SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION"

Transcription

1 doi: /nature10721 Experimental Methods The experiment was performed at the AMO scientific instrument 31 at the LCLS XFEL at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The nominal electron bunch charge was 250 pc, the average electron-bunch duration was 80 fs. Two recent, independent experiments, however, estimated that the duration of the x-ray pulse might be smaller by a factor of two 28,32, which would result in x-ray pulses of approximately 40 fs. After exiting the undulators, the x-rays pass through a diagnostic and beam transport section consisting of three flat x-ray mirrors 33. Gas and solid attenuators are available, to attenuate the x-ray beam. The diagnostic consists of two N 2 luminescence detectors 34 measuring the x-ray pulse energies before and after the attenuators. Using the gas attenuator, the pulse energies were varied from 0.05 to 1.5 mj. The x-ray pulses were focused by Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors 35,36 to an estimated focus spot of 1-2 µm radius in a gas cell filled with neon at 500 Torr pressure, situated at the center of the AMO interaction chamber. To reach this high pressure, the gas cell had double windows at both front and back ends, made by a 50 µm-thick polyimide film. The x-ray path through the cell was self-aligned in that the windows were drilled through by ablation from the focused XFEL beam 37. The rectangular hole size of ~50 µm (measured after the experiment) corresponds to the total beam size (including the low-intensity wings), defined by the mirror optics of the LCLS. The region between each set of windows was differentially pumped. Due to the leakage of neon gas through these holes, the effective length of the gain material was longer than the physical length of 1.4 cm. A flat-field grating spectrometer with a 600 grooves/mm varied line-spaced reflection gold grating was fielded at a distance of 4 meters downstream from the gas cell to record the spectra of both the transmitted XFEL and the atomic XRL line, with a resolution of 2 ev at1 kev photon energy. During our experiment the nominal photon energy was 960 ev with a single pulse bandwidth of 8 ev FHWM and a centroid jitter of ±7 ev. The transmission of the beam line was estimated to be approximately 0.18, by comparing the XFEL pulse energy, measured by the upstream pulse-energy detectors with the total number of photons detected with the inline spectrometer. This is in accordance with previous estimates 28,38. For the measurement the gas cell was empty and a combination of 4 µm Al / 0.9 µm Cu and 4 µm Al filters was used. A 5-mm slice of the transmitted XFEL and XRL beam, defined by the spectrometer slit, was monitored. Figure 5 shows the beam 1

2 RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION intensity profile along the slit for the XFEL and the XRL line atomic XRL transmitted XFEL Intensity [arb. units.] Position [mm] Figure 5: Slice of atomic XRL and XFEL beam intensity profile at the entrance of the spectrometer. Whereas the atomic XRL line shows a smooth spatial intensity profile, the transmitted XFEL features pronounced maxima and minima in the spatial intensity profile. The beam size of both XRL and XFEL was estimated by fitting a Gaussian to the beam profile and shows a beam waist diameter of 3 mm FWHM at the entrance of the spectrometer. Both XFEL and XRL have similar beam divergences of 1 mrad. Several filters were used in front of the spectrometer. These filters served to provide differential attenuation of the XFEL radiation with respect to the XRL radiation. When first searching for and detecting the XRL line, a filter composed of 0.65 µm Cu on 1 µm Al was used, to provide differential attenuation of the XFEL versus XRL line 39. After optimizing the XRL output by increasing the gas pressure, increasing the XFEL pulse energies by adding more undulators, and adjusting the focus position, we were able to dispense with the differential filter and used only a 0.2 µm Al Filter. Estimates of the XFEL and atomic line energies Spectra were recorded with the Princeton Instruments MTE-1300 CCD camera, with a gain of 1.7 electrons per count. The throughput of the spectrograph is determined by the transmissions of the slit, two grazing incidence gold mirrors and the grating and resulted in The transmission through the slit was calculated by integrating a Gaussian fit of the profile of the Ne K- line to be / , which had a beam waist diameter of 3 2

3 RESEARCH profile of the Ne K-α line to be / , which had a beam waist diameter of 3 mm at the plane of the 20 µm entrance slit of the spectrometer. The beam was not centered on the 5 mm wide slit and no fine adjustments were done to maximize the throughput of the spectrometer. The energy estimates are therefore a lower limit. Correcting for the transmission through the 200 nm Al filter (0.91) and the quantum efficiency of the CCD, the number of Ne K-α photons exciting the gas target per CCD count is 132 +/- 47. Theoretical modeling To estimate the gain properties of the XFEL pumped XRL, we developed a one dimensional, time-dependent, self-consistent gain model, based on kinetic rate equations for the occupancies of the different configuration states involved in the lasing process, coupled to the propagation of the x-ray flux (see reference 13). The presented XRL scheme is gain swept, meaning that the atomic population inversion in a specific region of the amplifier is almost instantaneously prepared at the arrival time of the pump pulse. The population inversion and hence the gain is characterized by a short rise time, followed by a decay due to the Auger process. The absorption of the pump pulse is strong. The gain coefficient of the laser g(z,t) hence depends strongly on time and on the propagation depth:!!,! =!!!!,!!!!,!!!!!!!"#$, (1) where!!!,! [!!!,! ] and!! [!! ] denote the time-dependent occupancies and statistical weights of the upper (1s 1 2s 2 2p 6 ) [lower (1s 2 2s 2 2p 5 )] lasing state,!!"#! is the cross section for stimulated emission and N is the atomic density. The level occupancies in equation (1) are determined by a set of rate equations, following the occupancies of 63 configuration states of neon in charge states up to 10+ during the interaction with the x-ray radiation. The processes taken into account are: photoionization of the valence and core shells (with cross sections from reference 40), Auger decay, spontaneous and stimulated radiative decay, and absorption (with decay rates from reference 41). The kinetic rate equations are self-consistently coupled to the equation determining propagation, absorption and amplification of the XFEL and XRL flux. We consider the forward propagation of the x-ray flux at two discrete energies, the pump energy at 960 ev and the XRL energy at 849 ev. We did not treat any dispersive effects and assume that both colors are propagating with the speed of light. The gain depends strongly on the temporal shape of the pump pulse. Since the XFEL 3

