MINERAL WATERS AND HYDROGEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN BULGARIA
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1 MINERAL WATERS AND HYDROGEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN BULGARIA Konstantin Shterev & Georgi Georgiev (SU) October 17-19, 2011 Maria Laach, Germany 2 nd CGS Europe Knowledge Sharing Workshop Natural Analogues
2 OUTLINES: Introduction General Geological setting Geothermal Potential areas & Resources Pattern of Heat regim & Configuration of Hydrothermal flow Conseptual model of Thermo-aquifer System in nonstratified granitic-metamorphic complex Cases: Natural spring Sapareva Banya Sofia Neogene graben (Hydrothermal basin) Concusions
3 Introduction Bulgaria is very rich of Natural springs of mineral and geothermal water In Bulgaria there are large geothermal aquifers
4 General Geological setting Major Tectonic units (by Georgiev & Dabovski, 1997 ; Dabovski et al., 2002; modified)
5 General Geological setting Main Sedimentary basins & zones (Georgiev & Dabovski, 2008)
6 General Geological setting Regional Geological cross-sections Geological cross-section section I-II across Western Bulgaria
7 General Geological setting Regional Geological cross-sections Geological cross-section section II-III across Eastern Bulgaria
8 General Geological setting Regional Geological cross-sections Geological cross-section section IIII II-III across Eastern Bulgaria (Georgiev Georgiev et al., 2001)
9 General Geological setting Regional Geological cross-sections Geological cross-section section IV-VII VI across Northern Bulgaria (by Kalinko ed., updated)
10 Geothermal Potential Areas and Resources I. Northern Bulgaria - Regional Geothermal Aquifers in Carbonate Fms: Middle-Upper Devonian Middle-Upper Triassic Upper Jurassic Valanginian II. Southern Bulgaria - Reproductive Hydrothermal Systems with Meteoric Thermal waters: Mesozoic fragmentary carbonate bodies & Rhodope marbles Tertiary grabens clastic aquifers Granites, Schists & Gneisses Volcanic & Volcano-Sedimentary Fms October 17-19, 2011 Maria Laach, Germany 2 nd CGS Europe Knowledge Sharing Workshop Natural Analogues
11 Northern Bulgaria Middle-Upper Devonian carbonate aquifers Depth (6000) m Saline waters & brines Temperature C Recovery energy 5-25 (30) GJ/sq.m (Shterev 1996)
12 Northern Bulgaria Middle-Upper Triassic carbonate aquifers Depth m Saline waters & brines Temperature C Recovery energy 1-10 GJ/sq.m (Shterev 1996)
13 Northern Bulgaria Malm (J3) Valanginian (K1) carbonate aquifers Depth (3000) m a. Low mineralized meteoric waters C b. Saline waters & brines (100) C) Recovery energy GJ/sq.m (Shterev 1996)
14 Southern Bulgaria Mesozoic fragmentary carbonate bodies & Rhodope marbles Temperature C (Shterev 1996)
15 Southern Bulgaria Tertiary grabens clastic aquifers Temperature C (Shterev 1996)
16 Southern Bulgaria Granites, Schists & Gneisses Non-stratified (fault bounded) Thermal waters C Hydrogeothermal reproduction per 1 sq. km of recharge area 0.2 l/s Geothermal energy 45 KW/t (Shterev 1996)
17 Southern Bulgaria Volcanic & Volcano-Sedimentary Fms Non-stratified (fault bounded) Thermal waters C Hydrogeothermal reproduction per 1 sq. km of recharge area 0.2 l/s Geothermal energy 45 KW/t (Shterev 1996)
18 Bulgaria Geothermal Potential area & Resources (Shterev 1996, 2004)
19 Bulgaria Patterns of Heat regime & Configuration of Hydrothermal flow (Shterev 1996, 2004)
20 Bulgaria Patterns of Heat regime & Configuration of Hydrothermal flow (by Shterev 1996, 2004)
21 Bulgaria Conceptual model for Thermo-aquifer System in non-stratified granitic-metamorphic complex (by Shterev 1996, 2004)
22 Bulgaria Case: Natural spring Sapareva Banya (Shterev 1996, 2004)
23 Bulgaria Case: Sofia Neogene graben (Hydrogeothermal basin) Geological & Geothermal map (by Shterev, 2004)
24 Bulgaria Case: Sofia Neogene graben (Hydrogeothermal basin) Geological cross-sections (by Shterev, 2004)
25 Bulgaria Case: Sofia Neogene graben (Hydrogeothermal basin) Distribution of different types thermal waters (by chemical composition) (by Shterev, 2004)
26 Bulgaria Case: Sofia Neogene graben (Hydrogeothermal basin) Approximate assessment of the Hydrogeothermal potential
27 Main Conclusions Geothermal potential of Bulgaria is promising as a energy source Utilisation of geothermal energy in Bulgaria is poor for the time being
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