ASSESSMENT OF DATA RESCUE ACTIVITIES AND CLIMATE DATA MANAGEMENT CAPABILITIES IN COTE D IVOIRE (July, 16 to 31, 2016)

Transcription

1 ASSESSMENT OF DATA RESCUE ACTIVITIES AND CLIMATE DATA MANAGEMENT CAPABILITIES IN COTE D IVOIRE (July, 16 to 31, 2016) Place Direction de la Météorologie Nationale de COTE D IVOIRE 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : Dates of the mission 16 to 31 July, 2016 Objective and scope Assessment of the current status of data rescue activities and climate data management capabilities in Cote d Ivoire and develop an implementation plan for advancing data rescue. Terms of Reference 1. Develop an inventory of climate data that need to be rescued and digitized 2. Propose an end to end solution for preserving, rescuing and digitizing climate data 3. Propose technical specifications for facilities, equipment and software to ensure appropriate preservation, rescue and digitization of the data 4. Develop an implementation plan including resource considerations (who should do the data rescue work: private company, hired local people, students...), budget estimates and related training needs 5. Assess the performance, stability and appropriateness of climate data management and its Climate data Management System (CDMS) and recommend priority actions including hardand software as well as training needs 6. Provide separate mission reports for both countries covering the above topics. Deliverable Implementation plan to advance data rescue and climate data management in Cote d Ivoire. Page 1 of 44

2 Mission personnel: SACI Azzedine Cité de la Météorologie Bat A3 n 3 Les Tamaris BORDJ EL KIFFAN ALGER ALGERIE Tel : azzedinesaci@gmail.com List of Persons meet or contacted during the Mission Daouda KONATE Directeur de la Météorologie Nationale DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel: Mobile: / daouda_konate@yahoo.fr / konatedaouda71@gmail.com N guessan KOUAKOU Directeur Général Adjoint Chargé de l Exploitation et des Opérations techniques SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : / msceller@sodexam.ci / sceller2002@yahoo.fr Jean-Claude SEKA Chef de Service Banque de Données météorologiques DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel: Mobile: sekasbd@yahoo.fr Kouakou Bernard DJE Chef de Département de la Climatologie et des Applications Météorologiques DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : dkouakou_b@yahoo.fr Kouassi DOU Chef de service Climatologie DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : doukouassif@yahoo.fr Henri ACHIEPO Service Banque de données Section Archivage DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : achiepo1960@yahoo.com Page 2 of 44

3 Brou Isidore KANGA Chef de service Etudes Météorologiques DMN/SODEXAM 15 BP 990 ABIDJAN 15 Tel : kisieh@yahoo.fr Peer HECHLER Scientific Officer Data Management Applications Division Observing and Information Systems Department World Meteorological Organization 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Case postale 2300 CH 1211 Genève 2 SUISSE Tel.: +41 (0) phechler@wmo.int Page 3 of 44

4 International Databases 1- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ National Climatic Data Center NOAA/NCDC data bases Integrated Surface Database (ISD) The Integrated Surface Database (ISD) consists of global hourly and synoptic observations compiled from numerous sources into a single common ASCII format and common data model. ISD was developed as a joint activity within Asheville's Federal Climate Complex. NCEI, with U.S. Air Force and Navy partners, began the effort in 1998 with the assistance of external funding from several sources. ISD integrates data from over 100 original data sources, such as the Automated Weather Network (AWN), the Global Telecommunications System (GTS), the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), including numerous data formats that were key-entered from paper forms during the 1950s 1970s time frame. The database includes data originating from various codes such as synoptic, airways, METAR (Meteorological Routine Weather Report), and SMARS (Supplementary Marine Reporting Station). The database includes over 35,000 stations worldwide, with some having data as far back as 1901, though the data show a substantial increase in volume in the 1940s and again in the early 1970s. Currently, there are over 14,000 "active" stations updated daily in the database. The total uncompressed data volume is around 600 gigabytes; however, it continues to grow as more data are added. ISD includes numerous parameters such as wind speed and direction, wind gust, temperature, dew point, cloud data, sea level pressure, altimeter setting, station pressure, present weather, visibility, precipitation amounts for various time periods, snow depth, and various other elements as observed by each station. The data are sorted by station-year-month-day-hour-minute. (Hour in GMT). Units used for Temperatures ( F), Pressures (Hpa), Visibility (Miles), Wind speed (Kt), Precipitation (Inches),Altimeter setting (Inches). Data are accessible via: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/noaa For Cote d Ivoire, ISD data exist on the period for the 14 synoptic stations. The mean period is 44 years. The fifteenth old station have a very short period of 4 years. Data are in whole ASCII file. Page 4 of 44

