^_ Key Observation Point Viewshed Model. Grazing Yak Solar Project. Key Observation Point Location Map KOP #6 KOP #3 KOP #1 KOP #2 KOP #4 KOP #5
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1 Liberty Rd Paint Mine Rd Mc Queen Rd Paint Mine Rd E q Funk Rd ^_ KOP #6 Currier Rd Washington Rd ^_ KOP #1 ^_ KOP #2 ^_ KOP #3 Hanisch Rd ^_ KOP #4 Judge Orr Rd ^_ KOP #5 0 1,000 2,000 Feet Solar Array Underground Collection Line Easement ^_ Key Observation Point Viewshed Model Grazing Yak Solar Project Key Observation Point Location Map El Paso County, Colorado Not Visible Visible Date: 9/28/2018
2 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 1 Modeled View August 2018 KOP 1 Name Washington Road & McQueen Road Latitude/Longitude Direction/Distance / North/±725 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
3 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 2 Modeled View August 2018 KOP 2 Name Washington Road at Project Access Latitude/Longitude Direction/Distance / North/±725 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
4 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 3 Modeled View August 2018 KOP 3 Name Washington Road & Currier Road Latitude/Longitude Direction/Distance / Northeast/±2,880 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
5 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 4 Modeled View August 2018 KOP 4 Name Currier Road Southern Project Extent Latitude/Longitude Direction/Distance / East/±2,650 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
6 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 5 Modeled View August 2018 KOP 5 Name Judge Orr & Currier Road Latitude/Longitude Direction/Distance / Southeast/±5,880 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
7 Modeled View August 2018 G r a z i n g Y a k S o l a r P r o j e c t - K e y O b s e r v a t i o n P o i n t 6 KOP 6 Name Latitude/Longitude Funk Road Direction/Distance / North/±10,450 ft Proposed View Vicinity Map Project # Date 9/21/2018
8 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar GlareGauge Glare Analysis Results Site Con guration: Grazing Yak Project site configuration details and results. Created Sept. 28, :21 p.m. Updated Sept. 28, :02 p.m. DNI varies and peaks at 1,000.0 W/m^2 Analyze every 1 minute(s) 0.5 ocular transmission coefficient m pupil diameter m eye focal length 9.3 mrad sun subtended angle Timezone UTC-7 Site Configuration ID: Summary of Results Glare with low potential for temporary after-image predicted PV name Tilt Orientation "Green" Glare "Yellow" Glare Energy Produced deg deg min min kwh PV array 1 SA tracking SA tracking 13, Component Data PV Array(s) Name: PV array 1 Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Tracking axis orientation: deg Tracking axis tilt: 60.0 deg Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 deg Maximum tracking angle: 60.0 deg Resting angle: 60.0 deg Rated power: - Panel material: Smooth glass without AR coating Vary reflectivity with sun position? Yes Correlate slope error with surface type? Yes Slope error: 6.55 mrad Vertex Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation deg deg ft ft ft Flight Path Receptor(s) 1/9
9 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar Name: FP 1 Description: Threshold height : 50 ft Direction: 99.7 deg Glide slope: 3.0 deg Pilot view restricted? Yes Vertical view restriction: 30.0 deg Azimuthal view restriction: 50.0 deg Point Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation deg deg ft ft ft Threshold mile point Name: FP 2 Description: Threshold height : 50 ft Direction: deg Glide slope: 3.0 deg Pilot view restricted? Yes Vertical view restriction: 30.0 deg Azimuthal view restriction: 50.0 deg Point Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation deg deg ft ft ft Threshold mile point /9
10 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar Discrete Observation Receptors Number Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total Elevation deg deg ft ft ft OP OP OP OP OP OP OP ATCT ATCT map image 3/9
11 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar PV Array Results PV array 1 low potential for temporary after-image Component Green glare (min) Yellow glare (min) FP: FP FP: FP OP: OP OP: OP OP: OP OP: OP OP: OP OP: OP OP: OP OP: 8-ATCT 0 0 PV array 1 - Flight Path Receptor (FP 1) No glare found PV array 1 - Flight Path Receptor (FP 2) No glare found PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 1) No glare found PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 2) No glare found PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 3) No glare found 4/9
12 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 4) PV array is expected to produce the following glare for receptors at this location: 1,728 minutes of "green" glare with low potential to cause temporary after-image. 0 minutes of "yellow" glare with potential to cause temporary after-image. 5/9
13 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 5) PV array is expected to produce the following glare for receptors at this location: 3,448 minutes of "green" glare with low potential to cause temporary after-image. 0 minutes of "yellow" glare with potential to cause temporary after-image. 6/9
14 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 6) PV array is expected to produce the following glare for receptors at this location: 644 minutes of "green" glare with low potential to cause temporary after-image. 0 minutes of "yellow" glare with potential to cause temporary after-image. 7/9
