1. Identify the Earth motion that provides the basis for our system of local time and time zones.

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Belinda Johnson
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1 Base your answers to questions 1 through 4 on the map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows the four time zones and some latitude and longitude lines across the continental United States. Some cities are labeled on the map. 1. Identify the Earth motion that provides the basis for our system of local time and time zones. 2. Identify the city labeled on the map where sunrise occurs first each day. 3. Identify two cities on the map where measurements of the altitude of Polaris are within one degree of each other. 4. State the number of degrees of longitude that separates New York City from Reno, Nevada, and the time difference, in hours, between these two cities.

Base your answers to questions 5 through 9 on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Lines AB and CD are reference lines on the map.

2 Base your answers to questions 5 through 9 on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Lines AB and CD are reference lines on the map. Letter E indicates a location in a stream. 5. Determine the velocity of the stream at location E where the largest particle being carried at location E has a diameter of 10.0 centimeters. 6. Describe how the contour lines indicate the direction in which Buck River flows. 7. Calculate the gradient along line CD.

3 8. Using the grid, construct a topographic profile along line AB by plotting the elevation of each contour line that crosses line AB. Point A and B have already been plotted on the grid. Connect all plots with a line from A to B to complete the profile. 9. On the map, draw an X on the location with the highest elevation.

Base your answers to questions 10 through 12 on the snowfall map of the Tug Hill Plateau region of New York State and your knowledge of Earth science.

4 Base your answers to questions 10 through 12 on the snowfall map of the Tug Hill Plateau region of New York State and your knowledge of Earth science. A lake-effect snowstorm occurred on November 16-19, Snow depths are indicated in inches at several points and by two labeled isoline. Dashed line AB is a reference line on the map between two recorded snow depths. 10. This snow occurred while Lake Ontario was not frozen. Explain why snowfall amounts would have been less if the lake had had significant ice over. 11. Calculate the snow depth gradient between point A and point B, in inches per mile. 12. On the map, draw the 9-inch and 12-inch snow depth isolines.

Base your answers to questions 13 through 17 on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Point A represents a location on Earth's surface.

5 Base your answers to questions 13 through 17 on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Point A represents a location on Earth's surface. Lines BC and XY are reference lines on the map. Points D, E, F, and G represent locations along Coe Creek. Elevations are shown in feet. 13. Calculate the gradient along line XY. Label your answer with the correct units. 14. Describe how the contour lines indicate that Coe Creek flows faster between locations D and E than between locations F and G. 15. Describe the evidence shown on the map that indicates Coe Creek flows toward the northeast.

6 16. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile of the land surface along the line from point B to point C. Plot the elevation of each contour line that crosses line BC. Connect all nine plots with a line to complete the profile. 17. What is the elevation of location A?

7 Base your answers to questions 18 through 20 on the maps below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The snowfall map shows isolines of average annual snowfall, measured in inches, across part of Michigan between two of the Great Lakes. Letters A through C represent locations on Earth's surface. The snowfall map is an enlargement of the map area outlined on the following Great Lakes regional map. 18. The surface elevation of Lake Huron is 176 meters above sea level. Identify one New York State river that receives water that flows from Lake Huron.

8 19. On the grid, construct a profile of the average annual snowfall along line BC by plotting the value of each isoline that crosses line BC. Connect all eight plots with a line to complete the profile. 20. State the average annual snowfall at location A. Base your answers to questions 21 through 24 on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows an area of New York State that includes a campsite, trail, and buildings near a lake. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations on the map. 21. Campers hiked along the trail from the shoreline of the lake to point D to view the landscape. Determine the average gradient, in meters per kilometer, of the route they took on their hike. 22. Circle the phrase that indicates the direction of flow of Woodland Brook. Describe the contour-line evidence that supports your answer.

