain Double line grout curtain, 10 spacing between grout lines 3 diameter grout holes All Primary and Secondary holes were grouted. Higher order grout holes were split spaced, when needed. 65 depth, bottom elev. 924 (below limestone units) Two zones (treat upper and lower limestones separately) GEOLOGIC PROFILE LEFT ABUTMENT (looking upstream) Soil Top of Ground Top of Rock Existing Spillway 1000 Seepage Barrier BOTTOM OF ZONE (elev. ) ZONE 1 ZONE 2 Grout Curtain (1989) Bedrock BOTTOM OF CURTAIN (elev. 924) Existing Tunnels B 63+00B 64+00B 0+00G 1+00G 2+00G 3+00G 4+00G Soil (colluvium) Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone

25 GROUT CURTAIN GENERAL DESIGN 400 length grout curtain. Double line grout curtain, 10 spacing between grout lines 3 diameter grout holes All Primary and Secondary holes were grouted. Higher order grout holes were split spaced, when needed. 65 depth, bottom elev. 924 (below limestone units) Two zones (treat upper and lower limestones separately) Downstream holes inclined 30 o toward spillway (intersect high angled joints) GEOLOGIC PROFILE LEFT ABUTMENT (looking upstream) Soil Top of Ground Grout Holes Top of Rock Existing Spillway 1000 Seepage Barrier Grout Curtain (1989) Bedrock Existing Tunnels B 63+00B 64+00B 0+00G 1+00G 2+00G 3+00G 4+00G Soil (colluvium) Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone

26 GROUT CURTAIN GENERAL DESIGN 400 length grout curtain. Double line grout curtain, 10 spacing between grout lines 3 diameter grout holes All Primary and Secondary holes were grouted. Higher order grout holes were split spaced, when needed. 65 depth, bottom elev. 924 (below limestone units) Two zones (treat upper and lower limestones separately) Downstream holes inclined 30 o toward spillway (intersect high angled joints) Upstream holes inclined 30 o toward dam/valley (intersect high angled joints) GEOLOGIC PROFILE LEFT ABUTMENT (looking upstream) Soil Top of Ground Grout Holes Top of Rock Existing Spillway 1000 Seepage Barrier Grout Curtain (1989) Bedrock Existing Tunnels B 63+00B 64+00B 0+00G 1+00G 2+00G 3+00G 4+00G Soil (colluvium) Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone

27 CONSTRUCTION Contract awarded to Treviicos Seepage Barrier: panel method, excavated with hydromill, backfilled with low strength concrete Grout Curtain: subcontracted to TerraFirm Construction Award Cost: $44 million Notice to Proceed Date: May 2014

28 DRILLING THROUGH SOIL & INSTALL CASING Grouting was subcontracted to Terra Firm Hole location and drill mast orientation was surveyed Auger drilling method through soil without drilling fluids, used crawler-mounted Davey Kent drills Installed temporary casing (PVC pipe) Place grout seal and grout annulus in two lifts TYPICAL GROUT HOLE Temporary Casing Top of Ground Grout Seal Soil Top of Rock Claystone Upper Limestone SURVEY Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Lower Limestone CASING Interbedded SH/SS/Coal AUGER DRILL RIG Not to Scale

29 DRILLING THROUGH BEDROCK Water actuated down-hole hammer with crawler-mounted Gill Beetle drills Drill 3 diameter hole Bottom of grout curtain at elev. 924 Maximum drill length of 115 Inclination 0 o to 70 o from vertical Hole sidewalls were cleaned Hole deviation was measured using Boretrak or Gyroshot TYPICAL GROUT HOLE Temporary Casing Grout Seal Top of Ground Soil Top of Rock CLEANING NOZZLE Claystone Upper Limestone BORETRAK Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Lower Limestone Interbedded SH/SS/Coal 924 DOWN-HOLE-HAMMER DRILL RIG Not to Scale