4 RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The gain depends strongly on the temporal shape of the pump pulse. Since the XFEL pulses are based on self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE), they have limited temporal coherence and high shot-to shot fluctuations in the temporal shape. We employed a Monte Carlo method 42 to generate a stochastic ensemble of SASE pulses. The variation in the smallsignal gain was studied for an ensemble of SASE pulses is characterized by an average flattop pulse envelope, a pulse duration of 40 fs, a photon energy of 960 ev, a pulse energy of 0.24 mj and a coherence time of 0.3 fs. Fluctuations in the pulse duration are not accounted for in this simple analysis. The self-consistent gain calculations, describing the absorption of the XFEL pump flux and the amplification of the XRL are performed for a flat-top pulse with a Gaussian ramp on/off of 0.5 fs, corresponding to the assumed averaged pulse shape of the SASE ensemble. To quantify the amplifier we defined a gain-length product by!!!! max!!!!! [!!,! ]!", (2) where T denotes the duration of the pump pulse, L the length of the amplifier and g(z,t) is determined self-consistently in our model. The amplification of the output energy as a function of length is well described by an exponential of GL. Due to strong absorption of the pump, the gain decreases as a function of propagation depth and the total growth turns out to be smaller than exponential. 1x10 10 Number of transmitted photons 1x10 9 1x10 8 1x10 7 1x Incoming XFEL pulse energy [mj] Figure 6: Pump-power dependence of transmitted XFEL and atomic XRL. Shown is a comparison of the experiment with theoretical results from the 1D self-consistent gain model. The blue dots represent the average number of photons detected in the Ne K-α XRL line at 849 ev, determined by integration over 10 consecutive SASE SFEL pulses. The average number of photons in the transmitted XFEL-pump line is shown by the green triangles. 4

5 RESEARCH The measured output energy in both transmitted XFEL and atomic XRL as a function of the incoming XFEL pulse energy compare well in experiment and theory (see figure 6). For comparison with theory we assumed an average XFEL pulse duration of 40 fs (flat-top pulse with a Gaussian ramp on/off of 0.5 fs), a gas density of atoms/cm 3 (corresponding to a pressure of 500 Torr), an interaction length of 1.8 cm and a focal radius of 2 µm. It should be noted, that a combination of a smaller focus and longer pulse duration, resulting in equivalent pump intensities, gives similar good agreement with the experiment. Estimate of the gain-length product We estimate the effective gain-length product (GL) by comparing measured values of the output energy to calculations, assuming exponential amplification of the spontaneous radiation emitted in the first gain length of the lasing medium 43. The spontaneous emission is assumed to be proportional to the incident XFEL energy. For a Lorentzian line profile, we get the calculated XRL energy!!!"#! =!!"#!"#!!!!!". (3)!!"#!!!" Here E FEL is the XFEL energy entering the Ne gas, ω XRL,FEL are the frequencies of the XRL and XFEL lines, b is the branching ratio for spontaneous radiative decay of the upper laser level, f is the fraction of XFEL photons absorbed by K-shell photoionization of neutral neon, Ω is the solid angle of the gain region, and GL is the effective line center gain-length. We use the following input parameters: E FEL = mj, where the factor of 0.18 accounts for the losses before the Ne gas cell, b = , f = ( ), and Ω = ( ) sr. The solid angle has been estimated both from the measured width of the XRL radiation perpendicular to the spectral dispersion direction and from a theoretical model based on the focal spot area measured by beam imprints 44 and the length of the gain region. Finally, we determine the maximum gain-length by equating E calc to the maximum measured energy of 1.1+/- 0.4 µj (value already corrected for absorption in the neon gas in the region beyond the XFEL attenuation length). We find values of GL ranging from 19.2 to References 31 Bozek, J. D. AMO instrumentation for the LCLS X-ray FEL. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 169, 5

6 RESEARCH SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION References 31 Bozek, J. D. AMO instrumentation for the LCLS X-ray FEL. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 169, (2009) 32 S. Düsterer et al., Femtosecond X-ray Pulse Length Characterization at the Linac Coherent Light Source Free Electron Laser. New J. Phys. 13, (2011). 33 Soufli R. et al. Morphology, microstructure, stress and damage properties of thin film coatings for the LCLS x-ray mirrors, Proceedings of the SPIE 7361, 73610U (2009) 34 Hau-Riege, S. P. et al. Near-Ultraviolet Luminescence of N2 Irradiated by Short X-Ray Pulses, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, (2010) 35 Kelez, N. et al. in Proc. FEL2009 paper WEPC (2009); 36 Barty A., Soufli R. McCarville T., Baker S. L., Pivovaroff M. J., Stefan P. & Bionta R., Predicting the coherent x-ray wavefront focal properties at the Linac Coherent Light Sources (LCLS) x-ray free electron laser, Optics Express 17, (2009) 37 Hau-Riege S. P. et al. Interaction of short x-ray pulses with low-z x-ray optics materials at the LCLS free-electron laser, Optics Express 18, 2393 (2010) 38 Richter M. Private communication. 39 Dunn J. et al. Design and measurement of a Cu L-edge x-ray filter for free electron laser pumped x-ray laser experiments. Rev. Sci. Instr. 81, 10E330 (2010) 40 Los Alamos Atomic Physics Codes, based on R.D. Cowan R.D. Theory of Atomic Spectra, (University of California Press, Berkeley, 1981) 41 Bhalla C.P., Folland N. O. & Hein M. A. Theoretical K-Shell Auger Rates, Transition Energies, and Fluorescence Yields for Multiply Ionized Neon, Phys. Rev. A 8, 649 (1973)