5 ISD Data for Cote d'ivoire USAF-W STATION NAME LAT LONG ELEV PERIOD OF DATA NB YEARS NB OBS ODIENNE KORHOGO FERKESSEDOUGOU BONDOUKOU/SOKO MAN BOUAKE GAGNOA DALOA DIMBOKRO CITY YAMOUSSOUKRO ABIDJAN FELIX H B ADIAKE TABOU SAN PEDRO SASSANDRA/DREWIN Page 5 of 44

6 Global Summary of the Day (GSOD) Global summary of day data for 18 surface meteorological elements are derived from the synoptic/hourly observations contained in USAF DATSAV3 Surface data and Federal Climate Complex Integrated Surface Data (ISD). Historical data are generally available for 1929 to the present, with data from 1973 to the present being the most complete. Daily weather elements include mean values of temperature, dew point temperature, sea level pressure, station pressure, visibility, and wind speed plus maximum and minimum temperature, maximum sustained wind speed and maximum gust, precipitation amount, snow depth, and weather indicators FRSHTT.(1 = yes, 0 = no/not reported) for the occurrence during the day of Fog ('F'), Rain or Drizzle ('R'), Snow or Ice Pellets ('S'), Hail ('H'), Thunder ('T'), Tornado or Funnel Cloud ('T'). In deriving the summary of day data, a minimum of 4 observations for the day must be present (allows for stations which report 4 synoptic observations/day). Number of observations used in calculating mean values is given for temperature, dew point temperature, sea level pressure, station pressure, visibility, and wind speed. Units used for Temperatures ( F), Pressures (Hpa), Visibility (Miles), Wind speed (Kt), Precipitation and Snow (Inches). The data are accessible via: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/gsod. GSOD data exist on the period for the 14 synoptic stations of Cote d Ivoire. On the mean period of 40 years, 80% of daily data are available. Data are in whole ASCII file. Three stations are a part of surface network (GSN) of the global climate observing system (GCOS). Page 6 of 44

7 GSOD Data for Cote d'ivoire USAF-W WMO-ID STATION NAME LAT LONG ELEV PERIOD OF DATA NB YEARS NB OBS Pourcent IV ODIENNE % IVM KORHOGO % IVM BONDOUKOU/SOKO % IV MAN % IV BOUAKE % IV GAGNOA % IVM DALOA % IV DIMBOKRO % IVM YAMOUSSOUKRO % IVM ABIDJAN FELIX H B GSN % IV ADIAKE GSN % IV TABOU % IVM SAN PEDRO % IV SASSANDRA GSN % % Page 7 of 44

8 DAILY GLOBAL HISTORICAL CLIMATOLOGY NETWORK (GHCN-DAILY) GHCN (Global Historical Climatology Network)-Daily is an integrated database of daily climate summaries from land surface stations across the globe. GHCN-Daily is comprised of daily climate records from numerous sources that have been integrated and subjected to a common suite of quality assurance reviews. GHCN-Daily now contains records from over stations in 180 countries and territories. Numerous daily variables are provided, including maximum and minimum temperature, total daily precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth; however, about two thirds of the stations report precipitation only. Both the record length and period of record vary by station and cover intervals ranging from less than year to more than 175 years. The dataset is regularly reconstructed (usually every weekend) from its 20-plus data source components to ensure that GHCN-Daily is generally in sync with its growing list of constituent sources. During this process, quality assurance checks are applied to the full dataset. GHCN-Daily source data have been obtained via personal contacts with representatives from National Meteorological and Hydrological Centers (NMHCs) around the world, through official bi-lateral agreements, and from a number a data archives at NCDC. These sources fall into four broad categories: (1) the U.S. Collection; (2) the International Collection; (3) Government Exchange Data; and (4) the Global Summary of the Day. Each record in a file contains one month of daily data The five core values are: PRCP = Precipitation (mm or inches as per user preference) SNOW = Snowfall (mm or inches as per user preference) SNWD = Snow depth (mm or inches as per user preference) TMAX = Maximum temperature (Fahrenheit or Celsius as per user preference) TMIN = Minimum temperature (Fahrenheit or Celsius as per user preference) TAVG = Mean temperature is optional. The data are accessible via: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/ GHCN daily data exist on the period for 21 locations. Daily data for temperatures (maximum, minimum and mean) and precipitation are inventoried for the 14 synoptic stations of Cote d Ivoire and have a mean period of 50 years. 6 others stations have data for temperature maximum, temperature minimum and precipitation on the period and a mean period of 33 years. Only one station have a very short old period of 4 years. Months with at least 20 days for synoptic stations: TMIN 67%, TMAX 76%, PRCP 40%, TAVG 82% Data are stored in ASCII file for each station. Three stations are a part of surface network (GSN) of the global climate observing system (GCOS). Page 8 of 44