30 PRESSURE TESTING Two Zones to treat upper and lower limestone units separately Upstage grouting preferred method Set double packer within zone Pressure is limited during pressure testing and grouting to prevent hydraulic jacking Computer monitored, using pressure transducers and flow meters To Water Pump TYPICAL GROUT HOLE Temporary Casing Grout Seal Top of Ground Soil Top of Rock Claystone Upper Limestone Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Lower Limestone ZONE 1 Packer ZONE Interbedded SH/SS/Coal 924 PRESSURE TEST CART Not to Scale

31 GROUTING Six balanced stabilized grout mixes (range of viscosity and specific gravity, <1% bleed, <0.05 Pressure Filtration, <16hr final set) Computer monitored grouting and pressure testing (Jean Lutz system) Typically start with thinner mixes and incrementally increase viscosity Grouting refusal set at 0.5 gal/min Temporary Casing To Grout Mixer TYPICAL GROUT HOLE Top of Ground GROUT MONITORING Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Grout Seal Soil Top of Rock Claystone Upper Limestone ZONE 1 Packer Grout Filled Fractures Lower Limestone ZONE GROUT PLANT Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Not to Scale 924

32 DOWNSTAGE GROUTING Downstage grouting if significant drill water loss is encountered (+50%), indicating open foundation conditions. TYPICAL GROUT HOLE Stage is pressure tested and grouted prior to deepening the hole. Temporary Casing Grout Seal Top of Ground Soil Top of Rock Claystone Upper Limestone Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Void Lower Limestone Interbedded SH/SS/Coal Not to Scale

33 BOLIVAR DAM GROUTING - OUTLINE A. SITE CONDITIONS B. GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION 1. Potential Failure Mode 2. Grout Curtain Design 3. Construction Methods C. GROUT CURTAIN RESULTS 1. Grout Takes 2. Closure Criteria 3. Lessons Learned Slide 42 of 67

34 GROUT RECORDS UPSTREAM LINE ZONE 1 ZONE GROUT PROFILE PRIMARY & SECONDARY HOLES (looking downstream)

35 GROUT RECORDS UPSTREAM LINE ZONE 1 ZONE Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier Soil (colluvium) Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GROUT PROFILE PRIMARY & SECONDARY HOLES (looking downstream)

36 GROUT RECORDS DOWNSTREAM LINE ZONE 1 ZONE GROUT PROFILE PRIMARY & SECONDARY HOLES (looking downstream)

37 GROUT RECORDS DOWNSTREAM LINE ZONE 1 ZONE Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier Soil (colluvium) Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GROUT PROFILE PRIMARY & SECONDARY HOLES (looking downstream)

38 GROUT PLACEMENT DOWNHOLE IMAGES 21 HOLE P140U - 30 o CLAYSTONE 22 GROUT Soil (colluvium) UPPER MERCER LIMESTONE GROUT Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GEOLOGIC PROFILE SHOWING DOWNSTAGE GROUT (looking downstream) CLAYSTONE 0+50 ZONE 1 ZONE

39 GROUT PLACEMENT DOWNHOLE IMAGES HOLE P140U - 30 o GROUT LOWER MERCER LIMESTONE ZONE 1 ZONE Soil (colluvium) Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier GROUT Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GEOLOGIC PROFILE SHOWING DOWNSTAGE GROUT (looking downstream) CLAYSTONE

40 GROUT PLACEMENT DOWNHOLE IMAGES HOLE P190U - 30 o Soil (colluvium) LOWER MERCER LIMESTONE SHALE GROUT GROUT Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GEOLOGIC PROFILE SHOWING DOWNSTAGE GROUT (looking downstream) 0+50 ZONE 1 ZONE

41 GROUT PLACEMENT DOWNHOLE IMAGES HOLE T145U - 30 o 23 GROUT UPPER MERCER LIMESTONE GROUT Downstage Grouting Seepage Barrier 0+50 ZONE 1 ZONE Soil (colluvium) CLAYSTONE Shale, Siltstone & Coal Sandstone Limestone GEOLOGIC PROFILE SHOWING DOWNSTAGE GROUT (looking downstream)

42 Grout Curtain - Closure Criteria Specified that Primary and Secondary holes were to be drilled, pressure tested and grouted (min. 10 spacing). Specified criteria for refusal during grouting was 0.5 gallons per minute. Specified criteria for split-spaced higher-order grout holes was grout take being greater than 100 gallons. Consensus from a cadre of professionals, upon review of data. Sequential reduction of grout takes and pressure test values for higher order grout holes (reduction in bedrock permeability). Additional criteria for split-spacing by reviewing pressure test results of the highestorder grout holes to determine a risk-based and practical upper bound values (lugeon values).

