Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima. Euzebio Medrado da Silva. Michael Strauch. Carsten Lorz. Hochschule Weihenstephan- Triesdorf

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1 Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima Euzebio Medrado da Silva Michael Strauch Carsten Lorz Hochschule Weihenstephan- Triesdorf

2 SWAT is a physically-based hydrological model spatially distributed parameters Soil parameters (input data + calibration) lack of profound data in tropics (e.g. soil hydraulic properties) pedotransfer functions as work-around, but hydrological behavior of tropical soils is different (e.g. pseudosand particles)

3 This study aims to present a reference soil database for applying SWAT in catchments of the Brazilian Savanna, by providing initial parameter values and their ranges of variation.

4 Upper Jardim Experimental River Basin (~105 km²)

5 The Cerrado Biome (Brazilian savanna region) Cerrado s.s. Mata de galeria Campo Large scale cropping (soybean, corn)

6 Upper Jardim Experimental River Basin (data collection) Red Latosols 22 points Red-Yellow Latosols 19 Cambisols 10 Gleysols 2 Plinthosols 2 Yellow Latosol 1 Quartzarenic Neosols - 12 (DF) Core and disturbed samples 15 and 60 cm Water table level - Ks

7 Upper Jardim Experimental River Basin (data collection) Soil information Method Reference Soil texture Sieving and pipetting (3x) Embrapa (1997) Bulk density Volumetric ring (3x) Embrapa (1997) Saturated hydraulic conductivity Soil water retention curve (SWRC) Constant head permeameter (6x); Slug test Klute (1965) Hvorslev (1951) Centrifuge (3x) Reatto et al. (2008) Available water content SWRC: 10 to 1,500 kpa Reichardt (1988) Organic matter Oxidation (3x) Embrapa (1997) Soil erodibility Regional PTF Lima et al. (2007)

8 Conceptual model developed for representing Cerrado soils vertically in SWAT

9 Average values of the parameters per layer and soil class. SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z1 SOL_BD1 SOL_AWC1 SOL_K1 SOL_CBN1 CLAY1 SILT1 SAND1 ROCK1 USLE_K1 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D Rock Outcrop AFLR 1 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z2 SOL_BD2 SOL_AWC2 SOL_K2 SOL_CBN2 CLAY2 SILT2 SAND2 ROCK2 USLE_K2 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z3 SOL_BD3 SOL_AWC3 SOL_K3 SOL_CBN3 CLAY3 SILT3 SAND3 ROCK3 USLE_K3 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A

10 Minimum values of the parameters per layer and soil class. SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z1 SOL_BD1 SOL_AWC1 SOL_K1 SOL_CBN1 CLAY1 SILT1 SAND1 ROCK1 USLE_K1 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D Rock Outcrop AFLR 1 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z2 SOL_BD2 SOL_AWC2 SOL_K2 SOL_CBN2 CLAY2 SILT2 SAND2 ROCK2 USLE_K2 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z3 SOL_BD3 SOL_AWC3 SOL_K3 SOL_CBN3 CLAY3 SILT3 SAND3 ROCK3 USLE_K3 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A

11 Maximum values of the parameters per layer and soil class. SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z1 SOL_BD1 SOL_AWC1 SOL_K1 SOL_CBN1 CLAY1 SILT1 SAND1 ROCK1 USLE_K1 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D Rock Outcrop AFLR 1 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z2 SOL_BD2 SOL_AWC2 SOL_K2 SOL_CBN2 CLAY2 SILT2 SAND2 ROCK2 USLE_K2 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A Cambisols CX 2 C Gleysols GX 2 D Plinthosols FX 2 D SNAM NLAYERS HYDGRP SOL_ZMX SOL_Z3 SOL_BD3 SOL_AWC3 SOL_K3 SOL_CBN3 CLAY3 SILT3 SAND3 ROCK3 USLE_K3 Red Latosols LV 3 A Red-Yellow Latosols LVA 3 A Yellow Latosol LA 3 A Quartzarenic Neosols RQ 3 A

12 The study provides reference values for defining layerspecific soil parameters in the Cerrado biome We also present physically meaningful parameter ranges, which can be used for model calibration. increasing applicability and reliability of the SWAT model when used in the Cerrado biome might be useful as blueprint for further studies in other regions might contribute to global SWAT soil database

13 Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima Euzebio Medrado da Silva Michael Strauch Carsten Lorz Hochschule Weihenstephan- Triesdorf