7 RESEARCH 42 Vannucci G. & Teich M. C. Computer simulation of superposed coherent and chaotic radiation, Appl. Opt. 19, 548 (1980) 43 Pert G. J. Output characteristics of amplified-stimulated-emission lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 11, 1425 (1994). 44 Krzywinski J. private communication; Chalupský J. et al. Spot size characterization of focused non-gaussian X-ray laser beams. Optics Express 18, (2010) 7

Damage to Molecular Solids Irradiated by X-ray Laser Beam

Damage to Molecular Solids Irradiated by X-ray Laser Beam WDS'11 Proceedings of Contributed Papers, Part II, 247 251, 2011. ISBN 978-80-7378-185-9 MATFYZPRESS Damage to Molecular Solids Irradiated by X-ray Laser Beam T. Burian, V. Hájková, J. Chalupský, L. Juha,

More information

Ultrafast X-Ray-Matter Interaction and Damage of Inorganic Solids October 10, 2008

Ultrafast X-Ray-Matter Interaction and Damage of Inorganic Solids October 10, 2008 Ultrafast X-Ray-Matter Interaction and Damage of Inorganic Solids October 10, 2008 Richard London rlondon@llnl.gov Workshop on Interaction of Free Electron Laser Radiation with Matter Hamburg This work

More information

4 FEL Physics. Technical Synopsis

4 FEL Physics. Technical Synopsis 4 FEL Physics Technical Synopsis This chapter presents an introduction to the Free Electron Laser (FEL) physics and the general requirements on the electron beam parameters in order to support FEL lasing

More information

Transverse Coherence Properties of the LCLS X-ray Beam

Transverse Coherence Properties of the LCLS X-ray Beam LCLS-TN-06-13 Transverse Coherence Properties of the LCLS X-ray Beam S. Reiche, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA October 31, 2006 Abstract Self-amplifying spontaneous radiation free-electron lasers, such

More information

X-Ray Diagnostics Commissioning at the LCLS

X-Ray Diagnostics Commissioning at the LCLS X-Ray Diagnostics Commissioning at the LCLS - Selected Studies - J. Welch, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Aug. 3-27, 2010 Commissioning Studies Microbunching Instability Laser Heater tune-up Gas

More information

EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS

EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS Chapter 7 EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET AND SOFT X-RAY LASERS Hot dense plasma lasing medium d θ λ λ Visible laser pump Ch07_00VG.ai The Processes of Absorption, Spontaneous Emission, and Stimulated Emission Absorption

More information

CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF A SELF-SEEDING SCHEME AT FLASH2

CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF A SELF-SEEDING SCHEME AT FLASH2 CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF A SELF-SEEDING SCHEME AT FLASH2 T. Plath, L. L. Lazzarino, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany K. E. Hacker, T.U. Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Abstract We present a conceptual study

More information

SASE FEL PULSE DURATION ANALYSIS FROM SPECTRAL CORRELATION FUNCTION

SASE FEL PULSE DURATION ANALYSIS FROM SPECTRAL CORRELATION FUNCTION SASE FEL PULSE DURATION ANALYSIS FROM SPECTRAL CORRELATION FUNCTION Shanghai, 4. August. Alberto Lutman Jacek Krzywinski, Yuantao Ding, Yiping Feng, Juhao Wu, Zhirong Huang, Marc Messerschmidt X-ray pulse

More information

The European XFEL in Hamburg: Status and beamlines design

The European XFEL in Hamburg: Status and beamlines design UVX 2010 (2011) 63 67 DOI: 10.1051/uvx/2011009 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2011 The European XFEL in Hamburg: Status and beamlines design J. Gaudin, H. Sinn and Th. Tschentscher

More information

Transient-gain photoionization x-ray laser

Transient-gain photoionization x-ray laser PHYSICAL REVIEW A 90, 063828 (2014) Transient-gain photoionization x-ray laser Clemens Weninger and Nina Rohringer Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany and Center

More information

LASER. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

LASER. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Laser Fundamentals The light emitted from a laser is monochromatic, that is, it is of one color/wavelength. In contrast, ordinary white light

More information

Short Wavelength Regenerative Amplifier FELs (RAFELs)

Short Wavelength Regenerative Amplifier FELs (RAFELs) Short Wavelength Regenerative Amplifier FELs (RAFELs) Neil Thompson, David Dunning ASTeC, Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington UK Brian McNeil Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK Jaap Karssenberg & Peter van

More information

Free-electron laser SACLA and its basic. Yuji Otake, on behalf of the members of XFEL R&D division RIKEN SPring-8 Center

Free-electron laser SACLA and its basic. Yuji Otake, on behalf of the members of XFEL R&D division RIKEN SPring-8 Center Free-electron laser SACLA and its basic Yuji Otake, on behalf of the members of XFEL R&D division RIKEN SPring-8 Center Light and Its Wavelength, Sizes of Material Virus Mosquito Protein Bacteria Atom

More information

Supplemental material for Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold

Supplemental material for Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold Supplemental material for Bound electron nonlinearity beyond the ionization threshold 1. Experimental setup The laser used in the experiments is a λ=800 nm Ti:Sapphire amplifier producing 42 fs, 10 mj

More information

Visualization of Xe and Sn Atoms Generated from Laser-Produced Plasma for EUV Light Source

Visualization of Xe and Sn Atoms Generated from Laser-Produced Plasma for EUV Light Source 3rd International EUVL Symposium NOVEMBER 1-4, 2004 Miyazaki, Japan Visualization of Xe and Sn Atoms Generated from Laser-Produced Plasma for EUV Light Source H. Tanaka, A. Matsumoto, K. Akinaga, A. Takahashi

More information

Linac Based Photon Sources: XFELS. Coherence Properties. J. B. Hastings. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

Linac Based Photon Sources: XFELS. Coherence Properties. J. B. Hastings. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Linac Based Photon Sources: XFELS Coherence Properties J. B. Hastings Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Coherent Synchrotron Radiation coherent power N 6 10 9 incoherent