43 Review of Pressure Test Results Zone 2 Seepage within Zone 2 has a higher probability of dam failure than Zone 1. Higher hydraulic gradient Increased frequency of pools Longer pool duration Upper bound Lugeon value of 10 for highest-order, pre-grouted holes (marginally groutable). Final average Lugeon value below 5 Resulted in adding 10 Higher-Order holes. 1,000 TOP OF GROUND 1,000 SPILLWAY SOIL DAM ZONE 1 TOP OF ROCK ZONE 2 ZONE BOUNDARY BOTTOM OF GROUT CURTAIN G 3+00 G OUTLET TUNNELS 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G Profile - Grout Curtain SEEPAGE BARRIER WALL G 0+50 G 0+00 G

44 Review of Pressure Test Results Zone 1 Seepage within Zone 1 has a lower probability of dam failure than Zone 2. Lower hydraulic gradient Decreased frequency of pools Shorter pool duration Upper bound Lugeon value of 35 for highest-order grouted holes from sta 0+00G to 2+00G. Final average Lugeon value below 20 (higher than typical criteria) Resulted in adding 12 Higher Order holes. 1,000 TOP OF GROUND 1,000 DAM SPILLWAY SOIL ZONE 1 TOP OF ROCK ZONE 2 ZONE BOUNDARY BOTTOM OF GROUT CURTAIN G 3+00 G OUTLET TUNNELS 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G SEEPAGE BARRIER WALL G 0+50 G 0+00 G Profile - Grout Curtain

45 Upstream Grout Curtain All Holes Average hole spacing = Total Holes, 50 Primary & Secondary, 52 Higher Order Holes Primary through Quinary Holes Approximately 4,600 of grouted holes in bedrock 115,700 gal of grout Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 1,000 SPILLWAY SOIL TOP OF GROUND 1,000 DAM ZONE 1 TOP OF ROCK ZONE 2 ZONE BOUNDARY BOTTOM OF GROUT CURTAIN G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G 1+00 G 0+50 G 0+00 G 900 Profile - Upstream Grout Curtain

46 Upstream Curtain Zone 2 Closure Higher Risk 1,000 S379F0U S377F20U S379F40U S377F60U S303F-40U Q302F-27.5U Q301F-22.5U T300.5F-15U Q301F12.5U Q300F17.5U S301F0U T300.5F25U LUGEON VALUES FROM PRE-GROUTED PRESSURE TESTS Foundation Condition Before Grouting (U/S primary holes) Nearly Completed Grouting (highest-order grout holes) T295U Q287.5U QU283.8U QU281.3U T275U Q267.5U Q262.5U T255U Median (Lu) T245U T235U T225U Average (Lu) T215U T205U T195U Standard Deviation T185U T175U T165U T155U Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec) x X10-5 T145U S130U T115U T105U T085U T095U Q087.5U Q082.5U Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 0 5 Lugeon 5-10 Lugeon Lugeon + 15 Lugeon T075U Q067.5U Q062.5U T055U Q047.5U Q042.5U T045U T035U S030U T025U Q017.5U Q012.5U 1, G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G Upper Bound Criteria = 10 Lu 1+00 G 0+50 G Profile - Upstream Curtain Highest-Order Grout Holes Only 0+00 G 900

