Combined Gas Law (1) Answer Key

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1 CHAER 4 Cobined Gas Law (1) Answer Key BL 4.1.1A ka 4. L K K10.0 ka.8l. he balloons will decrease in volue L80% 4.8L 7.8 º C (body teperature) K ka 4.8 L 9.15 K K10.0 ka 4.7 L. (a) ka500 L17K 7K 60 L.910 ka (b) ka 60 L K 17K100 ka L Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

2 CHAER 4 Cobined Gas Law (1) Answer Key (continued) BL 4.1.1A K1700 ka 0 L 100ka0L 418 K or º C ka5.5 L0.15 K 7.15 K5.5 L ka Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

3 DAE: NAE: CLASS: CHAER 4 Cobined Gas Law () Answer Key BL 4.1.A K 11ka176. L ka175.0 L 57.71K 00 º C ka 60 L 8.15 K 4.15 K5400 L 1.ka K1100 ka 00 L 50 ka 00 L K º C Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

4 CHAER 4 olar olues and the Law of Cobinin olues Answer Key BL 4.1.6A 1. (a) 5ol O 16ol CO CO.6L 4.0L O CO 5ol O 4.0L 18ol H O HO.9L HO. (b) F CO CO L kl0%.5510 kl ol F F 1ol Xe 85L 5ol O 16ol CO O kl O.5510 kl. At SA, all ases have a olar volue of 4.8 L/ol. NO v n n v.7 L n L 4.8 ol n 0.15 ol 4. he olar volue of ases at S is.4 L/ol and the olar volue of ases at SA is 4.8 L/ol. v n n v 15L nno 18L n L O.4 L 4.8 ol ol n 0.67 ol n 0.7ol O here are ore oles of O than of NO. his is a cobined effect of the reater volue of oxyen present and the fact that ases at SA have a reater olar volue than those at S. Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

5 CHAER 4 olar olues and the Law of Cobinin olues Answer Key (continued) BL 4.1.6A 5. Cl Cl 5.45 ol ol n.7 n ol n 5.10 ol v n 10.8L v v 5.10 ol L.110 ol 6. Gas olecules are considered to be point asses that are neither attracted nor repelled by one another. When considerin a one litre volue, a as olecule takes up neliible space, so any difference in size between olecules is not sinificant. Since as olecules do not exert attractive or repulsive forces on one another, the cheical nature of the olecules present in a as does not affect the nuber of olecules that can fit in a iven volue. Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

6 CHAER 4 Ideal Gas Law Answer Key BL 4..1A 1. nr nr ka L 4.5 ol K 414 ka ol K 5.0L. NO NO ol ol 0.01 ol n 0.0 n 0.01 ol n 1.00 ol nr nr ka L ol K ka.6 at101.5 at 7.5 L 1.00 ol K. NH NH ol ol ol n 45. n ol n.66 ol nr nr 150 ka 64. L ka L.66ol8.14 ol K 45K Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

7 CHAER 4 Ideal Gas Law Answer Key (continued) BL 4..1A 4. nr n R 150ka4.8L n ka L K ol K n 0.64 ol SO SO ol ol ol n n 0.64ol80.07 ol 1 5. nr 6. n R nr 100 ka 70.0 L n nr ka L K ol kak 15 L n.8 ka L 0.61ol8.14 ol K 7. nr nr.010 K or 7 º C ol K L ka L ol K 10 ka Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

8 CHAER 4 he Ideal Gas Law and Gas Density robles Answer Key BL 4..A 1. Initial nr n R ka 0.50 L n ka L K ol K n 0.01ol Final nr nr ka L ol K 11.0 ka 0.01ol K 0.46L D 0.0 D 0.46L D 4 L. nr Substitute in n R Rearrane R to solve for. R R R D R Substitute D into in place of. R D ka L K ol K 1.61 L 110ka 7 ol Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

9 CHAER 4 he Ideal Gas Law and Gas Density robles Answer Key (continued) BL 4..A. nr Substitute in n. R R Rearrane to solve for. R 1 R R R D D R ka0.18 ol D ka L K ol K D L R Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

10 CHAER 4 Dalton s Law of artial ressures Answer Key BL 4..6A 1. N N ka ka O O ka 6 ka CO CO ka 8 ka. 7 ol O 90ka 6ol N N N 77 ka 7 ol O 90ka 1ol CO CO CO ka 7 ol O 90ka 10ol H O HO HO 1.10 ka total O N CO HO total total 90 ka 77 ka 154 ka 19 ka ka. (a) HO CO total H O CO CO at 1ºC.49ka ka.49 ka 99.0 ka (b) 1L 50 L 0.50 L 1000 L 1º C K nr n R 99.0 ka 0.50 L n ka L K ol K n ol CO () Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

11 Chapter 4 est Answer Key BL 4..1A Answers to ultiple-choice Questions 1. a. c. b 4. a 5. b 6. d 7. c 8. c 9. d 10. d 11. b 1. b 1. c 14. a 15. a 16. d 17. c 18. b 19. b 0. a Answers to Nuerical Response Questions /ol o C L 5..1 /L Answers to Written Response Questions 6. he total pressure of the wet as ust be known. Since it is not possible to actually easure the pressure inside the cylinder, by akin the water levels the sae inside the cylinder and in the beaker, the pressure ust be the sae inside the cylinder and outside the cylinder. he baroetric pressure can be easured in the roo and this will be the sae as the total pressure inside the cylinder. Usin the vapour pressure of water at the recorded teperature and the total pressure of the as in the cylinder, the partial pressure of the dry as can be calculated as dry as = water vapour 7. a) When olecules collide with one another and the walls of the container, kinetic enery is conserved. his eans that the total kinetic enery before a collision is the sae as the total kinetic enery after the collision. However, because of the anle of the collisions between particles, soe olecules ay speed up and others slow down. At any oent, not all of the Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