More information

Coherence properties of the radiation from SASE FEL

Coherence properties of the radiation from SASE FEL CERN Accelerator School: Free Electron Lasers and Energy Recovery Linacs (FELs and ERLs), 31 May 10 June, 2016 Coherence properties of the radiation from SASE FEL M.V. Yurkov DESY, Hamburg I. Start-up

More information

X-ray Free-electron Lasers

X-ray Free-electron Lasers X-ray Free-electron Lasers Ultra-fast Dynamic Imaging of Matter II Ischia, Italy, 4/30-5/3/ 2009 Claudio Pellegrini UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy Outline 1. Present status of X-ray free-electron

More information

Richard Miles and Arthur Dogariu. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA

Richard Miles and Arthur Dogariu. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA Richard Miles and Arthur Dogariu Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA Workshop on Oxygen Plasma Kinetics Sept 20, 2016 Financial support: ONR and MetroLaser

More information

FEL SIMULATION AND PERFORMANCE STUDIES FOR LCLS-II

FEL SIMULATION AND PERFORMANCE STUDIES FOR LCLS-II FEL SIMULATION AND PERFORMANCE STUDIES FOR LCLS-II G. Marcus, Y. Ding, P. Emma, Z. Huang, T. Raubenheimer, L. Wang, J. Wu SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 9, USA Abstract The design and performance of the LCLS-II

More information

AMO physics with LCLS

AMO physics with LCLS AMO physics with LCLS Phil Bucksbaum Director, Stanford PULSE Center SLAC Strong fields for x-rays LCLS experimental program Experimental capabilities End-station layout PULSE Ultrafast X-ray Summer June

More information

Brightness and Coherence of Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Lasers. Zhirong Huang SLAC, Stanford University May 13, 2013

Brightness and Coherence of Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Lasers. Zhirong Huang SLAC, Stanford University May 13, 2013 Brightness and Coherence of Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Lasers Zhirong Huang SLAC, Stanford University May 13, 2013 Introduction GE synchrotron (1946) opened a new era of accelerator-based

More information

SPARCLAB. Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton. On behalf of SPARCLAB collaboration

SPARCLAB. Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton. On behalf of SPARCLAB collaboration SPARCLAB Source For Plasma Accelerators and Radiation Compton with Laser And Beam On behalf of SPARCLAB collaboration EMITTANCE X X X X X X X X 2 BRIGHTNESS (electrons) B n 2I nx ny A m 2 rad 2 The current

More information

Vertical Polarization Option for LCLS-II. Abstract

Vertical Polarization Option for LCLS-II. Abstract SLAC National Accelerator Lab LCLS-II TN-5-8 March 5 Vertical Polarization Option for LCLS-II G. Marcus, T. Raubenheimer SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 95 G. Penn LBNL, Berkeley, CA 97 Abstract Vertically polarized

More information

Radiation Safety at LCLS: The Photon Beam s Maximum Capability and Material Damage Potential

Radiation Safety at LCLS: The Photon Beam s Maximum Capability and Material Damage Potential SLAC-PUB-15708 August 2013 Radiation Safety at LCLS: The Photon Beam s Maximum Capability and Material Damage Potential J.M. Bauer *1, J.C. Liu 1, A.A. Prinz 2, and S.H. Rokni 1 1 Radiation Protection

More information

Check the LCLS Project website to verify 2 of 6 that this is the correct version prior to use.

Check the LCLS Project website to verify 2 of 6 that this is the correct version prior to use. 1. Introduction The XTOD Offset Systems are designed to spatially separate the useful FEL radiation from high-energy spontaneous radiation and Bremsstrahlung γ-rays. These unwanted radiations are generated

More information

Detection of X-Rays. Solid state detectors Proportional counters Microcalorimeters Detector characteristics

Detection of X-Rays. Solid state detectors Proportional counters Microcalorimeters Detector characteristics Detection of X-Rays Solid state detectors Proportional counters Microcalorimeters Detector characteristics Solid State X-ray Detectors X-ray interacts in material to produce photoelectrons which are collected

More information

Expected properties of the radiation from VUV-FEL / femtosecond mode of operation / E.L. Saldin, E.A. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov

Expected properties of the radiation from VUV-FEL / femtosecond mode of operation / E.L. Saldin, E.A. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov Expected properties of the radiation from VUV-FEL / femtosecond mode of operation / E.L. Saldin, E.A. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov TESLA Collaboration Meeting, September 6-8, 2004 Experience from TTF FEL,

More information

Diagnostic Systems for Characterizing Electron Sources at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY, Zeuthen site

Diagnostic Systems for Characterizing Electron Sources at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY, Zeuthen site 1 Diagnostic Systems for Characterizing Electron Sources at the Photo Injector Test Facility at DESY, Zeuthen site Sakhorn Rimjaem (on behalf of the PITZ team) Motivation Photo Injector Test Facility at

More information

Construction of a 100-TW laser and its applications in EUV laser, wakefield accelerator, and nonlinear optics

Construction of a 100-TW laser and its applications in EUV laser, wakefield accelerator, and nonlinear optics Construction of a 100-TW laser and its applications in EUV laser, wakefield accelerator, and nonlinear optics Jyhpyng Wang ( ) Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica, Taiwan National

More information

Two-Stage Chirped-Beam SASE-FEL for High Power Femtosecond X-Ray Pulse Generation

Two-Stage Chirped-Beam SASE-FEL for High Power Femtosecond X-Ray Pulse Generation Two-Stage Chirped-Beam SASE-FEL for High ower Femtosecond X-Ray ulse Generation C. Schroeder*, J. Arthur^,. Emma^, S. Reiche*, and C. ellegrini* ^ Stanford Linear Accelerator Center * UCLA 12-10-2001 LCLS-TAC

More information

The MID instrument.