9 GHCN_D Data for Cote d'ivoire USAF-W WMO- ID STATION NAME GSN LAT LONG ELEV TMAX Nb Years TMIN Nb Years PRCP Nb Years TAVG Nb Years IV ODIENNE ********* IV FERKESSEDOUGOU ********* IV MAN IV BOUAKE IV GAGNOA IV DIMBOKRO IV ABIDJAN ********* IV ADIAKE ********* IV TABOU IV SASSANDRA ********* IV PORT-BOUET ********* IV00000I096 ABIDJAN-VILLE ********* IV ODIENNE IV ADIAKE GSN IV SASSANDRA GSN IVM KORHOGO IVM BONDOUKOU/SOKO IVM DALOA IVM YAMOUSSOUKRO ABIDJAN FELIX IVM HOUPHOUET BOI GSN IVM SAN PEDRO Page 9 of 44

10 2- French historical climate data Historical climate data for 14 African countries for 142 meteorological stations. (daily, synoptic and upper-air data) were distributed on 2002 by Meteo-France through WMO CLICOM project. Map of stations 14 countries, 142 stations, 120 millions of synoptic data (20 elements), 65 millions of daily data (42 elements), 5 million observations of upper air wind. 12 countries have daily and monthly precipitation Variables observation periods from 1940 to 1980, the oldest of which date back to 1850 from: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Chad, Togo. Synoptic data elements (20): Visibility, height and cloudiness of the main cloud layer, direction and speed of the synoptic wind, present weather, past weather, sea level pressure, temperature, humidity, vapour pressure, clouds codes CL, CM, CH, total cloud cover, cloud cover and height of the lowest cloud layer, wetbulb temperature, dew point temperature, station pressure. Daily data (42): Direction and gust wind, relative humidity min and max, min and max temperature, and precipitation, total rainfall, duration of and precipitation, evaporation of morning, evening and total, sunshine in the morning, evening and total, ground temperature min and max, visibility min, daily occurrences: fog, thunderstorm, hail, sunshine continue, clear air, haze, mist, dew, halo, sky dust, dust storm, sand storm, lightning, crown, rainbow sky, frost, grain, rain, morning pressure min and max, evening min max pressure. ASECNARR : Rainfall data from ASECNA agency (Agence pour la sécurité de la navigation aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar). Daily total of precipitation, monthly total of precipitation, monthly number of days with precipitation Countries: Bénin, Burkina Faso, République centrafricaine, Congo, Côte d Ivoire, Gabon, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Sénégal, Tchad, Togo. Page 10 of 44

