Chapter 12 Microwave Amplifier Design
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1 Chpter Microwve mplifier Dein. Two-port power in power in G, GT, G. tility input n output tility circle, tility criterion.3 inle-te trnitor mplifier ein conjute mtch, contnt in circle, noie prmeter, contnt noie fiure circle, N (low noie mplifier.4 Bron trnitor mplifier ein lnce mplifier, itriute mplifier, ifferentil mplifier.5 Power mplifier nonliner opertion -
2 . Two-port power in V Z + V - trnitor [ ] (Z o + V - Z in out in, Pin, Zin out, P, Z P power in G (, P in Pvn ville power in G (, P P trnucer power in GT (,, P P (, P ( P, P (, P ( P in in v in vn out v v * * in out -
3 Dicuion. Z in V V V V V ( Γ in, Z Zin Z in Z o Z Z o Γ in,γ Z in Z o Z Z o V Z in V Γ V Γin Z Zin ΓΓin P V V Γ in P in in in Zo Zo in ( Γ ( Γ ( Γ 8 ΓΓ V. V V V, V V, V V P V ( ( ( in V V Pout Zo 8Zo in ( ( ( -3 in
4 3. P v P in in * V 8Z o V ( Pvn P, in o * out 8Z * out out in P vn V 8Zo ( out 4. P G (, P G P (, P ( in ( in ( vn v ( out P ( ( T (,, (, if 0 Pv in G -4
5 5. Zo input mtchin circuit G trnitor [ ] G o output mtchin circuit G Zo in out T o G G G G in * * in, out GT mx 0, unilterl trnucer in TU G * *, TU mx -5 G election of trnitor
6 6. Ex.. i BJT@GHz , 0. 54, 3.580, Z=5, Z=40, Zo=50 Z Zo Z Zo 0.333, 0. Z Z Z Z o o in out G 3., G 9.8, G.6 P P Pvn P G G, G G P P P P T T T v in v v -6
7 7. conjute mtch uin FET equivlent circuit ( =0, or C =0 V Ri jx + V - Ri C mv R C jb R in out Z Z X, Z Z wc B V G * * in out wc TU V R jwc i ( V R P P w R C R f C m mr R ft m ( : 6 B / octve, f T v ( V / 4 i 4 i Ri -7
8 . tility (, f unconitionl tle conitionl tle Z Z,Z,Z in in,, out out Dicuion. 0, Γin, Γout,. in output tility circle C R C (, * * R input tility circle C R out C (, * * R (erivtion in p.565-8
9 3. conitionl tle < > -plne in = -plne C R output tility circle =0 in < < out = > -plne input -plne tility circle C 0 R out < -9
10 4. unconitionl tle, tility fctor K C R R C < < C R > C R > C R C R unconitionl tle,, C R, C R, K, et[ ] :Rollet' conition (erivtion in p.568 n 569 K, election of trnitor -0
11 5. In prctice, one houl conier tility over wie nwith for the poile ocilltion. 6. Ex.. Triquint Zo=50Ω , , 4.56, , K input tility circle C.096, R 0.05 output tility circle C.593, R 0.95 (p.570, Fi..6 -
12 .3 inle-te trnitor mplifier ein conjute mtch (mximum trnucer power in if, K input n output imultneouly conjute mtch, Tmx G G ( K K T * * in out B B 4 C * in C * out - B, B C, C * * (erivtion in p. 57 n 57 B B 4 C C
13 Dicuion. liner mplifier ein proceure if <, K> then ue input n output imultneouly conjute mtche for GTmx if K< then rw input n output tility circle to ee if input n output imultneouly conjute mtche poile, otherwie elect proper n for in or noie fiure coniertion.. * * 0, G TU mx 3. Ex..3 4GHz G 0.7 6, ,.676, mx G mx 0.488, K , G T mx B -3
14 G * * * *. y=-j3.5. y=j GT R * * frequency repone (p.575, Fi..7-4 f