The MID instrument. The MID instrument International Workshop on the Materials Imaging and Dynamics Instrument at the European XFEL Grenoble, Oct 28/29, 2009 Thomas Tschentscher thomas.tschentscher@xfel.eu Outline 2 History

More information

Developments for the FEL user facility

Developments for the FEL user facility Developments for the FEL user facility J. Feldhaus HASYLAB at DESY, Hamburg, Germany Design and construction has started for the FEL user facility including the radiation transport to the experimental

More information

Laser heating of noble gas droplet sprays: EUV source efficiency considerations

Laser heating of noble gas droplet sprays: EUV source efficiency considerations Laser heating of noble gas droplet sprays: EUV source efficiency considerations S.J. McNaught, J. Fan, E. Parra and H.M. Milchberg Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College

More information

Undulator radiation from electrons randomly distributed in a bunch

Undulator radiation from electrons randomly distributed in a bunch Undulator radiation from electrons randomly distributed in a bunch Normally z el >> N u 1 Chaotic light Spectral property is the same as that of a single electron /=1/N u Temporal phase space area z ~(/

More information

UV laser pulse temporal profile requirements for the LCLS injector - Part I - Fourier Transform limit for a temporal zero slope flattop

UV laser pulse temporal profile requirements for the LCLS injector - Part I - Fourier Transform limit for a temporal zero slope flattop UV laser pulse temporal profile requirements for the LCLS injector - Part I - Fourier Transform limit for a temporal zero slope flattop C. Limborg-Deprey and P.R. Bolton, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center,

More information

Laserphysik. Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu. Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik

Laserphysik. Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu. Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik Laserphysik Prof. Yong Lei & Dr. Yang Xu Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik, Institut für Physik Contact: yong.lei@tu-ilmenau.de; yang.xu@tu-ilmenau.de Office: Heisenbergbau V 202, Unterpörlitzer Straße

More information

The SCSS test accelerator Free-Electron Laser seeded by harmonics produced in gas

The SCSS test accelerator Free-Electron Laser seeded by harmonics produced in gas UVX 2008 (2009) 85 91 C EDP Sciences, 2009 DOI: 10.1051/uvx/2009014 The SCSS test accelerator Free-Electron Laser seeded by harmonics produced in gas G. Lambert 1,T.Hara 2, T. Tanikawa 3, D. Garzella 4,

More information

Intrinsic beam emittance of laser-accelerated electrons measured by x-ray spectroscopic imaging

Intrinsic beam emittance of laser-accelerated electrons measured by x-ray spectroscopic imaging Intrinsic beam emittance of laser-accelerated electrons measured by x-ray spectroscopic imaging G. Golovin 1, S. Banerjee 1, C. Liu 1, S. Chen 1, J. Zhang 1, B. Zhao 1, P. Zhang 1, M. Veale 2, M. Wilson

More information

Observation of Coherent Optical Transition Radiation in the LCLS Linac

Observation of Coherent Optical Transition Radiation in the LCLS Linac Observation of Coherent Optical Transition Radiation in the LCLS Linac Henrik Loos, Ron Akre, Franz-Josef Decker, Yuantao Ding, David Dowell, Paul Emma,, Sasha Gilevich, Gregory R. Hays, Philippe Hering,

More information

VARIABLE GAP UNDULATOR FOR KEV FREE ELECTRON LASER AT LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE

VARIABLE GAP UNDULATOR FOR KEV FREE ELECTRON LASER AT LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE LCLS-TN-10-1, January, 2010 VARIABLE GAP UNDULATOR FOR 1.5-48 KEV FREE ELECTRON LASER AT LINAC COHERENT LIGHT SOURCE C. Pellegrini, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA J. Wu, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, USA We study

More information

Hiromitsu TOMIZAWA XFEL Division /SPring-8

Hiromitsu TOMIZAWA XFEL Division /SPring-8 TUPLB10 (Poster: TUPB080) Non-destructive Real-time Monitor to measure 3D- Bunch Charge Distribution with Arrival Timing to maximize 3D-overlapping for HHG-seeded EUV-FEL Hiromitsu TOMIZAWA XFEL Division

More information

EE485 Introduction to Photonics

EE485 Introduction to Photonics Pattern formed by fluorescence of quantum dots EE485 Introduction to Photonics Photon and Laser Basics 1. Photon properties 2. Laser basics 3. Characteristics of laser beams Reading: Pedrotti 3, Sec. 1.2,

More information

Ultrafast x-ray-matter interaction at LCLS Optics design, photon diagnostics, and imaging

Ultrafast x-ray-matter interaction at LCLS Optics design, photon diagnostics, and imaging Ultrafast x-ray-matter interaction at LCLS Optics design, photon diagnostics, and imaging Stefan P. Hau-Riege Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory hauriege1@llnl.gov Advanced Instrumentation Seminar

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:1.138/nature1878 I. Experimental setup OPA, DFG Ti:Sa Oscillator, Amplifier PD U DC U Analyzer HV Energy analyzer MCP PS CCD Polarizer UHV Figure S1: Experimental setup used in mid infrared photoemission

More information

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)

X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) Louis Scudiero http://www.wsu.edu/~scudiero; 5-2669 Fulmer 261A Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) The basic principle of the photoelectric effect

More information

LASER-COMPTON SCATTERING AS A POTENTIAL BRIGHT X-RAY SOURCE

LASER-COMPTON SCATTERING AS A POTENTIAL BRIGHT X-RAY SOURCE Copyright(C)JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data 2003, Advances in X-ray Analysis, Vol.46 74 ISSN 1097-0002 LASER-COMPTON SCATTERING AS A POTENTIAL BRIGHT X-RAY SOURCE K. Chouffani 1, D. Wells

More information

Ultrafast Single-Shot X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design. Katherine Spoth

Ultrafast Single-Shot X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design. Katherine Spoth Ultrafast Single-Shot X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design Katherine Spoth O ce of Science, Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) State University of New York at Bu alo SLAC National Accelerator

More information

Generation and characterization of ultra-short electron and x-ray x pulses

Generation and characterization of ultra-short electron and x-ray x pulses Generation and characterization of ultra-short electron and x-ray x pulses Zhirong Huang (SLAC) Compact XFEL workshop July 19-20, 2010, Shanghai, China Ultra-bright Promise of XFELs Ultra-fast LCLS Methods

