1. Which two values of temperature are equivalent to the nearest degree when measured on the Kelvin and on the

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Reynard Sparks
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1 . Whih two values of teperature are equivalent to the nearest degree when easured on the Kelvin and on the Celsius sales of teperature? Kelvin sale Celsius sale A B C D A solid is at an initial teperature of 500 K. The solid is heated so that its teperature rises by 50 K. What are the initial teperature and the teperature rise of the solid, as easured on the Celsius sale of teperature? initial teperature A. 227 C 50 C B. 227 C 323 C C. 773 C 50 C D. 773 C 323 C teperature rise 3. The kelvin teperature of an objet is a easure of A. the total energy of the oleules of the objet. B. the total kineti energy of the oleules of the objet. C. the axiu energy of the oleules of the objet. D. the average kineti energy of the oleules of the objet. 4. The distane between the 0 C and 00 C arks on a erury-in-glass theroeter is 20. When the theroeter bulb is plaed in a ixture of ie and salt, the erury level is 4 below the 0 C ark. The teperature of the ixture is A. +20 C. C. 5 C. B. +5 C. D. 20 C. 5. A lup of etal is initially at a teperature of 00 C. The etal is heated so that its teperature rises by degrees, as easured on the Celsius sale. The rise in teperature, as easured on the Kelvin sale is A B.. C D Whih of the following is the internal energy of a syste? A. The total theral energy gained by the syste during elting and boiling. B. The su of the potential and the kineti energies of the partiles of the syste. C. The total external work done on the syste during elting and boiling. D. The hange in the potential energy of the syste that ours during elting and boiling. 7. The internal energy of a solid substane is equal to the A. average kineti energy of the oleules. B. total kineti energy of the oleules. C. total potential energy of the oleules. D. total potential and total kineti energy of the oleules. A / 2

2 8. During an experient, a solid is heated fro 285 K to 298 K. Whih one of the following gives the rise in teperature, in deg C, and the final teperature, in C, of the solid? Rise in teperature in deg C Final teperature in C A B C D The Kelvin teperature is a easure of the A. average speed of the oleules. C. average kineti energy of the oleules. B. average oentu of the oleules. D. average potential energy of the oleules. 0. Teperature is the only property that deterines A. the total internal energy of a substane. B. the phase (state) of a substane. C. the diretion of heat transfer between two bodies in theral ontat. D. the proess by whih a body loses theral energy to the surroundings.. The olar ass of water is 8 g. The approxiate nuber of water oleules in a glass of water is A B C D The atoi nuber of lithiu is 3 and the atoi ass of a ertain isotope of lithiu is 7. Whih one of the following is the ass of ol of the lithiu isotope desribed? A. 0 g B. 7 g C. 4 g D. 3 g 3. The speifi latent heat of vaporization of a substane is the quantity of energy required to A. raise the teperature of a unit ass of a substane by one degree Celsius. B. onvert a unit ass of liquid to vapour at onstant teperature and pressure. C. onvert a unit ass of solid to vapour at onstant teperature and pressure. D. onvert a unit ass of liquid to vapour at a teperature of 00 C and a pressure of one atosphere. 4. Soe liquid is ontained in a shallow dish that is open to the atosphere. The rate of evaporation of the liquid does not depend on A. the teperature of the liquid. B. the teperature of the atosphere. C. the depth of the liquid. D. the pressure of the atosphere. A 2 / 2

3 5. As part of an experient to deterine the latent heat of vaporisation of water, a student boils soe water in a beaker using an eletri heater as shown below. beaker heater water The student notes two soures of error. Error : theral energy is lost fro the sides of the beaker Error 2: as the water is boiling, water splashes out of the beaker Whih of the following gives the orret effet of these two errors on the alulated value for the speifi latent heat? Error Error 2 A. Inrease Derease B. Inrease No hange C. Derease Inrease D. Derease No hange 6. A substane is heated at a onstant rate. The sketh graph shows the variation with tie t of the teperature of the substane. Z X Y W = 0 t In whih region or regions of the graph ust there be ore than one phase of the substane present? A. WX and YZ B. WX only C. WX, XY and YZ D. XY only A 3 / 2

4 7. The internal energy of a solid substane is equal to the A. average kineti energy of the oleules. B. total kineti energy of the oleules. C. total potential energy of the oleules. D. total potential and total kineti energy of the oleules. 8. The speifi heat apaity of a solid blok of ass is deterined by heating the blok and easuring its teperature. The graph below shows the variation of the teperature T of the blok with the theral energy transferred to the blok. The gradient of the line is equal to A.. B.. C.. D.. T 0 9. Whih of the following orretly shows the hanges, if any, in the potential energy and in the kineti energy of the oleules of a solid as it elts? otential energy Kineti energy A. Dereases Inreases B. Inreases Stays the sae C. Stays the sae Dereases D. Stays the sae Stays the sae 20. A large ass M of ie of speifi latent heat L is at its elting point (0 C). A sall ass of water at C is poured on to the blok of ie. The speifi heat apaity of water is S. Whih one of the following is a orret expression for the ass of ie elted? L Sθ MSθ MS A. B. C. D. Sθ L L Sθ 2. A opper blok and a steel blok eah have the sae ass. The opper blok is at a higher teperature than the steel blok. The bloks are plaed in theral ontat and they then reah theral equlibriu. There is no energy exhange with the surroundings. How do the agnitude of the hange in teperature T and the agnitude of the hange in internal energy U of the two bloks opare? T U A. sae sae B. sae different C. different sae D. different different A 4 / 2

