A 2016 CEOS Chair Initiative. Non-meteorological Applications for Next Generation Geostationary Satellites

Transcription

1 A 2016 CEOS Chair Initiative Committee on Earth Observation Satellites Non-meteorological Applications for Next Generation Geostationary Satellites Co-chaired by EUMETSAT (Holmlund), CSIRO (Schroeder), ABoM (Grant), NOAA (Kalluri) Supported by 14 other CEOS Agencies: CNES, CSA, DLR, EC, ESA, GA, JAXA, JMA, KARI, NASA, NSMC-CMA, UKSA, USGS, WMO

2 What are non-meteorological applications As a specialized agency of the United Nations, WMO is dedicated to international cooperation and coordination on the state and behaviour of the Earth s atmosphere, its interaction with the land and oceans, the weather and climate it produces, and the resulting distribution of water resources. So everything is meteorological!-) However: For the purpose of this study all products except Clouds, AMVs, T/H, Instability, Precip, Radiation and tropopause folding are 2 considered non-meteorological

3 Study Background and Objectives The next generation of advanced geostationary (GEO) meteorological imager capabilities provide improved capabilities for exploiting the data for non meteorological applications Observational capabilities of GEO sensors similar to mediumresolution LEO sensors; but provide additional temporal refresh New opportunities for GEO and LEO synergies for non-met applications Whilst dedicated GEO missions for e.g. for air quality (see CEOS ACC position paper), Ocean Colour (e.g. Korean GOCI) or high-resolution land imaging (e.g. Chinese GF-4) or soundng (e.g. Indian Insat-3D/DR sounder), these are mentioned but not explored in detail in this study Future geostationary instrumentation will also include hyperspectral and other capabilities whilst noted they are not the focus of the current study 3

4 Next Generation GEO Constellation of Operational Imagers GOES-R Series West 137 o W Himawari o E GEO-KOMPSAT-2A o E FY o E FY o E GOES-R Series East 75 o W MTG 0 o 4

5 Oct (Credits: T. Kurino, JMA)

6 Non-met Applications from Meteorological GEO Satellites Land Atmosphere Hot spots (wild fire) LST Snow Flood/Standing Water Vegetation/Drought/ Evapotranspiration Albedo Incident Solar Radiation Ocean SST Ice Ocean Color Aerosol optical depth, type Dust Volcanic ash Atmospheric Composition 6

7 Planned Atmospheric NMA products Product Parameter ABI AHI AMI AGRI FCI SEVIRI Aerosol Detection B B B B B B AOD B B B B B Angstrom B F Coefficient Particle Size F F B Type B Dust Detection B B B B B Optical Depth B Volcanic Ash Detection B B B B B Height B B F Concentratio n B F Atmospheric Total Ozone F B B B Composition SO2 detection F F F

8 Aerosols and Smoke AOT at 500 nm (left) using Himawari-8 data over ocean Smoke detection with AHI (right) SIT TWS 16, Sept 2016 SIT

9 Planned Ocean NMA products Product Parameter ABI AHI AMI GRI FCI SEVIR I SST Skin Temperature B B B B B B Ice (and lake ice) Cover F B Concentration Motion Age Skin Temperature F F F F Current F F Ocean Colour Water leaving radiance B Turbidity/TSS F F Chlorophyll-a B Blue-green algae B

10 Chlorophyll Concentration From AHI Averaged chlorophyll-a retrieved from Himawari-8 observations 01:00-01:50 UTC on 20 July 2015 for the wider Asia-Pacific region (left) and inter-comparison of Himawari-8 retrievals with MODIS daily Level 3 (right) (From Murakami, 2016).

11 Planned Land NMA products Product Parameter ABI AHI AMI GRI FCI SEVIRI Fire/(Hot Spot) Detection B B B B B B Fire Radiative F B B Power Land Surface Temperature B B Temperature Snow Cover B F B Depth (over plains) F F Flood/Standing Detection F water Vegetation Green Fraction F F Index F F F Drought (evapotranspiration) Detection B Vegetation Health F Index Albedo Reflectance B Incident Solar Downward B F F B B Radiation Shortwave Radiation

12 Fire Radiative Power LSA SAF SEVIRI FRP-PIXEL Product captures peaks better than MODIS (Baldassarre et al., 2015). SIT TWS 16, Sept 2016 SIT

13 Drought Monitoring Drought monitoring in China using FY-2. FY-2D Percentage of evapotranspiration anomaly in North of China and Huanghuai Region Jun.7-Jun.16,2015 (left) and Jun.15-Jun.24,2015 (right).. SIT TWS 16, Sept 2016

14 Drought Monitoring Flood mapping over China using SNPP/VIIRS three-day composite(7-9 July 2016, left) and Himawari 8 one-day composite (7 July 2016, right). (Goldberg, 2016). SIT TWS 16, Sept 2016

15 Synergistic use of LEO systems comparison of capabilities Spatial Resolution Geo imagers have roughly twice the foot print than medium resolution LEO instruments Temporal Resolution Full disk every 10 min vs 2-4 times daily Significant for rapidly developing or changing situations Spectral elements GEO approachinga medium resolution LEO Calibration accuracy: -IR comparable -VIS as well with some limitations View/Illumination LEO has variable view angles and depending on mission illumination conditions GEO has fixe viewing geometry and variable illumination conditions 15

16 Summary Next generation operational GEO satellite imagers will have observational capabilities that are similar to current moderate resolution polar orbiting imagers, but with faster temporal refresh This offers new opportunities to exploit the GEO data for non meteorological applications over oceans, land and atmospheres This CEOS study is an initial step to realizing this goal by: Documenting the capabilities of these imagers Exploring potential non meteorological applications Identifying future activities such as synergy of GEO and LEO sensors, inter calibration, common baseline products, data standards, tools etc. The documented opportunities will be considered by CEOS and CGMS Agencies for future activities

17 Next Steps... Increasing the awareness of next generation GEO data for non-met applications Cross-calibrations among sensors of the GEO ring Produce data in formats that can be readily used by nonmet user community, for example GEO-TIFF Demonstrate, encourage the use of GEO along with LEO Create common baseline radiometric products such as ocean color radiometry for oceans, surface reflectance for land that can be used for higher level products (e.g. albedo derived from surface reflectance, LST derived from brightness temperatures) Develop common tools for ingest, reproject, subset etc. so that the GEO data are compatible with business software of regional users

18 CGMS Follow-up CGMS Working Group 2 on Satellite Data and Products has assessed the Report Aerosol and Fire are primary candidates for collaboration Drought and Flooding are potential candidates Collaboration options: Workshops Algorithm intercomparison Product cross-validation New SCOPE-project Synergetic use of GEO and LEO to be considered Way forward to be agreed at upcoming CGMS-meeting in Korea, June 2017

19 Coordinating Initiatives Agency and bilateral mechanisms CEOS Virtual Constellations CGMS and it s International Science Working Groups EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facilities Eight SAFs for different application areas Two providing software/tools and monitoring Six providing products in NRT and offline NOAA Cooperative Institutes Various Agency initiatives and Bilateral cooperation examples Japan - Australia NOAA EUMETSAT GSICS, CEOS WGCV

20 Questions?