9 23. On the grid, construct a topographic profile along line BC. Plot the elevation of each contour line that crosses line BC. Connect all seven plots with a line to complete the profile. 24. Point A on the topographic map indicates a certain elevation on the east side of the lake. Place an X at the same elevation on the west side of the lake. Base your answers to questions 25 through 27 on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Some contour lines have been drawn. Line AB is a reference line on the map. 25. Calculate the gradient along the reference line from A to B, in meters per kilometer. 26. State a likely surface elevation of Pebble Lake. 27. On the map, draw the 60-meter and 70-meter contour lines. The contour lines should extend to the edges of the map.

10 Base your answers to questions 28 through 33 on the topographic map and on your knowledge of Earth science. Dashed lines separate the map into sections I, II, III, and IV. Letters A through E represent locations on Earth's surface. The points in section I represent elevations in feet.

11 28. On the grid construct a topographic profile along line CD by plotting the elevation of each contour line that crosses line CD. Connect all the plots with a line to complete the profile. 29. Calculate the gradient between locations A and B. 30. What is a possible elevation of location E? 31. Describe how the topography within section II is different from the topography within section IV. 32. On the map draw a line showing the most likely path of a second creek that begins at location E and flows into Spruce Creek. 33. On the map complete the 600-ft, 700-ft, and 800-ft contour lines in section I. Extend the lines to the edge of the map.

Base your answers to questions 34 through 37 on the field map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows the depth of Lake Ontario. Isoline values indicate water depth, in feet.

12 Base your answers to questions 34 through 37 on the field map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The map shows the depth of Lake Ontario. Isoline values indicate water depth, in feet. Points A, B, and C represent locations on the shoreline of lake Ontario. Points D and E represent locations on the bottom of the lake. 34. What evidence shown on the map indicates that the southern section of the bottom of Lake Ontario has the steepest slope? 35. What is a possible depth of the water at location E? 36. Calculate the gradient of the lake bottom between point C and point D. Label your answer with the correct units. 37. On the grid above, draw a profile of the bottom of western Lake Ontario by plotting the depth of the water along line AB. Plot each point where an isoline showing depth is crossed by line AB. Connect the plots with a line, starting at A and ending at B, to complete the profile.

13 Base your answers to questions 38 through 40 on the topographic map of Hawaii below and on your knowledge of Earth Science. Points A and B represent surface locations on the island. Land elevations and Pacific Ocean depths are shown in meters.

38. The map below shows the locations of three volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. The arrows represent the direction of the planetary winds. Points X and Y represent surface locations on the island.

14 38. The map below shows the locations of three volcanoes on the island of Hawaii. The arrows represent the direction of the planetary winds. Points X and Y represent surface locations on the island. Explain why location X usually receives less annual precipitation than location Y. 39. The average annual air temperature at location A is approximately 77ºF, while the average annual air temperature at location B is approximately 55ºF. Explain why location B has cooler average temperatures. 40. On the map, draw the 1000-meter ocean-depth isoline. Extend the isoline to the edge of the map.

Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the topographic map below. Letters A through D represent locations on the map. Elevations are measured in feet. Dashed lines represent trails. 41. How long will it take a person to hike along the trail from point C to point D at a rate of 3 miles per hour?

15 Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the topographic map below. Letters A through D represent locations on the map. Elevations are measured in feet. Dashed lines represent trails. 41. How long will it take a person to hike along the trail from point C to point D at a rate of 3 miles per hour? 42. Identify the contour interval used on this map. 43. On the map, first draw an arrow on the stream to show the direction in which the stream is flowing. Then state one piece of evidence shown on the map that supports the direction of the arrow you drew on the stream. 44. On the map, place an X on the trail between A and B so the center of the X indicates where the slope is steepest.

16 Base your answers to questions 45 through 49 on the topographic map shown below. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on Earth's surface. The triangular symbol marks the highest elevation on Patty Hill. Elevations are shown in feet. 45. On the grid below, construct a profile of the land surface along line CD. Plot the elevation of each contour line that crosses line CD. Connect the plots with a line to complete the profile. 46. A student placed a floating wooden block in Blue Creek at location A. Fifteen minutes later, the floating block arrived at location B. What was the creek's rate of flow from A to B? Express your answer to the nearest tenth. 47. Explain how the shape of the contour lines crossing Blue Creek shows the direction that the creek is flowing. 48. Indicate, using a compass direction, the steepest side of Patty Hill. 49. What is a possible elevation at the symbol at the top of Patty Hill?

