Web Development Paradigms and how django and GAE webapp approach them.

Transcription

1 Web Development Paradigms and how django and GAE webapp approach them. Lakshman Prasad Agiliq Solutions September 25, 2010

2 Concepts and abstractions used to represent elements of a program

3 Web Development Paradigms: Modeling common web patterns

4 Why?

5

6 Batteries Included

7 docs.djangoproject.com

8 Webapp: Simple web application framework (with custom APIs)

9 Lets examine the batteries

10 How do I know about web development or django Active Djangonaut Part of a few popular open source django applications github.com/becomingguru, github.com/agiliq Consulting and Development via Developed several custom proprietory django

11 Introduction Forms Authentication Generic Views Caching Others Admin

12 Forms

13 Save form data to a table

14 Use a Model Form >>> from django. forms import ModelForm # C r e a t e the form c l a s s. >>> c l a s s A r t i c l e F o r m ( ModelForm ) :... c l a s s Meta :... model = A r t i c l e # C r e a t i n g a form to add an a r t i c l e. >>> form = A r t i c l e F o r m ( ) # C r e a t i n g a form to change an e x i s t i n g a r t i c l e. >>> a r t i c l e = A r t i c l e. o b j e c t s. get ( pk=1) >>> form = A r t i c l e F o r m ( i n s t a n c e=a r t i c l e )

15 Models

16 Model Syntax from django. db import models c l a s s Post ( models. Model ) : t i t l e = models. C h a r F i e l d ( max length =100) t e x t = models. T e x t F i e l d ( ) d a t e t i m e = models. DateTimeField ( ) c l a s s Meta : o r d e r i n g = ( d a t e t i m e, ) def u n i c o d e ( s e l f ) : return s e l f. t i t l e c l a s s Comment( models. Model ) : p o s t = models. ForeignKey ( Post ) t e x t = models. T e x t F i e l d ( )

17 Model API >>>from b l o g. models import Post, Comment >>>p o s t = Post. o b j e c t s. a l l ( ) [ 0 ] >>>post comments = p o s t. comment set. a l l ( )

18 Save Foreign Keys

19 Use Model Formset from django. forms. models import m o d e l f o r m s e t f a c t o r y AuthorFormSet = m o d e l f o r m s e t f a c t o r y ( Author ) f o r m s e t = AuthorFormSet ( ) >>> p r i n t f o r m s e t <i n p u t type= hidden name= form TOTAL FORMS v a l u e= 1 i d= i d f o r m TOTAL FORMS /> <i n p u t type= hidden name= form INITIAL FORMS v a l u e= 0 i d= i d f o r m INITIAL FORMS /> <i n p u t type= hidden name= form MAX NUM FORMS i d= i d f o r m MAX NUM FORMS /> <tr ><th> <l a b e l f o r= i d f o r m 0 name >Name:</ l a b e l > </th><td> <i n p u t i d= i d f o r m 0 name type= t e x t name= form 0 name maxlength= 100 /> </td></tr >

20 Model Formset options f o r m s e t = AuthorFormSet ( qs=author. o b j e c t s. a l l ( ), e x t r a =5) f o r m s e t. i s v a l i d ( ) f o r m s e t. e r r o r s { name : This f i e l d i s r e q u i r e d } f o r m s e t. changed forms f o r m s e t. s a v e ( )

21 Form pre populated

22 Forms dont have to save to a Model from django import forms c l a s s ContactForm ( forms. Form ) : s u b j e c t = forms. C h a r F i e l d ( max length =100) message = forms. C h a r F i e l d ( ) s e n d e r = forms. E m a i l F i e l d ( ) c c m y s e l f = forms. B o o l e a n F i e l d ( r e q u i r e d=f a l s e ) def s a v e ( s e l f ) : #Do a n y t h i n g...

23 Form Preview

24 Form Preview from django. c o n t r i b. f o r m t o o l s. p r e v i e w import FormPreview from myapp. models import SomeModel #Add a u r l ( r ˆ p o s t /$, SomeModelFormPreview ( SomeModelForm ) ), #D e f i n e form p r e v i e w c l a s s SomeModelFormPreview ( FormPreview ) : def done ( s e l f, r e q u e s t, c l e a n e d d a t a ) : # Do something with the c l e a n e d d a t a, then # r e d i r e c t to a s u c c e s s page. return H t t p R e s p o n s e R e d i r e c t ( / form / s u c c e s s )

25 Form Wizard

26 Form Wizard c l a s s ContactWizard ( FormWizard ) : def done ( s e l f, r e q u e s t, f o r m l i s t ) : d o s o m e t h i n g w i t h t h e f o r m d a t a ( f o r m l i s t ) return H t t p R e s p o n s e R e d i r e c t ( / r e d i r e c t / )