More information

Femto-second FEL Generation with Very Low Charge at LCLS

Femto-second FEL Generation with Very Low Charge at LCLS Femto-second FEL Generation with Very Low Charge at LCLS Yuantao Ding, For the LCLS commissioning team X-ray Science at the Femtosecond to Attosecond Frontier workshop May 18-20, 2009, UCLA SLAC-PUB-13525;

More information

LASER. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

LASER. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Energy Level, Definitions The valence band is the highest filled band The conduction band is the next higher empty band The energy gap has

More information

Appendix A Detector Calibration

Appendix A Detector Calibration Appix A Detector Calibration The scattering pattern from single clusters analyzed in Sect. 3.5 have been obtained with a large area detector which allows for spatially resolved measurement of the scattered

More information

Single Emitter Detection with Fluorescence and Extinction Spectroscopy

Single Emitter Detection with Fluorescence and Extinction Spectroscopy Single Emitter Detection with Fluorescence and Extinction Spectroscopy Michael Krall Elements of Nanophotonics Associated Seminar Recent Progress in Nanooptics & Photonics May 07, 2009 Outline Single molecule

More information

Opportunities and Challenges for X

Opportunities and Challenges for X Opportunities and Challenges for X -ray Free Electron Lasers for X-ray Ultrafast Science J. Hastings Stanford Linear Accelerator Center June 22, 2004 European XFEL Laboratory How Short is short? defined

More information

External (differential) quantum efficiency Number of additional photons emitted / number of additional electrons injected

External (differential) quantum efficiency Number of additional photons emitted / number of additional electrons injected Semiconductor Lasers Comparison with LEDs The light emitted by a laser is generally more directional, more intense and has a narrower frequency distribution than light from an LED. The external efficiency

More information

Because light behaves like a wave, we can describe it in one of two ways by its wavelength or by its frequency.

Because light behaves like a wave, we can describe it in one of two ways by its wavelength or by its frequency. Light We can use different terms to describe light: Color Wavelength Frequency Light is composed of electromagnetic waves that travel through some medium. The properties of the medium determine how light

More information

Emittance and Quantum Efficiency Measurements from a 1.6 cell S- Band Photocathode RF Gun with Mg Cathode *

Emittance and Quantum Efficiency Measurements from a 1.6 cell S- Band Photocathode RF Gun with Mg Cathode * LCLS-TN-4-3 SLAC PUB 763 September, 4 Emittance and Quantum Efficiency Measurements from a.6 cell S- Band Photocathode RF Gun with Mg Cathode * J.F. Schmerge, J.M. Castro, J.E. Clendenin, D.H. Dowell,

More information

LCLS-II SCRF start-to-end simulations and global optimization as of September Abstract

LCLS-II SCRF start-to-end simulations and global optimization as of September Abstract SLAC National Accelerator Lab LCLS-II TN-17-4 February 217 LCLS-II SCRF start-to-end simulations and global optimization as of September 216 G. Marcus SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 9425 J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley,

More information

Astronomy 203 practice final examination

Astronomy 203 practice final examination Astronomy 203 practice final examination Fall 1999 If this were a real, in-class examination, you would be reminded here of the exam rules, which are as follows: You may consult only one page of formulas

More information

Research with Synchrotron Radiation. Part I

Research with Synchrotron Radiation. Part I Research with Synchrotron Radiation Part I Ralf Röhlsberger Generation and properties of synchrotron radiation Radiation sources at DESY Synchrotron Radiation Sources at DESY DORIS III 38 beamlines XFEL

More information

Inner-shell photo-ionisation x-ray lasing

Inner-shell photo-ionisation x-ray lasing UVX 2010 (2011) 83 89 DOI: 10.1051/uvx/2011012 C Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2011 Inner-shell photo-ionisation x-ray lasing S. Jacquemot 1,2, M. Ribière 3, A. Rousse 4, S. Sebban 4

More information

Some Topics in Optics

Some Topics in Optics Some Topics in Optics The HeNe LASER The index of refraction and dispersion Interference The Michelson Interferometer Diffraction Wavemeter Fabry-Pérot Etalon and Interferometer The Helium Neon LASER A

More information

Experimental study of nonlinear laser-beam Thomson scattering

Experimental study of nonlinear laser-beam Thomson scattering Experimental study of nonlinear laser-beam Thomson scattering T. Kumita, Y. Kamiya, T. Hirose Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan I.

More information

Short Pulse, Low charge Operation of the LCLS. Josef Frisch for the LCLS Commissioning Team

Short Pulse, Low charge Operation of the LCLS. Josef Frisch for the LCLS Commissioning Team Short Pulse, Low charge Operation of the LCLS Josef Frisch for the LCLS Commissioning Team 1 Normal LCLS Parameters First Lasing in April 10, 2009 Beam to AMO experiment August 18 2009. Expect first user

More information

Elimination of X-Ray Diffraction through Stimulated X-Ray Transmission

Elimination of X-Ray Diffraction through Stimulated X-Ray Transmission SLAC-R-169 Elimination of X-Ray Diffraction through Stimulated X-Ray Transmission B. Wu, 1 T. Wang, C. E. Graves, 1 D. Zhu, 3 W. F. Schlotter, 3 J. Turner, 3 O. Hellwig, Z. Chen, 5 H. A. Dürr, 3 A. Scherz,

More information

Evaluation at the intermediate focus for EUV Light Source

Evaluation at the intermediate focus for EUV Light Source Evaluation at the intermediate focus for EUV Light Source Takashi Suganuma, Georg Soumagne, Masato Moriya, Tamotsu Abe, Akira Sumitani, Akira Endo Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography System Development Association

More information

Simulations of the IR/THz Options at PITZ (High-gain FEL and CTR)