12 olecules are ovin at the sae speed. However, the averae kinetic enery of all of the olecules is directly proportional to the Kelvin teperature. b) Nitroen olecules have a larer ass than heliu olecules. If both are at the sae teperature, they have the sae averae kinetic enery. But to keep the kinetic eneries the sae, the olecules with a larer ass ove ore slowly. Curve represents the nitroen olecules. 8. Nuber of oles n k ol k ol 0 Nuber of olecules ol olecules olecules ol 9. n no = 4.00 = 0.15 ol O.0 ol nh = =.000 ol H.00 ol nch 4 = = ol.00 ol otal nuber of oles = ol ol =.15 ol nch ol 4 artial pressure of CH 4 = n.15 ol 100 ka ka 0. hree ways to increase the pressure inside the cylinder are: decrease the volue by pushin down on the piston; increase the teperature at constant volue; add ore of the as at constant teperature and volue. Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

13 CHAER roperties of Gases Answer Key BL.1.A 1. (a) Air has ass. (b) Air has volue and occupies space. (c) Air has pressure. (d) Gas volue is dependent upon teperature. (e) Gas pressure increases with teperature.. Solid Liquid Gas he olecules in the solid are closely packed, held in a riid pattern, and have restricted oveent. In the liquid, the olecules are still close toether, but can ove or flow past one another. he as olecules are far apart, and ove at a very fast speed.. If reains constant, and reain constant. Collisions are elastic, which eans no enery is lost as the olecules collide with the walls of the tire. 4. Ar() Kr() Aron is lihter and will travel faster than krypton, so the ases will eet toward the krypton end of the lass tube. 5. (a) he kinetic enery is the sae in both balloons since they are at the sae teperature. (b) he hydroen olecules have reater speed than the nitroen olecules because the hydroen olecules are saller. (c) he ass of the nitroen-filled balloon is reater than that of the hydroen-filled balloon because nitroen has a hiher olar ass. 6. On a cold day, the teperature of the air in the tire deceases, which lowers the averae kinetic enery of the as olecules. his decreases the nuber of the collisions with the walls of the tire, which decreases the pressure and volue. 7. As the diaphra pushes down, the volue in the lun cavity increases, causin the pressure to decrease. he pressure of air outside is reater than that in the luns. his helps to force air into our luns to aid in breathin. 8. As the teperature dropped and approached the condensin point, the olecules oved ore slowly. he attractive forces between the aonia olecules pulled the olecules closer toether and decreased the volue fro the expected volue of an ideal as. 9. he density of heliu is less than that of air, so the heliu-filled balloon will rise quickly. Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

14 Chapter est Answer Key BL.4.1A Answers to ultiple-choice Questions 1. c. d. a 4. c 5. b 6. b 7. d 8. a 9. a 10. c 11. b 1. b 1. d 14. d 15. c Answers to Nuerical Response Questions 16. Lower by.6 o C H c L ka Answers to Written Response Questions 1. a) Graph of the colun lenth as a function of the teperature Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

15 b) Absolute zero is the x-intercept. It will be near 7 ºC. he raph extrapolates to about 67 C. c) Heliu behaves ore nearly like an ideal as than does air because heliu is spherical and has only two electrons and thus extreely sall London (dispersion) forces. If heliu was in the tube instead of air, the raph would probably extrapolate to a point closer to the expected value of 7 C than does the raph shown above. a) he balloon will expand as air is puped out of the jar. Since no air escapes fro the balloon, the pressure inside the balloon reains at 1.0 at. he difference in the pressure between the inside and outside of the balloon causes the balloon to expand. b) his is an application of Boyle's law. he teperature reained constant and the volue varied inversely with pressure.. When the stopcocks are both open, the olecules will distribute theselves evenly throuhout the three containers. he total nuber of olecules is = Each container will have ⅓ of the total nuber of olecules, or olecules. his nuber of olecules will ive a pressure in container B (and also in A and C) of ka 4. 1 = 5.0 L 1 = = 9.15 K =? = = 6.15 K = K = 5.0 L K = 4.06 L = 4.0 L 1 = 5.0 L 1 = 4.0 L 1 1 = Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

16 = 1 1 = Also acceptable is = 6.15 K K 5. As the teperature decreases, the olecules lose kinetic enery and slow down. he collisions with the walls of the tire will be less frequent and have less force. his decreases the inside pressure and the tire becoes slihtly flat = 0.0 L 1 = 1600 ka =? = 100 ka 1 1 = = 1 1 = 0.0 L 1600 ka 100 ka = 0 L When the cylinder is "epty," there is still 0.0 L inside. herefore, the volue of as that can be obtained is 00.0 L. Copyriht 007, cgraw-hill Ryerson Liited, a Subsidiary of the cgraw-hill Copanies. All rihts reserved. his pae ay be reproduced for classroo use by the purchaser of this book without the written perission of the publisher.

Test Review # 7. Combined Gas Law PV T PV T. Ideal Gas Law PV = nrt. Chemistry H-3: Form TR7.6A

Test Review # 7. Combined Gas Law PV T PV T. Ideal Gas Law PV = nrt. Chemistry H-3: Form TR7.6A Chemistry H-3: Form TR7.6A TEST 9 REVIEW Name Date Period Test Review # 7 ENERGY Calculatin Joules. When you heat a solid, it s temperature enerally oes up. There is a relationship between heat and temperature,