Vyda Elena Gasiūnienė Deputy director. LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS September 2007, Tallinn)

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1 Vyda Elena Gasiūnienė Deputy director LITHUANIAN MINERAL RESOURCES AND THEIR USAGE: TODAY, FUTURE AND PROBLEMS (16-20 )

2 Basic data Area 65,3 sq.km Length of the Inland borders 1747 km with in: Latvia 610 km Belarus 724 km Poland 110 km Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation 303 km Coastline 99 km From east to west 373 km From north to south 267 km Population density - ~56 per sq.km

3 Population, (mlrd). Period, year Consumed amount of mineral resources 1,5 till ,5-3, ,0-6,

4 Increase of extraction is related with: Technological progress and progress in science Growing number of the population in the world Efforts to maintain the standard of living

5 Extractive activity Public concern How to satisfy a demand for mineral resources? How to mitigate or avoid the impact of extractive industry on the environment? Mineral resources are depleting both in the country and in the world... What will be with our descendants?

6 The framework, called sustainable development, has goals: Economic prosperity Environmental health Social equity for societies equal opportunities for our generation and for our descendants

7 The sustainable management of mineral resources implies: sound geological knowledge; harmonization of national legislation concerning access to mineral extraction and globalization of the resource market, irrespective of world s political and state arrangement; proper implementation and strict enforcement of legislation; preparation of regional sustainable development plans, development of strategies at regional and transnational levels; providing educational awareness to the problems of living and working in environmentally sensitive areas (in our case peatlands are sensitive areas); sharing the experience of mining industry (which operates under strict environmental requirements and BAT); communicating with the local community (i.e. bridge from emotion to knowledge).

8 Pyramid of the world raw materials amount of annual extraction (2000, thousand tons, gas mln. cub. m) (according to F.W.Velmer)

9 Pyramid of the world raw materials value of annual extraction (2000, mln. ) (according to F.W.Velmer)

10 MINERAL RESOURCES MAP OF LITHUANIA, Scale 1:

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12 LITHUANIA S S MINERAL RESOURCES DEPOSITS AND AREAS, deposits: Resources explored in detail 33% 49% 990 deposits: Resources explored in general 367 deposits under exploitation with in: 227 gravel 58 sand 373 areas: Prognostic reserves 18% 51 peat 12 oil 8 clay 4 dolomite 3 limestone 2 sapropel 1 chalky marl 1 opoka In total: 2024 deposits and areas are investigated

13 USE OF MINERAL RESOURCES, 2006 Number of enterprises Peat Number of Oil 12 4 Clay 8 7 Dolomite 4 Sapropel 2 Limestone 3 Chalky marl 1 Opoka deposits under the use 367 Gravel, sand 285 * 15 enterprises use 15 deposits of mineral water

14 Mineralinių išteklių apmokestinimo tarifai / Taxation rates of mineral resources (pagal LR mokesčio už valstybinius gamtos išteklius įstatymą) / (according Law on State mineral resources taxes of Republic of Lithuania) Tyrimai buvo finansuoti / Investigations was financed Ištekliai / Resources iš valstybės biudžeto / from state budget naudotojo / customer s means Lt / m 3 Euro / m 3 Lt / m 3 Euro / m 3 Anhidritas / Anhydrite 1,52 0,44 1,34 0,39 Dolomitas / Dolomite 0,65 0,19 0,59 0,17 Durpės / Peat: mažaskaidės / low-decomposed 0,54 0,16 0,48 0,14 kitos / other 0,20 0,06 0,14 0,04 Gintaras / Amber * 34,9 10,11 34,8 10,08 Klintis / Limestone 1,73 0,50 1,60 0,46 Kreidos mergelis / Chalky marl 1,13 0,33 1,00 0,29 Molis / Clay: devono periodo / devonian period 0,98 0,28 0,92 0,27 triaso periodo / triasic period 0,65 0,19 0,54 0,16 kitas / other 0,39 0,11 0,33 0,10 Opoka / Opoka 0,90 0,26 0,80 0,23 Sapropelis / Sapropel 0,85 0,25 0,79 0,23 Smėlis moliui liesinti / Sand for ceramic products 0,33 0,10 0,27 0,09 Smėlis stiklui gaminti / Glas-making sand 2,00 0,58 1,70 0,49 Smėlis silikatiniams dirbiniams / Sand for silicate products 0,30 0,09 0,24 0,07 Kitas smėlis / Other sand 0,25 0,07 0,19 0,05 Žvyras / Gravel 0,30 0,09 0,24 0,07 * Euro per kg

15 Mokesčiai į biudžet etą už valstybinių gamtos (žem( emės s gelmių) išteklių sunaudojimą (mln. litų) Naudingoji iškasena Nafta 22,2 11,2 43,7 82,5 88,6 58,1 43,8 30,8 35 Gėlas vanduo ~13 ~9,9 ~9,6 ~10,3 ~15,4 12,2 10,0 ~10,1 ~ 9 Kietosios naudingosios iškasenos + mineralinis vanduo ~4,3 ~4,7 ~5,0 ~5,0 5,4 5,5 6,0 ~7,0 ~8 Iš viso 39,5 25,8 58,3 97,8 109,4 75,7 75,7 59,8 47,9 52

16 Extraction of solid mineral resources (without oil and peat) tūkst.kub.m / thsd.cub.m metai years Peat extraction Oil extraction tūkst. t Bendra durpių gavyba tūkst.t Išžvalgyti išgaunamieji naftos ištekliai Naftos gavyba iš jų šviesių Amount of explored resources ,7 230,6 494,8 293,3 386,5 230, metai , , , , , , , , , , metai

17 Structure of extracted mineral resources (thous. cub.m), 2006 Gravel, sand ,6% Oil 226 1,7% Clay 342 2,6% Limestone 872 6,6% Peat ,5% Dolomite ,0% In total thous.cub.m

18 Structure of extracted mineral resources (thous. cub.m), 2006 Gravel, sand ,9% In total thous.cub.m (* thous.t) Oil 226 1,9% Clay 342 2,9% Peat 386* 3,3% Limestone 872 7,4% Dolomite ,6%

19 All mineral commodities, with the exception of oil, are mined only in the open pit mines and quarries Usually the depth of open pit mines and quarries are: Gravel, sand, clay, peat, dolomite 6-12 m Limestone and opoka (gaize) m Triassic clay 50 m The thickness of overburden rocks in all quarries range from 0,5 m up to 7-10 m All these rocks (overbuden, useful mineral resources and tailings) are the rocks of our daily living environment, inert in chemical point of view The groundwater level is lowered by means of self flowing or pumping up in several quarries only (peat, limestone, dolomite, opoka, rarely sand) Usually overburden rocks and tailings are utilized for recultivation of excavated area (void)

20 In total 22,2 thousand ha or 0,34% of Lithuania s territory are assigned to enterprises for extraction; In total 13,6 thousand ha or 0,2 % of Lithuania s territory are damaged by extraction

21 Peat production sites in Lithuania, 2006

22 Peat resources in the counties of Lithuania, 2006

23 Mineral resources (explored in detail and general) in the counties, 2006