27 Authentication

28 Point to url pattern u r l p a t t e r n s += p a t t e r n s ( django. c o n t r i b. auth. v i e w s, u r l ( r ˆ l o g i n /$, l o g i n ), u r l ( r ˆ l o g o u t /$, l o g o u t ), u r l ( r ˆ r e g i s t e r /$, r e g i s t e r ), u r l ( r ˆ p a s s r e s e t /$, p a s s w o r d r e s e t ), u r l ( r ˆ p a s s r e s e t 2 /$, p a s s w o r d r e s e t d o n e ), u r l ( r ˆ p a s s r e s e t c o n f i r m /(?P<uidb36 >[ \w]+)/, p a s s w o r d r e s e t c o n f i r m ), u r l ( r ˆ p a s s r e s e t c o m p l e t e /$, p a s s w o r d r e s e t c o m p l e t e ), )

29 Login Required from django. c o n t r i b. auth. d e c o r a t o r s import \ l o g i n r e q u i r e l o g i n r e q u i r e d ( r e d i r e c t f i e l d n a m e= r e d i r e c t t o ) def my view ( r e q u e s t ) :...

30 Authentication backends c l a s s S e t t i n g s B a c k e n d : A u t h e n t i c a t e a g a i n s t the s e t t i n g s ADMIN LOGIN and ADMIN PASSWORD. def a u t h e n t i c a t e ( s e l f, username=none, password=none ) i f l o g i n v a l i d and p w d v a l i d : return u s e r return None def g e t u s e r ( s e l f, u s e r i d ) : t r y : return User. o b j e c t s. get ( pk=u s e r i d ) except User. DoesNotExist : return None

31 django-socialauth

32 Send to template

33 Generic Views from django. c o n f. u r l s. d e f a u l t s import from django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. s i m p l e \ import d i r e c t t o t e m p l a t e u r l p a t t e r n s = p a t t e r n s (, ( ˆ about /$, d i r e c t t o t e m p l a t e, { t e m p l a t e : about. html }) )

34 Object based generic views

35 Display objects and their lists from django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. l i s t d e t a i l import \ o b j e c t d e t a i l, o b j e c t l i s t u r l ( ( r ˆ o b j e c t s / page (?P<page >[0 9]+)/$, o b j e c t l i s t, d i c t ( i n f o d i c t ) ), ( r ˆ o b j e c t s /(?P<id >[0 9]+)/$, o b j e c t d e t a i l, d i c t ( i n f o d i c t ) ), )

36 List of generic views django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. s i m p l e. d i r e c t t o t e m p l a t e django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. s i m p l e. r e d i r e c t t o django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. l i s t d e t a i l. o b j e c t l i s t django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. l i s t d e t a i l. o b j e c t d e t a i l django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. c r e a t e u p d a t e. c r e a t e o b j e c t django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. c r e a t e u p d a t e. u p d a t e o b j e c t django. v i e w s. g e n e r i c. c r e a t e u p d a t e. d e l e t e o b j e c t

37 Normalized data is for sissies - Cal Henderson

38 Different blocks need different caching durations

39 Generally Memcache Every page CACHE BACKEND = memcached : / / : / CACHE BACKEND = memcached : / / : ; \ : ; : /

40 Implement a caching decorator from django. c o r e. cache import cache def c a c h e f o r ( seconds, f e t c h =0): def c a c h e i t ( func ) : def d e c o f u n c ( s e l f ) : v a l = cache. get ( s e l f. g e t c a c h e k e y ( f e t c h ) ) i f not v a l : v a l = func ( s e l f ) cache. s e t ( s e l f. g e t c a c h e k e y ( f e t c h ), val, s e c o n d s ) return v a l return d e c o f u n c return c a c h e i t

41 Apply on the blocks c l a s s T w i t t e r B l o c k ( T w i t t e r S e a r c h B l o c k ) : template name = t w i t t e r u s e r b l o c k. html a j a x t e m p l a t e = t w e e t s u s e r. c a c h e f o r (60 60, f e t c h =1) def f e t c h d a t a ( s e l f ) : tw = T w i t t e r ( e m a i l= umoja com ) u s e r t w e e t s = tw. s t a t u s e s. u s e r t i m e l i n e ( screen name=s e l f. data ) return u s e r t w e e t s, None

42 Different cache Backends Database File System Local Memory Dummy- For Development

43 More Paradigms Internationalization Localization Humanization CSRF Protection Pagination Sorting Data grid Sorl Thumbnail

44

45 Admin by models alone

46 Admin Syntax from django. c o n t r i b import admin from models import Post, Comment c l a s s PostAdmin ( admin. ModelAdmin ) : l i s t d i s p l a y = ( t i t l e, d a t e t i m e ) c l a s s CommentAdmin ( admin. ModelAdmin ) : l i s t d i s p l a y = ( t e x t, ) admin. s i t e. r e g i s t e r ( Post, PostAdmin ) admin. s i t e. r e g i s t e r (Comment, CommentAdmin )

47 List Page

48 Add an Entry

49 Auto Validation