Simulations of the IR/THz Options at PITZ (High-gain FEL and CTR) Case Study of IR/THz source for Pump-Probe Experiment at the European XFEL Simulations of the IR/THz Options at PITZ (High-gain FEL and CTR) Introduction Outline Simulations of High-gain FEL (SASE) Simulation

More information

Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL

Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL E. Schneidmiller and M. Yurkov FEL seminar, DESY Hamburg June 21, 2016 In a planar undulator (K ~ 1 or K >1) the odd harmonics can be radiated on-axis (widely used in SR

More information

X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design with Single-Shot. Pump-Probe and Resonant Excitation Capabilities. Katherine Spoth

X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design with Single-Shot. Pump-Probe and Resonant Excitation Capabilities. Katherine Spoth X-Ray Emission Spectrometer Design with Single-Shot Pump-Probe and Resonant Excitation Capabilities Katherine Spoth Office of Science, Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) State University

More information

PIC simulations of laser interactions with solid targets

PIC simulations of laser interactions with solid targets PIC simulations of laser interactions with solid targets J. Limpouch, O. Klimo Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Břehová 7, Praha 1, Czech Republic

More information

FURTHER UNDERSTANDING THE LCLS INJECTOR EMITTANCE*

FURTHER UNDERSTANDING THE LCLS INJECTOR EMITTANCE* Proceedings of FEL014, Basel, Switzerland FURTHER UNDERSTANDING THE LCLS INJECTOR EMITTANCE* F. Zhou, K. Bane, Y. Ding, Z. Huang, and H. Loos, SLAC, Menlo Park, CA 9405, USA Abstract Coherent optical transition

More information

Detecting high energy photons. Interactions of photons with matter Properties of detectors (with examples)

Detecting high energy photons. Interactions of photons with matter Properties of detectors (with examples) Detecting high energy photons Interactions of photons with matter Properties of detectors (with examples) Interactions of high energy photons with matter Cross section/attenution length/optical depth Photoelectric

More information

Spectroscopy with Free Electron Lasers. David Bernstein SASS Talk January 28 th, 2009

Spectroscopy with Free Electron Lasers. David Bernstein SASS Talk January 28 th, 2009 Spectroscopy with Free Electron Lasers David Bernstein SASS Talk January 28 th, 2009 Overview Who am I?! What is FLASH?! The promise of Free Electron Lasers (FELs) The Trouble with Spectroscopy Sample

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS2397 Strong-field physics with singular light beams M. Zürch, C. Kern, P. Hansinger, A. Dreischuh, and Ch. Spielmann Supplementary Information S.1 Spectrometric

More information

Free Electron Laser. Project report: Synchrotron radiation. Sadaf Jamil Rana

Free Electron Laser. Project report: Synchrotron radiation. Sadaf Jamil Rana Free Electron Laser Project report: Synchrotron radiation By Sadaf Jamil Rana History of Free-Electron Laser (FEL) The FEL is the result of many years of theoretical and experimental work on the generation

More information

Generation of surface electrons in femtosecond laser-solid interactions

Generation of surface electrons in femtosecond laser-solid interactions Science in China: Series G Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy 2006 Vol.49 No.3 335 340 335 DOI: 10.1007/s11433-006-0335-5 Generation of surface electrons in femtosecond laser-solid interactions XU Miaohua

More information

Performance Metrics of Future Light Sources. Robert Hettel, SLAC ICFA FLS 2010 March 1, 2010

Performance Metrics of Future Light Sources. Robert Hettel, SLAC ICFA FLS 2010 March 1, 2010 Performance Metrics of Future Light Sources Robert Hettel, SLAC ICFA FLS 2010 March 1, 2010 http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/aboutssrl/documents/future-x-rays-09.pdf special acknowledgment to John Corlett,

More information

Beam manipulation with high energy laser in accelerator-based light sources

Beam manipulation with high energy laser in accelerator-based light sources Beam manipulation with high energy laser in accelerator-based light sources Ming-Chang Chou High Brightness Injector Group FEL winter school, Jan. 29 ~ Feb. 2, 2018 Outline I. Laser basic II. III. IV.

More information

Transverse emittance measurements on an S-band photocathode rf electron gun * Abstract

Transverse emittance measurements on an S-band photocathode rf electron gun * Abstract SLAC PUB 8963 LCLS-01-06 October 2001 Transverse emittance measurements on an S-band photocathode rf electron gun * J.F. Schmerge, P.R. Bolton, J.E. Clendenin, F.-J. Decker, D.H. Dowell, S.M. Gierman,

More information

Inline Spectrometer as Permanent Optics at the X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy Instrument to Support Seeding Operation

Inline Spectrometer as Permanent Optics at the X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy Instrument to Support Seeding Operation Inline Spectrometer as Permanent Optics at the X-ray Correlation Spectroscopy Instrument to Support Seeding Operation Amber L. Gray Office of Science, Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI)

More information

Laser-driven undulator source

Laser-driven undulator source Laser-driven undulator source Matthias Fuchs, R. Weingartner, A.Maier, B. Zeitler, S. Becker, D. Habs and F. Grüner Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München A.Popp, Zs. Major, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, G.