47 1,000 Upstream Curtain Zone 1 Closure Low Risk S379F0U S377F20U S379F40U S377F60U S303F-40U Q302F-27.5U Q301F-22.5U T300.5F-15U Q301F12.5U Q300F17.5U S301F0U T300.5F25U LUGEON VALUES FROM PRE-GROUTED PRESSURE TESTS Foundation Condition Before Grouting (U/S primary holes) Nearly Completed Grouting (highest-order grout holes) T295U Q287.5U QU283.8U QU281.3U T275U 31 Q267.5U Q262.5U T255U Median (Lu) 43 T245U T235U 8 T225U Average (Lu) T215U T205U T195U Standard Deviation T185U T175U T165U T155U 29 6 Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec) ,123 5x X10-4 T145U S130U 2.9 T115U T105U 2 T085U T095U Q087.5U Q082.5U Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 0 10 Lugeon Lugeon Lugeon + 40 Lugeon T075U Q067.5U Q062.5U T055U Q047.5U Q042.5U T045U T035U S030U T025U Q017.5U Q012.5U , G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G Upper Bound Criteria = 35 Lu 1+00 G 0+50 G Profile - Upstream Curtain Highest-Order Grout Holes Only 0+00 G 900

48 Downstream Grout Curtain All Holes Average hole spacing = Total Holes, 46 Primary & Secondary, 22 Higher Order Holes Primary through Quaternary Holes Approximately 3,100 of grouted hole in bedrock 12,800 gal of grout Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 1,000 TOP OF GROUND 1,000 DAM SPILLWAY SOIL ZONE 1 TOP OF ROCK ZONE 2 ZONE BOUNDARY BOTTOM OF GROUT CURTAIN G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G 1+00 G 0+50 G 0+00 G 900 Profile - Downstream Grout Curtain

49 Downstream Curtain Zone 2 Closure Higher Risk T384F0D T378.5F5D S377F20D S379F40D S376F60D 1,000 SPILLWAY LUGEON VALUES FROM PRE-GROUTED PRESSURE TESTS Foundation Condition Before Grouting (U/S primary holes) Nearly Completed Grouting (highest-order grout holes) S301F-40D Q297.5D Q292.5D T285D S270D Median (Lu) S250D S230D Average (Lu) S210D Q197.5D Standard Deviation Q192.5D T185D T175D T165D Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec) x X10-5 S150D T135D T125D Q117.5D Q112.5D T105D S090D S070D Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 0 5 Lugeon 5-10 Lugeon Lugeon + 15 Lugeon S050D T035D S030D T025D S010D S-007F30D S-009F10D Upper Bound Criteria = 10 Lu G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G 1+00 G 0+50 G 0+00 G Profile - Downstream Curtain Highest-Order Grout Holes Only

50 T384F0D T378.5F5D S377F20D S379F40D S376F60D 1, Downstream Curtain Zone 1 Closure Low Risk SPILLWAY LUGEON VALUES FROM PRE-GROUTED PRESSURE TESTS Foundation Condition Before Grouting (U/S primary holes) Nearly Completed Grouting (highest-order grout holes) S301F-40D Q297.5D Q292.5D T285D 2.7 S270D Median (Lu) S250D S230D Average (Lu) S210D Q197.5D 1.7 Standard Deviation Q192.5D T185D T175D T165D Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec) ,123 5x X10-4 S150D T135D T125D Q117.5D Q112.5D T105D S090D S070D Primary (20 ) Secondary (10 ) Tertiary (5 ) Quaternary (2.5 ) Quinary (1.25 ) 0 10 Lugeon Lugeon Lugeon + 40 Lugeon S050D 0 T035D S030D T025D S010D S-007F30D S-009F10D G 3+00 G 2+00 G 2+50 G 1+50 G Upper Bound Criteria = 35 Lu 1+00 G 0+50 G Profile - Downstream Profile -Curtain Downstream Highest-Order Grout Curtain Grout Holes Only 0+00 G 900

51 Grout Placed All Holes GROUT PLACED - All Holes (gal) Upstream Downstream subtotal Primary 78,627 8,453 87,081 Secondary 33,953 3,412 37,365 Tertiary 2, ,278 Quaternary Quinary subtotal: 115,671 12,802 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 Grout Placed - All Holes (gal) 128,473:Total Grout Placed (gal) Downstream Upstream GROUT PLACED PER LINEAR FOOT (gal/lf) Upstream Downstream subtotal Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Quinary subtotal: :Grout Placed Per Linear Foot (gal/lf) Total Cement Placed (cf): 8,659 Cement Placed per LF (cf/lf): 1.13 (estimated 0.33) Grout Placed Per Linear Foot (gal/lf) Primary Secondary Tertiary Downstream Quaternary Upstream Quinary