15 contnt in circle (=0, unilterl umption, 0 in GT in G, G, G, G mx mx G contnt in circle in -plne C R C C G mx G contnt in circle in -plne G mx * (, R ( ( * (, R ( ( (erivtion in p. 576 n C R
16 Dicuion. G=0B n G = 0B circle p throuh the mith chrt center. mx mx G ( 0 B, G mx, G ( 0 B, G mx G, G G mx G G G mx contnt in circle C R, C R C C ( -6,G * * mx Gmx * * * ( ( (, R 4 4 ( * * * ( ( (, R 4 4 ( ( C R, C R 0 G =0B G = 0B,
17 . Center of contnt in circle re itriute lon the line from * n * to the mith chrt center, repectively. * *,G, G * * C, C ( (, C, C * *,, G G C C * *,,,,,,,, mx mx G =0B G = 0B Re( C, Re( C, Re( C, Re( C, tn tn, tn tn Im( C Im( C Im( C Im( C. ( U U ( G G T TU ( U ( unilteril fiure of -7 merit
18 3. Ex..4 ein n mplifier with 4GHz , 0,.580, G TU mx B chooe G 8 B TU,G, G , * * * mx mx G =B G =B * , * * * * frequency repone (p.579, Fi..8 GT -R f -8
19 contnt noie fiure circle for two-port mplifier R F F Y Y F N N opt min opt min G Zo ( opt min opt min opt 4 RN / Z o 4R noie prmeter: F, Y, R equivlent noie reitnce of trnitor N F opt F contnt noie fiure circle N( N opt opt CF, RF N N (erivtion in p. 580 n 58 N C F R F -9
20 U F B C G Dicuion. Ex..5 ein N with F=B n mx. 4GHz.7B C F ( U * min ,.6B, F G G , R T TU G 0.600, ( U , R 0.056, opt R N F.3, 0.5B G B G.98, T TU G TU B B F=B G=.7B * * * *
21 . pproch for inle-te liner mplifier ein Given trnitor -prmeter otherwie Clculte K n Δ uin eq. (.8 n (.9 K>, úδú Plot tility circle plot input tility circle in Γ -plne plot output tility circle in Γ -plne Perform conjute mtch ein uin eq. (.40 to clculte Γ uin eq. (.40 to clculte Γ Dein input n output mtchin circuit y properly electin Γ n Γ e on contnt in circle coniertion Dein input n output mtchin circuit No Verify the tility over wie nwith Ye Dein DC iin circuit n verify the tility in No No Perform circuit lyout Verify relizility Ye Circuit implementtion - No
22 3. Two pproche for multi-te mplifier ein ( Zo Zo Zo Zo ( Zo Zout Zin Zo -
23 .4 Bron trnitor mplifier ein Blnce mplifier B B B B B B j( B ú j( ( ú B B -3
24 Dicuion. Derivtion of -prmeter j j ú ú ú ú j ú jú ú ú ú ú ú ú ú ú j B j B 0 0 ú ú 0 0 ú ú ú ú ú ú 0 ú ú j j 0 0 ú 0 0 ú ú ú j 0 0 ú ú j ú 0 0, B, B, B B, ú ú 0 ú ú,, B, B ú, B ú ú ú ú, B ú j 0 0 ú ú B ú ú B ú ú j 0 0 ú ú o 90 hyri, -4 B B B B
25 -5 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( j j j j j j j j j j j j B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B
26 . mplifier =mplifier B, oo i/p n o/p mtch oo tility 0 j j 0 ú 3. hih relility n le tunin work 4. I/p n o/p mtchin re improve y two 90 hyri, n mimtch reflection re ore y two reitor. 5. If one trnitor fil, in rop 6B. rceful ertion 6. ivnte: lrer ize n lower efficiency 7. Bnwith i limite y two hyri. -6
27 8. Power mplifier ppliction /4W W /W /4W W 6B /4W W W 6B 9. Blnce mplifier cn e implemente in tree tructure with very hih power in rr n communiction ppliction. 0. Ex.7, two mplifier of ex..4 re implemente lnce mplifier to improve it i/p n o/p return lo t 4 GHz. Then, the tu lenth re optimize to ive etter mtchin n in fltne from 3 to 5 GHz nwith. frequency repone (p.588, Fi.. -7
