Laseri de mare putere si laseri cu raze X la FAIR

Transcription

1 Laseri de mare putere si laseri cu raze X la FAIR D. Ursescu, Thomas Kühl, C. Bischoff, D. Zimmer, V. Bagnoud, D. Javorkova, O. Rosmej, GSI, Germany K. Cassou, S. Kazamias, A. Klisnick, D. Ros, Universite Paris Sud / LIXAM B. Zielbauer, K. Janulewicz, P. Nickles, MBI, Germany J. Dunn, P. Neumayer, LLNL, USA G. Pert, York University, UK T. Stoehlker, GSI, Darmstadt D. Schneider, J. McDonald, LBLN R. Schuch, U. Stockholm, Sweden M. Tomaselli, TU Darmstadt, Germany S. Fritzsche, U. Kassel, Germany si echipa PHELIX 1

2 Cuprins Context: laseri la FAIR Motivatie pentru dezvoltarea de XRL la GSI Rezultate experimentale XRL Tendinte actuale: plasma shaping Proiecte: Spre lungimi de unda mai scurte Experimente cu EBIT Progres in calculele teoretice Concluzie 2

3 Context: laseri la FAIR 3

4 Context FAIR, the International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research High Energy Density Matter Generated by Heavy Ion Beams SIS-100/300 GSI actual PHELIX Equation of State Laboratory Astro-science heavy ions: ~80kJ in 70 ns WDM SIS-18 Thompson Scattering Spectroscopy future GSI Radiative Properties of Warm Dense Matter SPARC Stored Particle Atomic Physics Collaboration Ions in ultra-high fields, X-ray spectroscopy of radioactive nuclei 4

5 Motivatie pentru XRL (x-ray lasers) 5

6 Lithium-like Ions: very precise calculations 2p 2s wavelength /nm transition energy /ev 300 S1/2 2P1/ nuclear charge Z 6

7 Tuning via Doppler-shift β = v c λ λ = λ 1 β 1+ β wavelength tuning by fine variation of velocity Excitation probability sufficient due to interaction length 7

8 XRL la PHELIX 8

9 PHELIX laser building 9

10 Generation of gain by collisional excitation in Ni-like systems Co-like fundamental level 3d94d lasing transition 3d94p fast radiative decay electron collisional excitation 3d10 Ni-like fundamental level Y.V. Afanas ev and V.N. Shlyaptsev, Sov. J. Quant. El. 19, 1606 (1989) P.V. Nickles et al., PRL 78, 2748 (1997) 10

11 Experimental set-up Spherical mirror KeV sensitive pinhole camera Zr target Slit Cross-slit camera for visible range Grating XUV CCD Spectrograph Microscope 11

12 Direct measurement of 2D effects on the plasma temperature Intensity Main pulse GRIP Zr XRL: kev emission Experiments at LULI in Paris: Ag XRL beam profile 12

13 Gain saturation is easily reached 72 incidence angle 13

14 Lateral view of KeV plasma emission, magnification 8-27 S. Kazamias, K.Cassou, D. Ros, F. Plé, G. Jamelot, A. Klisnick, O. Lundh, F. Lindau, A. Persson, C. G. Wahlström, S. de Rossi, D. Joyeux, B. Zielbauer, D. Ursescu, T. Kühl; A 10 Hz, 3 µj transient X-ray laser pumped in grazing incidence geometry; Accepted in Optics Letters (2006) Mo XRL in LLC, Sweden 14

15 Tendinte actuale: plasma shaping - pulsuri multiple - controlul depozitiei de energie in plasma(ib) - controlul unghiului sub care pulsurile lovesc tinta - controlul depozitiei de energie de-a lungul liniei focale - controlul proprietatilor tintei (densitate, forma...) 15

16 Modeling main pulse absorption in plasma at different incidence angles 16

17 Local XRL signal definition ne sl = (e gl 1) nc 17

18 MP incidence angle effects for Ag TCE XRL (2) Main-pulse 2 J, 45o incidence (pre-pulse 4 J) EHYBRID simulation starting at the begin of the main-pulse 18

19 Electron density distribution dynamics PP=0 MP=0 PP=60 MP=0 PP=0 MP=60 PP=60 MP=60 Electron density normalized to critical electron density for different pre-pulse and main pulse angles 19

20 Proiecte: Spre lungimi de unda mai scurte 20

21 1992: First (and only) Water Window XRL Microscopy Experiment Figure 67. (a) Schematic diagram of the x-ray microscope showing its main components. MCP stands for micro channel plate. (b) X-ray microscope images of rat sperm nuclei (a) with no gold labelling, (b) strained with antiprotamine 1 and gold-labelled, and (c) strained with antiprotamine 2 and gold-labelled (Da Silva L B et al., 1992 Science ) 21

22 Energy for pumping XRL QSS TCE GRIP W Sm 22

23 Experimente cu EBIT 23

24 Set-Up for the Interaction of Ultra-Intense Laser Fields with Confined Charged Particle Plasmas at PHELIX GSI, Stockholm, Livermore (LLNL), Berlin (MBI), Mainz, Würzburg Compact REBIT ("Refrigerator" electron beam ion trap) integrated at the PHELIX X-Ray Laser Lab Diagnostics: pump probe experiments (UV emission) x-ray emission (Si and Ge detectors) ionization dynamics (MCP) REBIT off-axis paraboloid Set-Up in the PHELIX Lab Schematics of the interaction region Preliminary hints: - trap loading was observed in the presence laser pulses 1012->14 W/cm2 - yield of laser produced ions in the presence of electron beam is significantly higher - long decay times for the ions produced in the ion trap observed in pump probe experiments Aims: -ionization in laser fields -re-collision processes (further ionization, harmonics generation) -e- acceleration with non-adiabatic assumption -Coulomb explosion 24

25 Progres in calculele teoretice 25

26 Cluster model based on Dynamic Correlation Model (DCM) Ψ N N ai+ 0 i= 1 N [H, a ] 0 + i i= 1 N+ 1 [ H, ai+ a1 ] 0 i= 1 N a 0 + ai+ a i i= 1 N+ 1 i= 1 N+1 i= 1 N+ 2 2 N + Ψ N + 1,1 + Ψ ai+ ai ' 0 i = 1 i '= 1... Ψ tot Ψ ai+ a1 0 N + 2, N i= 1 ai+ 0 + N+ 1 i= 1 ai+ a1 0 + N+ 2 2 i = 1 i '= 1 ai+ ai '

27 Correlated Relativistic Electron Clusters 27

28 Cluster Factorization Theory 28

29 Example of calculation 29

30 Symbolic packages under development Development environment: Maple Racah S. Fritzsche et al. 3j-6j-9j- coefficients, parentage coefficients, etc. Dirac S. Fritzsche et al. Solutions for Dirac equation with point nucleus Fermi D. Ursescu et al. Moshinski brackets, Talmi intergrals Available from Comp. Phys. Comm. programs database or from the authors 30

31 Concluzii 31

32 Concluzii GSI e un loc minunat (...sau va fi) Tehnicile de plasma shaping sunt in stadiu incipient sunt legate de dezvoltarea unor tehnici de modulare si control al pulsurilor laser Pentru obtinerea unor laseri cu raze X cu lungimi de unda scurte este inca necesara multa munca experimentala si de modelare Experimentele cu EBIT sunt un prim pas spre SPARC DCM e un model general aplicabil la electroni si nucleoni pentru care metode computationale simbolice sunt de dorit 32

33 Ni-Like Silver Laser at GSI Ag XRL: 13.9 nm lasing line 45 MP incidence angle spectrograph picture 33