52 Grout Placed Grout Line/Zone GROUT PLACED - UPSTREAM LINE (gal) Zone 1 Zone 2 subtotal Primary 52, , ,627 Secondary 11, , ,953 Tertiary , ,421 Quaternary Quinary subtotal: 65,046 50,625 Grout Placed - Upstream Line (gal) 80,000 60,000 40,000 20, ,671:Total Grout Placed - Upstream (gal) Zone 2 Zone 1 GROUT PLACED - DOWNSTREAM LINE (gal) Zone 1 Zone 2 subtotal Primary 2,671 5,782 8,453 Secondary 1,069 2,343 3,412 Tertiary Quaternary Quinary 0 subtotal: 3,916 8,887 Grout Placed - Downstream Line (gal) 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, ,802:Total Grout Placed - Downstream (gal) Grout Placed: 54% Zone 1, 46% Zone 2 Grout Placed: 90% Upstream Line, 10% Downstream Zone 2 Zone 1

53 Pressure Test & Downstages Pre-grouted Pressure Test (Median Lu) PRESSURE TEST - MEDIAN LUGEON Upstream Downstream Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Quinary Primary Secondary Tertiary Downstream Quaternary Upstreasm Quinary Total Number of Downstages (ea) TOTAL NUMBER OF DOWNSTAGES (ea) Upstream Downstream subtotal Primary Secondary Tertiary 3 3 Quaternary 0 Quinary 0 subtotal: :Total Number of Downstages (ea) Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Quinary 80% of grout placed during downstaging Downstream Upstream

54 Grout Placed Grout Mix Grout Placed - Upstream Line - By Mix (gal/lf) GROUT PLACED - UPSTREAM LINE - BY MIX (gal/lf) Mix A Mix B Mix C Mix D Mix E Mix F (36 sec) (41 sec) (58 sec) (127 sec) (high gum) (sanded) Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary 0.89 Quinary Mix A1 Mix B Mix C Mix D Mix E Mix F Quinary Quaternary Tertiary Secondary Primary Grout Placed Downstream Line - By Mix (gal/lf) GROUT PLACED - DOWNSTREAM LINE - BY MIX (gal/lf) Mix A Mix B Mix C Mix D Mix E Mix F (36 sec) (41 sec) (58 sec) (127 sec) (high gum) (sanded) Primary Secondary Tertiary 1.43 Quaternary 0.27 Quinary Mix A Mix B Mix C Mix D Mix E Mix F Quinary Quaternary Tertiary Secondary Primary

55 Grouting Quantities DESCRIPTION UNIT ORIGINAL QUANTITY (+ mod 28) FINAL ESTIMATED QUANTITY PERCENT (+/-) Drilling and Grouting - Mobilization and Demobilization JOB Hole Drilling in Overburden and Casing Installation LF 2,200 2,122-4 Hole Drilling in Rock LF 7,070 8, Hole Re-Drilling LF 2,100 1, Reconnections for Downstaging EA Pressure Testing EA Optical Televiewer Survey LF Placing Grout HR Stand-by Time for Grouting HR Portland Cement In Grout CF 2,400 8, Sand in Grout LBS 4,465 84, Bentonite in Grout LBS 5,850 22, Admixtures in Grout GAL 510 4, Modification 0028 expanded the scope of the grout curtain, as a result of IEPR comments. Quantities are approximate and have not been finalized at the time of this presentation.

56 Lessons Learned Been There Done That doesn t always apply to Being Here Doing This We ve rarely use a sanded mix (estimating quantities) You re done when you re done (need for closure criteria) I don t need no stinking Microsoft Access (need for data management) Only one more slide!

57 SEEPAGE BARRIER & GROUTING: STATUS FINALIZING SITE WORK SEEPAGE BARRIER COMPLETED APRIL 2016 GROUT CURTAIN COMPLETED NOVEMBER 2015

58 BOLIVAR DAM GROUT CURTAIN CONSTRUCTION Muskingum River Basin, OH Thank you! Marietta OH 1913 Flood