Intrusive Igneous Processes
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1 Intrusive Igneous Processes Mineral Resources
2 Intrusive features
3 Sill diagram
4 sill
5 Columnar jointing
6 Dike diagram
7 dike
8 Laccolith
9 Ute Mtn Laccolith
10 Ute Mtn
11 Stock and batholith diagram
12 Magma body
13 Igneous bodies
14 batholith
15 Western US batholith exposure
16 Exposed batholith
17 Roof pendants
18 Plutons in Patagonia
19 Contact of Patagonia Pluton classnotes/images/drawn.html
20 Magma environments
21 Geothermal Gradient
22 Confining pressure
23 Decompression melting
24 Magma at oceanic ridge
25 Oceanic ridge section
26 Rifting tectonic setting
27 Divergent continental
28 Iceland volcanic rift
29 Intraplate volcanism
30 Hotspot Volcanic chain on North America
31 Hot spot volcanism
32 Island chain from mantle plume
33 Water driven from subducting slab lowers melting temperature
34 Partial Melting
35 1. melting increases volume Locations of volcanoes
36 1. melting increases volume Ocean-ocean Convergent volcanism
37 Aleutians--oblique with permission of author tom bigley
38 Aleutians from space Taken on the STS-56 shuttle mission, in April Image number: STS
39 Continent-ocean convergent boundary volcanism
40 Southern South America
41 Summary of tectonic environments of figneous rocks
42 Mineral Resources Ore: Mineral or rock from which metal is extracted Anything that can be mined at a profit Industrial mineral: geological materials which are mined for their commercial value, which are not fuel and are not sources of metals
43 Ore Deposits Many metallic elements don t fit into common silicate crystal structures Remain in solutions left by cooling magma Can permeate surrounding rocks or fill cracks in surrounding rocks
44 Disseminated Ore Deposits Solutions permeate surrounding rocks Precious metals: mostly gold Base metals: copper, lead, zinc
45 Typical grade of disseminated precious metal deposit
46 Disseminated gold deposit Disseminated gold deposit
47 Copper mine in Ai Arizona Copper mine in Arizona
48 Bingham Copper Mine Bingham Canyon Copper Mine: largest manmade excavation on Earth
49 Copper deposit disseminated in strata Copper-cobalt deposit in Zambia
50 Vein Ore Deposits Fluid fills cracks in surrounding rocks Mineral deposits are often visible to the naked eye Hydrothermal deposits
51 Hydrothermal veins Commonly have quartz and/or calcite Sometimes other minerals deposited The mother lode gold deposits were of this type
52 Vein deposit Sulfide vein deposit
53 Vein deposits Copper vein deposit
54 Placer Ore Deposits Concentrated by weathering and transportation Streams, beaches
55 Placer Gold Panning and sluice box methods
56 Hydraulicking Historic and modern commercial placer mining
57 gold, platinum, tin, titanium, and rare earth metals Marine placer deposits
58 Industrial Minerals Usually not metals Limestone for cement Sand and gravel for construction Chemicals Fertilizer Flux Salt Clay for bricks and ceramics
59 Cement plant Cement factory: processes limestone
60 Sand and gravel operation Sand and gravel operation
61 Halite/Sylvite mine Potassium chloride ((sylvite) y ) for fertilizer
62 Detroit salt mine Note pillar and room excavation
63 Underground salt mine
64 Evaporative salt pond Sri Lanka
65 Sulfur: Frasch process
66 Sulfur stockpile element016_sulfur/00_sulfur.htm
67 Fluorite
INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS MINERAL RESOURCES V
INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS PROCESSES MINERAL RESOURCES V00290873 Intrusive features http://www.slackpacker.com/igneous.html Igneous bodies http://www.virginiawestern.edu/faculty/vwszaba/phisical/chapter%204.igneous%20rocks.htm
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