28 Ditriute (trvelin wve mplifier TEM line extreme wie opertion nwith cut off frequency f c C FET equivlent circuit rin line te line -8
29 l m Vc Io l Dicuion. unit cell of te line C + Vi - G=/Ril + Vc - jb=jwc/l Z -9 mll lo C C / l jwc / l jw ( jwc jwr C wr C i w R Z C C ( j i jw C l l i
30 (erivtion of jwc / l Z jw, Y jwc jwr C Z Z mll lo Y wric C C / l jwc l jwc jwr C ( [ ] wr / ic ( i ZY jw jwc jw jwc jwric l C ( jw R C 3 i ( jw ( C l l i C G=/Ril jb=jwc/l ( ( jw 3 C ( jw RiC / l ( C l jw ( C C / l C R C C w R C Z jw C jw C j w i i ( ( l C l l l C l -30
31 . unit cell of rin line C G = jb = /Rl jwc/l 3. o/p current I Z mll lo C C / l C jw [ jw( C ] R l l Z C jw ( C R l l j I I e, I V, V V e ( N ( N n ( l n l o n n m cn cn i n jwric N Nl N l mvi N l n( l l l mvi e e o l l n e e I e e e -3
32 C Z jw, Y jw( C R l l Z (erivtion of Z mll lo Y Rl C C / l C C jw ZY jw jw C jw C [ ( ] ( ( Rl l l Rl C G = jb = /Rl jwc/l I ( C jw ( C l jw ( C C l ( jw ( C C / l jw R l C jw ( C R l ( C C / l l R l C C / l C Z jw ( C j l R l -3
33 (erivtion of 3 I I e, I V, V V e ( N ( N n ( l n l o n n m cn cn i n jwric N V r( r Io V e e e e r r N N m ( N n l n( l l l m i Nl n cn, n n ( N ( l l ( l l V m i Nl l e e e e ( e N l N l l e e l ( N ( l l ( l l V m i ( N l l e e e e l e e Ve m i e l l l l e e l -33
34 4. For mtche i/p n o/p port o Io ZZ mz out Z in V 4 i Vi P e e G P l e e Z N ( l j l N ( l j l m ( l j l ( l j l 4 I Z Z Z e e e e uner ynchroniztion conition l l ( -34 N l N l Nl Nl mzz ( e e G l, N G 0 l 4 ( e e G ln( l / l 0 Nopt N l l i For lole mplifier (R =0, R mzz N mzon G (, G N 4 l n if Z Z Z o
35 5. Ex..8 Z= Z = Zo=50, Ri=5, R=50, C=0.3pF, m=30m l l N opt w R C Z Zo R i o 0.@6GHz 0.4@6GHz 9.4, frequency repone (p.593, Fi..6 G (B N=8 N=4 N= N=6 6 GHz -35 f
36 Differentil mplifier j ú 0 0 ú 0 ú ú j ú ú ú 0 0 ú 0ú j ú ú ú ú 0 0 ú 0 ú lun 3 4 V i RDR mrdr V V V R R ( jr C ( R R o m i D i D Vi jr C Vo ( Vo = mrdr V ( V ( jr C ( R R i i i D output win n f T oule -36
37 .5 Power mplifier nonliner opertion(input power, f, DC, T, Z FET nonliner equivlent circuit (lre-inl -prmeter G D Dicuion. power mplifier chrcteritic: efficiency, in, intermoultion prouct, therml conuction power e efficiency PE P P P out DC in -37
38 . DC i coniertion I hih in N V = 0V hih power V = - V cl V = Vp hih efficiency 3. ein coniertion: lre-inl ource impence Γ (ource-pull contour n lo impence Γ (lo-pull contour V Zo Input mtchin circuit G [ ] Go Output mtchin circuit G Zo in out -38
39 4. Ex..9 trnitor h mll-inl -prmeter t.3ghz , ,.77 06, For cl opertion t V 8 V n I 0.6, P 0 W, G 6.4 B, Z 0 j3, Z.5 j.3,ein the input n output mtchin P circuit. P D D o From mll-inl -prmeter, 0.579, K.08 unconitionl tle From Z n Z , P P P P From mll-inl -prmeter for G , For P 0 W, P P G 3.6Bm 9mW η PE out in out Pout Pin % VI 80.6 T mx D exmple: Ch_prj -39
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