Base your answers to questions 50 through 53 on the topographic map below, which shows an area of the Saranac River just west of Plattsburgh, New York. Points A and B are locations in the river. 50. Identify one emergency preparedness activity that people living in the floodplain area can take to protect themselves and their property from possible flooding.

17 Base your answers to questions 50 through 53 on the topographic map below, which shows an area of the Saranac River just west of Plattsburgh, New York. Points A and B are locations in the river. 50. Identify one emergency preparedness activity that people living in the floodplain area can take to protect themselves and their property from possible flooding. 51. Why is erosion of the stream bank more likely at point A than at point B? 52. Describe how the contour lines shown on the map indicate that the Saranac River flows from point A to point B. 53. In this region of the Saranac River, the land area that is lower in elevation than 450 feet is a floodplain. On the map above, draw a diagonal-line pattern to indicate the entire floodplain area.

18 Base your answers to questions 54 through 57 on the map below, which shows partially drawn contour lines. Xs indicate elevations in meters. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on the map.

19 54. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile along line CD. Plot with an X the elevation of each contour line that crosses line CD. Connect the Xs from C to D with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile. Elevations C and D have already been plotted. 55. Calculate the stream gradient from elevation A to elevation B. Label your answer with the correct units. 56. On the portion of the map showing contour lines above place an X in an area where an elevation of 55 meters is located. 57. On the above complete the 250-meter contour line.

Base your answers to questions 58 through 60 on on the topographic map below. Points A, B, X, and Y are locations on Earth's surface. 58. Calculate the gradient between points X and Y.

20 Base your answers to questions 58 through 60 on on the topographic map below. Points A, B, X, and Y are locations on Earth's surface. 58. Calculate the gradient between points X and Y. Units must be included in your answer. 59. Toward which compass direction is Snapper Creek flowing? 60. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile of the land surface along line AB by plotting an X for the the elevation of each contour line that crosses line AB. Connect the Xs with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile.

21 61. Base your answer to the following question on the topographic map below, which shows a small island in an ocean. Points A, B, C, and D represent surface locations on the island. The symbol 134 represents an elevation on the hilltop. Elevations are measured in feet and distances are measured in miles. State the compass direction toward which Mud Creek flows.

Base your answers to questions 62 and 63 on the data table below. The data table shows the latitude of several cities in the Northern Hemisphere and the duration of daylight on a particular day. 62. Based on the data table, state the relationship between latitude and the duration of daylight.

22 Base your answers to questions 62 and 63 on the data table below. The data table shows the latitude of several cities in the Northern Hemisphere and the duration of daylight on a particular day. 62. Based on the data table, state the relationship between latitude and the duration of daylight. 63. On the grid below, plot with an X the duration of daylight for each city shown in the data table. Connect your Xs with a smooth, curved line.

23 Base your answers to questions 64 through 66 on the topographic map below. Points A and B are reference points on the map. The symbols show the highest elevations on Eagle Hill and Timony Hill. Elevations are shown in feet.

24 64. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile along line AB by plotting an X for the elevation of each contour line that crosses line AB. Connect the plotted Xs with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile. Points A and B have been plotted. 65. State a possible elevation of the top of Patriot Hill. 66. Identify the general compass direction toward which Auroro Creek is flowing. Base your answers to questions 67 through 69 on the map in below. The map shows the water depth, measured in feet, at the north end of the Finger Lakes. Points A and B are locations at the lake's shoreline. Points X and Y are locations on the bottom of the lake. 67. Calculate the gradient between point X and point Y. Label your answer with the correct units.

25 68. On the grid below, construct a profile along the line from point A to point B. Plot the depth along line AB by marking an X at each numbered point where a water depth is shown. Complete the profile by connecting the Xs with a smooth, curved line. The Xs for point A and point B have been plotted. 69. On the map above, draw the 20 foot-depth isoline. The isoline must extend to the edge of the map.