More information

Introduction to electron and photon beam physics. Zhirong Huang SLAC and Stanford University

Introduction to electron and photon beam physics. Zhirong Huang SLAC and Stanford University Introduction to electron and photon beam physics Zhirong Huang SLAC and Stanford University August 03, 2015 Lecture Plan Electron beams (1.5 hrs) Photon or radiation beams (1 hr) References: 1. J. D. Jackson,

More information

X-Rays From Laser Plasmas

X-Rays From Laser Plasmas X-Rays From Laser Plasmas Generation and Applications I. C. E. TURCU CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK and J. B. DANCE JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester New York Weinheim Brisbane Singapore Toronto Contents

More information

E-157: A Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment

E-157: A Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment SLAC-PUB-8656 October 2 E-157: A Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment P. Muggli et al. Invited talk presented at the 2th International Linac Conference (Linac 2), 8/21/2 8/25/2, Monterey, CA, USA Stanford

More information

Observation of Ultra-Wide Bandwidth SASE FEL

Observation of Ultra-Wide Bandwidth SASE FEL Observation of Ultra-Wide Bandwidth SASE FEL Gerard Andonian Particle Beam Physics Laboratory University of California Los Angeles The Physics and Applications of High Brightness Electron Beams Erice,

More information

EUV lithography and Source Technology

EUV lithography and Source Technology EUV lithography and Source Technology History and Present Akira Endo Hilase Project 22. September 2017 EXTATIC, Prague Optical wavelength and EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) VIS 13.5nm 92eV Characteristics of

More information

X-ray optics for the LCLS free-electron laser

X-ray optics for the LCLS free-electron laser UCRL-PRES-433855 X-ray optics for the LCLS free-electron laser Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 2010 International Workshop on EUV Sources, University College Dublin, Ireland 14 November, 2010 This

More information

Laser induced fluorescence

Laser induced fluorescence Report experiment 1 by 4-7 February 22, id#471917 Summary Several measurements are made around laser induced fluorescence (LIF). First the system was calibrated. The resolution of the spectrograph was

More information

Layout of the HHG seeding experiment at FLASH

Layout of the HHG seeding experiment at FLASH Layout of the HHG seeding experiment at FLASH V. Miltchev on behalf of the sflash team: A. Azima, J. Bödewadt, H. Delsim-Hashemi, M. Drescher, S. Düsterer, J. Feldhaus, R. Ischebeck, S. Khan, T. Laarmann

More information

First operation of a Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL

First operation of a Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL First operation of a Harmonic Lasing Self-Seeded FEL E. Schneidmiller and M. Yurkov ICFA workshop, Arcidosso, Italy, 22.09.2017 Outline Harmonic lasing Harmonic lasing self-seeded (HLSS) FEL Experiments

More information

THz field strength larger than MV/cm generated in organic crystal

THz field strength larger than MV/cm generated in organic crystal SwissFEL Wir schaffen Wissen heute für morgen 1 2 C. Vicario 1, R. Clemens 1 and C. P. Hauri 1,2 THz field strength larger than MV/cm generated in organic crystal 10/16/12 Workshop on High Field THz science

More information

Chemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 5. Chem 4631

Chemistry Instrumental Analysis Lecture 5. Chem 4631 Chemistry 4631 Instrumental Analysis Lecture 5 Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation High Intensities Narrow Bandwidths Coherent Outputs Applications CD/DVD Readers Fiber Optics Spectroscopy

More information

R&D experiments at BNL to address the associated issues in the Cascading HGHG scheme

R&D experiments at BNL to address the associated issues in the Cascading HGHG scheme R&D experiments at BNL to address the associated issues in the Cascading HGHG scheme Li Hua Yu for DUV-FEL Team National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory FEL2004 Outline The DUVFEL

More information

Generating intense attosecond x-ray pulses using ultraviolet-laser-induced microbunching in electron beams. Abstract

Generating intense attosecond x-ray pulses using ultraviolet-laser-induced microbunching in electron beams. Abstract Febrary 2009 SLAC-PUB-13533 Generating intense attosecond x-ray pulses using ultraviolet-laser-induced microbunching in electron beams D. Xiang, Z. Huang and G. Stupakov SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,

More information

Nonlinear Optics (WiSe 2015/16) Lecture 12: January 15, 2016

Nonlinear Optics (WiSe 2015/16) Lecture 12: January 15, 2016 Nonlinear Optics (WiSe 2015/16) Lecture 12: January 15, 2016 12 High Harmonic Generation 12.1 Atomic units 12.2 The three step model 12.2.1 Ionization 12.2.2 Propagation 12.2.3 Recombination 12.3 Attosecond

More information

PB I FEL Gas-Monitor Detectors for FEL Online Photon Beam Diagnostics BESSY

PB I FEL Gas-Monitor Detectors for FEL Online Photon Beam Diagnostics BESSY FEL 2004 Gas-Monitor Detectors for FEL Online Photon Beam Diagnostics M. Richter S.V. Bobashev, J. Feldhaus A. Gottwald, U. Hahn A.A. Sorokin, K. Tiedtke BESSY PTB s Radiometry Laboratory at BESSY II 1

More information

Lecture 0. NC State University

Lecture 0. NC State University Chemistry 736 Lecture 0 Overview NC State University Overview of Spectroscopy Electronic states and energies Transitions between states Absorption and emission Electronic spectroscopy Instrumentation Concepts

More information

Femtosecond X-ray Pulse Temporal Characterization in Free-Electron Lasers Using a Transverse Deflector. Abstract

Femtosecond X-ray Pulse Temporal Characterization in Free-Electron Lasers Using a Transverse Deflector. Abstract SLAC PUB 14534 September 2011 Femtosecond X-ray Pulse Temporal Characterization in Free-Electron Lasers Using a Transverse Deflector Y. Ding 1, C. Behrens 2, P. Emma 1, J. Frisch 1, Z. Huang 1, H. Loos

More information

Experiment 3 1. The Michelson Interferometer and the He- Ne Laser Physics 2150 Experiment No. 3 University of Colorado

Experiment 3 1. The Michelson Interferometer and the He- Ne Laser Physics 2150 Experiment No. 3 University of Colorado Experiment 3 1 Introduction The Michelson Interferometer and the He- Ne Laser Physics 2150 Experiment No. 3 University of Colorado The Michelson interferometer is one example of an optical interferometer.

More information

Comparison of FLUKA and STAC8 for shielding calculations of the hard X-ray line of the LCLS

Comparison of FLUKA and STAC8 for shielding calculations of the hard X-ray line of the LCLS SLAC RADIATION PHYSICS NOTE RP-08-11 September 23, 2008 Comparison of FLUKA and STAC8 for shielding calculations of the hard X-ray line of the LCLS J. Vollaire, A. Prinz Radiation Protection Department,

More information