11 List of stations IDENTIFICATEURS NOMS DES STATIONS LAT LON UTILISE LOCAL OACI OMM DEG MIN SEC N/S DEG MIN SEC E/W ALTITUDE ODIENNE N O KORHOGO N O FERKESSEDOUGOU N O BONDOUKOU N O MAN N O BOUAKE N O GAGNOA N O DIMBOKRO N O ABIDJAN N O ADIAKE N O TABOU N O SASSANDRA N O PORT-BOUET N O 10.0 I013 FERKESSEDOUGOU IRAT N O I039 TOUMBOKRO N O I048 DALOA AERO N O I055 YAMASSOUKRO AERO N O I063 ABENGOUROU N O I065 LAMTO N O 0.0 I069 ZAGNE N O I077 AGBOVILLE N O 54.0 I078 SOUBRE-CEDAR N O 0.0 I083 LAME N O 23.0 I094 ADIOPODOUME N O 25.0 I096 0 ABIDJAN-VILLE N O 20.0 I129 BOROTOU N O 0.0 I187 AZAGUIE IFAC N O 0.0 I188 AYAME I N O 0.0 I193 BONOUA N O 0.0 I198 SAN PEDRO AERO Upper air stations are in blue Page 11 of 44

12 Upper air, Daily and Synoptic Stations Daily and Synoptic Stations Rainfall Stations Data for Côte d Ivoire are available for 12 synoptic stations; data are in CLICOM ASCII format. There are two data files, a daily data file and a synoptic data file. Page 12 of 44

13 Data exist on the period IDENTIFIERS USED LOCAL OACI OMM STATION NAME LAT LON DEG MIN N/S DEG MIN E/W ELEVATION DAILY DATA SYNOPTIC DATA ODIENNE 9 30 N 7 34 W FERKESSEDOUGOU 9 35 N 5 12 W MAN 7 23 N 7 23 W BOUAKE 7 41 N 5 2 W GAGNOA 6 8 N 5 57 W DIMBOKRO 6 39 N 4 42 W ABIDJAN 5 15 N 3 56 W ADIAKE 5 17 N 3 18 W TABOU 4 25 N 7 22 W SASSANDRA 4 57 N 6 5 W PORT-BOUET 5 15 N 3 56 W I096 0 ABIDJAN-VILLE 5 19 N 4 1 W Page 13 of 44

14 3- ACMAD Archives Microfiches from DARE I project were received at ACMAD on 1997 from International Data Rescue Coordination Centre (IDCC),Institut Royal Météorologique of Belgium. International Environmental Data Rescue Organization (IEDRO) project was initiated on 2012 and start on July DARE team was recruited on September 2014 on UNDP fund. Microfiches are stored in four armories in 297 boxes and cover 43 countries. Inventory files contains information write on each microfiche (station name, doc-id, sheet-id, begin-date, end-date, nb images). Estimated numbers are microfiches containing images. For Cote d Ivoire 8 boxes of microfiches exist.(2530 microfiches with images) Page 14 of 44

15 National Meteorological Service of Cote d Ivoire National Meteorological service is one of the 3 directions of SODEXAM (Société d Exploitation et de Developpement Aéroportuaire, Aéronautique et Météorologique).It is organized on three departments: Global Meteorological and transports in which Forecast and Media are included, studies, development and environment department, Climatology and meteorological applications department with climatology (data control) service and meteorological applications (agro meteorology) service and two services close to the director, network, equipment and instrumental meteorological techniques service and Meteorological data bank service who include climatological archives section, with a total staff of 103 persons whose 38 in the direction at Abijan. The network consists of 14 synoptic stations, 1 upper air station, 6 climatological stations and 193 rain gauge stations and 14 agro meteorological stations (property of Agricultural Research Centre),. 13 synoptic stations are managed by SODEXAM-Meteorology administration and 1 synoptic station on airport platform (Abijan) by ASECNA agency (Agence pour la sécurité de la navigation aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar), 8 Automatic Weather Stations (PRECIS MECANIQUE) are being installed since 2015 in synoptic stations. Both stations are working in same time, manual station and automatic station. The website ( includes description of meteorological activities. Internet access is 3 Mb. Climatology activity is dispatched on three structures, Studies, development and environment department, - Meteorological studies service Climatology and meteorological applications department - Climatology service - Meteorological applications (agrometeorology) Meteorological Databank service. - Archive section A team of 18 people, including 3 will soon retire, dealt with climatology activities. Two people are key entry operators. Mr Jean Claude SEKA chief of the databank service is the administrator of Climsoft Data Base Management System (DBMS), Mr Brou Isidore KANGA chief of meteorological studies service is the administrator of CLIDATA Data Base Management System. Data base Management System: 1- PLUVIOM is a software developed on 1989 by ORSTOM, French institution (Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d Outre Mer) to enter Rainfall data in a database. PLUVIOM was installed on 1992 to key entry daily precipitation data, the system fail on The CLIMate data BASE christened CLIMBASE [Agrhymet 1992] is a project of the Agrhymet Meteorological Centre, Niamey, Niger, aimed at building and organizing a historical climate data collected by ground stations. CLIMBASE is a DOS application. CLIMBASE was not used, 3- The CliCom Climate Data Management System was introduced in 1985 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), with the assistance of NOAA to assist countries with climate data management. The first installation of CLICOM was done on 1990 in the computer science department. People meet difficulties to run CLICOM. 4- LOGAM is local software developed with Visual Basic and use ACCESS as database management system. Development starts on LOGAM is still used on a local network to key entry data, to assist external users and to produce 10 days agrometeorological bulletin. Page 15 of 44