26 70. Base your answer to the following question on passage and time zones map shown below. Time Zones In 1883, Earth was divided into 24 time zones. The United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) has four time zones, which are indicated by different shadings on the map.each zone is roughly centered on lines of longitude that are 15 apart. These lines are shown as dashed lines on the map. Most locations within a time zone have the same time.this time is called standard time. As you move to the west, the time in each zone is one hour earlier than the previous time zone When it is 1 a.m. in New York City, what time is it in Denver?

27 71. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram in your answer booklet, which shows the latitude-longitude grid on a model of Earth. Point Y is a location on Earth s surface. On the diagram, place an X at 15 S 30 W.

28 72. Base your answer to the following question on the diagrams below. The top diagram shows a depression ai hill on a gently sloping area. The bottom diagram is a topographic map of the same area. Points A, X, and Y a locations on Earth s surface. A dashed line connects points X and Y. Elevation is indicated in feet. What is a possible elevation of point A?

29 73. Base your answer to the following question on the field map below. The map shows elevations, measured in feet, of a number of points in a certain geographic region. Contour lines have been drawn for the 100-foot and 120-foot elevations. Points A and B represent two spot elevations on the map. Toward which general compass direction does Elma Creek flow? 74. Base your answer to the following question on the topographic map shown below. Points A, B, C, and D are reference points on the map. Elevations are measured in meters. On the grid provided above, construct a topographic profile along line AB, by plotting a point for the elevation of each contour line that crosses line AB and connecting the points with a smooth, curved line to complete the profile.

30 Base your answers to questions 75 and 76 on the contour map below. Letters A through H represent locations in the area represented by the map. Contour lines are labeled in feet. 75. Which letter represents the highest elevation? 76. Calculate the gradient of the slope along the dashed line between points G and H on the map. Label the answer with the correct units.

31 77. Base your answer to the following question on the temperature field map below. the map shows 25 measurements (in C) that were made in a temperature field and recorded as shown. The dots represent the exact location of the measurements. A and B are locations within the field.

32 78. Base your answer to the following question on the temperature field map below. The map shows temperature readings ( C) recorded by students in a science classroom. The readings were taken at the same time at floor level. Temperature readings for points A and B are labeled on the map. On the temperature field map, use solid lines to draw the 18 C, 20 C, and 22 C isotherms. Isotherms must extend to the boundary of the map. Label each isotherm to indicate its temperature.

33 79. Base your answer to the following question on the topographic map of Cottonwood, Colorado, below. Points A, B, X, and Y are marked for reference. State the highest possible elevation, to the nearest meter, for point B on the topographic map.

Base your answers to questions 80 and 81 on the map below, which shows the snowfall from the fall of 1976 through the spring of 1977, measured in inches, for most of New York State.

34 Base your answers to questions 80 and 81 on the map below, which shows the snowfall from the fall of 1976 through the spring of 1977, measured in inches, for most of New York State. The 200-inch snowfall isolines are shown on the map. 80. On the map above, draw the 100-inch snowfall isoline. Extend the isoline to the edges of New York State. 81. The amount of snowfall for Massena is shown on the map. What was the amount of snowfall for Massena?

Base your answers to questions 82 through 84 on the diagram below, which represents a north polar view of Earth on a specific day of the year. Solar times at selected longitude lines are shown.

35 Base your answers to questions 82 through 84 on the diagram below, which represents a north polar view of Earth on a specific day of the year. Solar times at selected longitude lines are shown. Letter A represents a location on Earth's surface. 82. How many degrees apart are the longitude lines shown in the diagram? 83. State the altitude of Polaris as seen by an observer at the North Pole. 84. How many hours of daylight would an observer at location A experience on this day?

MAPS REGENTS REVIEW PRACTICE

MAPS REGENTS REVIEW PRACTICE Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the topographic map and on your knowledge of Earth science. Points A and B represent locations on Earth's surface. Elevations are shown in feet. The 50-ft and