5 22. Two bodies are brought into theral ontat with eah other. No theral energy transfer takes plae between the bodies. It ay be dedued therefore, that the bodies ust have the sae A. speifi heat apaity. B. heat apaity. C. teperature. D. internal energy. 23. A etal blok of ass M is heated. The graph shows the variation with theral energy H supplied to the blok of its teperature rise. The gradient of the straight-line graph is n. The speifi heat apaity of the etal is A.. B.. Mn n C. Mn. D. n. 0 0 n H 24. Two objets X and Y are ade of the sae aterial. Objet X is ore assive than objet Y. Both objets are at the sae teperature. Whih of the following orretly opares the average kineti energy and also the total energy of the oleules in the objets? average kineti energy of the oleules in X and Y total energy of the oleules in X and Y A. sae greater in X than in Y B. sae less in X than in Y C. greater in X than in Y sae D. less in X than in Y sae 25. Whih one of the following orretly desribes the hanges, if any, of the kineti energy and the potential energy of the oleules of a liquid as it is boiling? Kineti energy otential energy A. inreases inreases B. inreases stays onstant C. stays onstant inreases D. stays onstant stays onstant 26. A solid piee of tungsten elts into liquid without a hange in teperature. Whih of the following is orret for the oleules in the liquid phase opared with the oleules in the solid phase? Kineti energy otential energy A. sae greater B. sae sae C. greater greater D. greater sae A 5 / 2

6 27. Tanya heats 00 g of a liquid with an eletri heater whih has a onstant power output of 60 W. After 00 s the rise in teperature is 40 K. The speifi heat apaity of the liquid in J kg K is alulated fro whih of the following? A. B. C. D The internal energy of a solid substane is equal to the A. average kineti energy of the oleules. B. total kineti energy of the oleules. C. total potential energy of the oleules. D. total potential and total kineti energy of the oleules. 29. A heater of onstant power heats a liquid of ass and speifi heat apaity. The graph below shows how the teperature of the liquid varies with tie. The gradient of the graph is k and no energy is lost to the surroundings. What is the power of the heater? A. k C. k k B. D. k 30. The speifi heat apaity of a solid blok of ass is deterined by heating the blok and easuring its teperature. The graph below shows the variation of the teperature T of the blok with the theral energy transferred to the blok. The gradient of the line is equal to A.. B.. C.. D.. A 6 / 2

7 3. The energy of the oleules of an ideal gas is A. theral only. B. theral and potential. C. potential and kineti. D. kineti only. 32. The volue of an ideal gas in a ontainer is inreased at onstant teperature. Whih of the following stateents is/are orret about the oleules of the gas? I. Their speed reains onstant. II. The frequeny of ollisions of oleules with unit area of the ontainer wall dereases. III. The fore between the dereases. A. I only B. I and II only C. I and III only D. II and III only 33. Two objets are in theral ontat with eah other. Whih of the following will deterine the diretion of the transfer of theral energy between the bodies? A. The ass of eah body B. The area of ontat between the bodies C. The speifi heat apaity of eah body D. The teperature of eah body 34. Objet has a ass and speifi heat apaity. Objet has a ass and speifi heat apaity. The teperature of eah objet inreases by the sae aount. Whih of the following gives the ratio theralenergy transferredtoobjet theralenergy transferredtoobjet A. B. C. D.? 35. For two objets to be in theral equilibriu they ust A. be in ontat with eah other. B. radiate equal aounts of power. C. have the sae theral apaity. D. be at the sae teperature. 36. A gas is ontained in a ylinder fitted with a piston as shown below. When the gas is opressed rapidly by the piston its teperature rises beause the oleules of the gas A. are squeezed loser together. B. ollide with eah other ore frequently. C. ollide with the walls of the ontainer ore frequently. D. gain energy fro the oving piston. A 7 / 2

8 37. Theral energy is added at a onstant rate to a substane whih is solid at tie t = 0. The graph shows the variation with t of the teperature T. Whih of the stateents are orret? I. The speifi latent heat of fusion is greater than the speifi latent heat of vaporization. II. The speifi heat apaity of the solid is less than the speifi heat apaity of the liquid. A. I only B. I and II C. II only D. Neither I nor II 38. This question is about heating a liquid. (a) Suggest why, in ters of the oleular odel, the energy assoiated with elting is less than that assoiated with boiling. (b)... Milk in a up is heated to boiling point by passing stea through it. Whilst ooling subsequently, soe ilk evaporates. (i) Distinguish between evaporation and boiling. (2) (ii) (iii) The up ontains 0.30 kg of ilk at an initial teperature of 8 C. Estiate the iniu ass of stea at 00 C that is required to heat the ilk to 80 C. Speifi latent heat of vaporization of water = J kg Speifi heat apaity of water = 4200 J kg K Speifi heat apaity of ilk = 3800 J kg K State two reasons, other than evaporation, why the answer to (b)(ii) is likely to be different fro the atual ass of ondensed stea. :... (2) (4) 2:... A 8 / 2 (2)

Chapter 3. Problem Solutions

Chapter 3. Problem Solutions Capter. Proble Solutions. A poton and a partile ave te sae wavelengt. Can anyting be said about ow teir linear oenta opare? About ow te poton's energy opares wit te partile's total energy? About ow te