16 5- CLIMSOFT a free Open Source climate data management system, has been developed with support from the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and the UK Met Office. It is currently used by over 27 countries in Africa and elsewhere. Climsoft installations in the 13 synoptic stations start on December Data are keyed locally, monthly files are sent to DMN on SODEXAM server. There is no evaluation on this ongoing action. 6- A climate data management system (CLIDATA) developed by Czech Republic, has been installed and training has been carried out at the regional Agrometeorological and Hydrological (AGRHYMET) Centre of the Inter-State Committee on Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS), based in Niamey, Niger. CLIDATA will be installed in the nine CILSS countries by the end of 2004 (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal and Chad) and Cote d Ivoire on December 2014.(a server and 1 station) CLIDATA software runs under the Oracle Data base Management System. Between 1990 and 1996, minicomputers (Bull Mini6 and DPS6000) were used. Data on magnetic tapes were lost. First PC was received on 1998, PLUVIOM precipitation data were managed on Lotus 123 before using Excel. LOGAM is used to key entry synoptic data and daily data from: Synoptic key entry book (21 synoptic elements, 33 daily elements) Synoptic elements (Visibility, Wind, Clouds, Present and past weather, Pressures, Temperatures, humidity, vapour pressure), Daily elements (Gust, extremes humidity and temperatures, rainfall amounts and durations, sunshine durations, extremes temperatures on the ground, evaporations, extremes pressures, minimum visibility, 16 occurrences of weather : fog, hail, haze, sandstorm, sand hunting, dew, thunderstorm, lightning). Agrometeorological message (received by radio) from 14 synoptic stations (precipitation, temperatures, evaporation, insolation) to quick edit agrometeorological bulletin. Rainfall stations (daily precipitation) 1 external hard disks (1To) is used for database backup. Synoptic stations data exist on the period Key entry is not regular. Rainfall data imported from PLUVIOM exist on the period (7616 years) Precipitation data for 212 rainfall stations 6602 years on period % of data are available, periods between 1 and 93 years Period >= 20 years 140 stations Period >= 30 years 76 Period >= 50 years 47 Period >= 60 years 33 Period >= 70 years 16 Period >= 80 years 12 Period >= 90 years 4 Period stations are operational Period Period Period long series (period >= 30 years) 26 until 2014, 22 until 2010, 3 until 2009, 11 until 2002, 14 until Precipitation data for synoptic stations 1014 years on period % of data are available, periods between 39 and 97 years Period >= 50 years 10 stations Period >= 70 years 9 Period >= 80 years 8 Period >= 90 years 4 Page 16 of 44

17 Precipitation data for synoptic stations STATION NAME PERIOD NB MONTHS NB YEARS POURCENT ABIDJAN-AERO ADIAKE BONDOUKOU BOUAKE-AERO DALOA-AERO DIMBOKRO GAGNOA KORHOGO-AERO MAN-AERO ODIENNE-AERO SAN-PEDRO--AERO SASSANDRA TABOU-AERO YAMOUSSOUKRO-A Page 17 of 44

18 LOGAM Data inventory Synoptic Data Daily Data STATION NAME PERIODES NB VALUES NB YEARS Pourcent PERIODES NB VALUES NB YEARS Pourcent ABIDJAN-AERO % % ADIAKE % % BOUDOUKOU % % BOUAKE-AERO % % DALOA-AERO % % DIMBOKRO % % GAGNOA % % KORHOGO-AERO % % MAN-AERO % % ODIENNE AERO % % SAN PEDRO - AERO % % SASSANDRA % % TABOU AERO % % YAMOUSSOUKRO-A % % We note difference on the periods between synoptic and daily data. Page 18 of 44