15 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar PV array 1 - OP Receptor (OP 7) PV array is expected to produce the following glare for receptors at this location: 8,040 minutes of "green" glare with low potential to cause temporary after-image. 0 minutes of "yellow" glare with potential to cause temporary after-image. PV array 1 - OP Receptor (8-ATCT) No glare found 8/9
16 9/28/2018 Grazing Yak Site Config ForgeSolar Assumptions Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour. Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings, tree cover and geographic obstructions. The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of view, and typical blink response time. Actual values may differ. Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid. Actual ocular impact outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum. 9/9
17 FORGESOLAR GLARE ANALYSIS Project: Grazing Yak PV Array El Paso County Site configuration: Grazing Yak Analysis conducted by Leonard Powell at 20:01 on 28 Sep, U.S. FAA 2013 Policy Adherence The following table summarizes the policy adherence of the glare analysis based on the 2013 U.S. Federal Aviation Administration Interim Policy 78 FR This policy requires the following criteria be met for solar energy systems on airport property: No "yellow" glare (potential for after-image) for any flight path from threshold to 2 miles No glare of any kind for Air Traffic Control Tower(s) ("ATCT") at cab height. Default analysis and observer characteristics (see list below) ForgeSolar does not represent or speak officially for the FAA and cannot approve or deny projects. Results are informational only. COMPONENT STATUS DESCRIPTION Analysis parameters PASS Analysis time interval and eye characteristics used are acceptable Flight path(s) PASS Flight path receptor(s) do not receive yellow glare ATCT(s) PASS Receptor(s) marked as ATCT do not receive glare Default glare analysis and observer eye characteristics are as follows: Analysis time interval: 1 minute Ocular transmission coefficient: 0.5 Pupil diameter: meters Eye focal length: meters Sun subtended angle: 9.3 milliradians FAA Policy 78 FR can be read at
18 SITE CONFIGURATION Analysis Parameters DNI: peaks at 1,000.0 W/m^2 Time interval: 1 min Ocular transmission coefficient: 0.5 Pupil diameter: m Eye focal length: m Sun subtended angle: 9.3 mrad Site Config ID: PV Array(s) Name: PV array 1 Axis tracking: Single-axis rotation Tracking axis orientation: Tracking axis tilt: 60.0 Tracking axis panel offset: 0.0 Max tracking angle: 60.0 Resting angle: 60.0 Rated power: - Panel material: Smooth glass without AR coating Reflectivity: Vary with sun Slope error: correlate with material PV google static map Vertex Latitude ( ) Longitude ( ) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft)
19 Flight Path Receptor(s) Name: FP 1 Description: Threshold height: 50 ft Direction: 99.7 Glide slope: 3.0 Pilot view restricted? Yes Vertical view: 30.0 Azimuthal view: 50.0 Flight path map Point Latitude ( ) Longitude ( ) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft) Threshold Two-mile Name: FP 2 Description: Threshold height: 50 ft Direction: Glide slope: 3.0 Pilot view restricted? Yes Vertical view: 30.0 Azimuthal view: 50.0 Flight path map Point Latitude ( ) Longitude ( ) Ground elevation (ft) Height above ground (ft) Total elevation (ft) Threshold Two-mile Discrete Observation Receptors Name ID Latitude ( ) Longitude ( ) Elevation (ft) Height (ft) OP OP OP OP OP OP OP ATCT Map image of 8-ATCT OP map
20 GLARE ANALYSIS RESULTS Summary of Glare PV Array Name Tilt Orient "Green" Glare "Yellow" Glare Energy PV array 1 ( ) ( ) min min kwh SA tracking SA tracking 13, Total annual glare received by each receptor Receptor Annual Green Glare (min) Annual Yellow Glare (min) FP FP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP ATCT 0 0 Results for: PV array 1 Receptor Green Glare (min) Yellow Glare (min) FP FP OP OP OP OP OP OP OP ATCT 0 0
21 Flight Path: FP 1 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Flight Path: FP 2 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 1 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 2 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 3 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 4 0 minutes of yellow glare 1728 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 5 0 minutes of yellow glare 3448 minutes of green glare
22 Point Receptor: OP 6 0 minutes of yellow glare 644 minutes of green glare Point Receptor: OP 7 0 minutes of yellow glare 8040 minutes of green glare
23 Point Receptor: 8-ATCT 0 minutes of yellow glare 0 minutes of green glare Assumptions "Green" glare is glare with low potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time. "Yellow" glare is glare with potential to cause an after-image (flash blindness) when observed prior to a typical blink response time. Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time. For Daylight Savings, add one hour. Glare analyses do not account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings, tree cover and geographic obstructions. The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics, angle of view, and typical blink response time. Actual values may differ. Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid based on aggregated research data. Actual ocular impact outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum Sims Industries, All Rights Reserved.
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