19 CLIDATA is configured with: Station information for 223 stations Elements definition, 149 elements (minutes, hourly, daily) Key entry form (16) Scripts for Quality control are not completed, administrator need training. Suggestion was done to contact experimented neighbouring countries on this matter where CLIDATA is used since Daily and synoptic data from LOGAM were imported into CLIDATA database. A sample of Automatic Weather Stations is imported (52 elements, 5 seconds data). Key entry data on CLIDATA is not operational. Key entry data is done for parameters and stations needed for studies by each one use these data. CLIDATA administrator main task is meteorological studies in the Studies, development and environment department. 1 external hard disks (1To) is used for database backup. Archiving of manuscripts: The paper archives are stored in the first building, in one room (7mx5m) in cabinets. There are 24 cabinets. Documents are not stored in archive boxes, they are placed in cabinets. Some documents are placed on the ground, above the cabinets. Documents are attached with string by year and station. Storage is not perfect. There is no space to properly do this task. The Directorate is considering building a big room (10mx10m) to organize the archives close to DMN buildings. Shelves and archive boxes are needed. Local software (GESARCHIVE) since 2012 is used to inventory archives, 7 types of documents and 5 types of charts produced by stations. Inventory is not completed, some documents are lost. Daily precipitations exist in the database but archive documents are not recorded. Copy of DARE I project microfiches don t exist. A pictures data bank (5212 jpeg images of documents) exists but is not organized. Files need to be renamed with type of document, name of the station and date of the document. Images were produced from a digital camera on 2006 and from a scanner on The pictures data bank is saved on external hard disk (5212 images). Archive room Cabinets Archive room length Page 19 of 44

20 Documents in cabinet Documents attached with string Documents in cabinet Archive cabinet Archive cabinet Scattered papers Documents above cabinets Documents above cabinets Documents on the ground Page 20 of 44

21 A meeting was held at the end of the mission. A presentation on assessment of climatology activities, organisation of the service and state of climate data rescue (archives, data bank). Discussions were occurred. Recommendations were: The climatological activities must be done in a unique structure (archiving, data control, data key entry, database administration) The main database must be CLIDATA Key entry data must be operational and done on CLIDATA system Manual control of data is obsolete, go to an automatic control with CLIDATA. Using CLIDATA by all internal users. Find more space to archive documents and restrict access. A presentation was done on archive data available in international databases (NOAA, Meteo-France), inventories and formats. Meteo-France data in CLICOM format reply to actual and quick needs. A presentation was done on amount of data to be keyed after importation of external data and organisation of this activity and its implementation. A CD ROM with presentations, data files and inventories was given to Mr KONATE, director of the MET service. Page 21 of 44

22 1- Inventory of climate data that need to be rescued and digitized Inventory of documents Observation books (C OBS) and Monthly summaries (TCM) archived Number on cell ( 7 ) = number of Observation book in the month or TCM if it is < 12 Documents archived for 14 synoptic stations: 9027 (Cobs) Observation books (TCM) Monthly climatological summaries duration of sunshine bands 4056 hygrometer charts 2704 barometer charts 2935 rainfall charts 3952 thermometer charts Documents archived for 186 rainfall stations monthly rainfall tables Page 22 of 44

23 Availability of documents and digitized data Tcm Cobs Base Histo paper document paper document existing data in the database meteo-france data Page 23 of 44

24 Data to key entry Total of 489 years 4 stations BOUAKE, KORHOGO, MAN and ODIENNE stop observation on 2002 To have continuous series of 71 years of data on the period for the remaining 10 synoptic stations key entry of 298 years of data is necessary. ABIDJAN 19 ADIAKE 21 BOUDOUKOU 49 DALOA 42 DIMBOKRO 23 GAGNOA 26 SAN PEDRO 32 SASSANDRA 29 TABOU 29 YAMOUSSOUKRO 28 This is an important action to have long series for studies and for climate change applications. Page 24 of 44