MID-TERM CONFERENCE CREST
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1 MID-TERM CONFERENCE CREST 23 November 2017 Innovation in Coastal Monitoring Alain De Wulf (Ugent, Geography Dept.)
2 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What (tools do we use to assess)? Conclusion 23/11/2017
3 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What (tools do we use to assess)? Conclusion 23/11/2017
4 Why monitor the coast? Sand particles move! Dry transport (wind) Wet transport (tides, currents, waves) 23/11/2017
5 Why monitor the sand particles on the coast? Coastal Safety (flooding) Tourism (spatious sand beaches) Habitat preservation Therefore the erosion/accretion balance must be monitored and understood. Classical assumption: Erosion during storm events Accretion in standard weather situations 23/11/2017
6 Why monitor the sand particles on the coast If erosion/accretion volumes are not in balance => beach nourishment = reclamation of the beach areas (quite expensive) 23/11/2017
7 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What (tools do we use to assess)? Conclusion 23/11/2017
8 How? 1. By measuring the geometric changes Comparison of different techniques Aerial Lidar Drone survey Terrestrial Static GNSS Kinematic GNSS Static Lidar Kinematic Lidar Hydrographic Single beam echosounder Multi beam echosounder 23/11/2017
9 How: 2. By measuring the sand transport in the dry (Aeolian campaigns) By measuring the spatial and temporal variability of sediment transport on the beach with acoustic sensors and sand traps and sand catchers By measuring surficial moisture content changes 23/11/2017
10 How? 2. By measuring the sand transport in the dry (Aeolian campaigns) By measuring the wind conditions: wind speed and wind direction at different heights above the surface with meteorological stations
11 How? 2. By measuring the sand transport in the dry (Aeolian campaigns)
12 How? 3. By measuring the sand transport in the wet Near shore wave and current conditions (e.g. with ADCP, ) Sediment concentration, 23/11/2017
13 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What? Conclusion 23/11/2017
14 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What is the innovation in monitoring techniques? Conclusion 23/11/2017
15 Innovation in coastal monitoring What is the innovation in geometric monitoring techniques? Speed of acquisition - Terrestrial Lidar: 0.25 till 1 million points/s (<> 20 p/s). Quantity of acquisition (point density) - 1 cross-section per 5 cm (<> 50 m). - interval distance in the cross-section: 1-5 cm (<> 5m). Quality of acquisition - Accuracy on sub cm level in x,y,z (<> 1 dm). 23/11/2017
16 Innovation in coastal monitoring What is the innovation in geometric monitoring techniques? Speed, density, quality => Detailed 3D model instead of small set 2D profiles 4D (1 model per hour) with static long-range terrestrial laser scanner => Small (sub cm) changes and very short time ( 1 hour) changes can now be monitored. 23/11/2017
17 Innovation in coastal monitoring What is the innovation in monitoring techniques? Dry aeolian transport: detection of sand particle movement with automated electronic devices. Wet transport: automated density and current sensors. multi beam in intertidal zone (even in extremely shallow water < 1 m). 23/11/2017
18 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What tools do we use to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes? Conclusion 23/11/2017
19 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Software development of high precision analysis tool High precision digital terrain modelling tool (PC: maximum up to 8 billion grid cells with 32 Gb RAM). Allows: Sub-cm grid intervals (e.g. 300 m by 160 m grid of 1 cm cells => ca. 0.5 billion cells) Visualisation Filtering (outlier removal) Correlation computation CREST meeting January 20, 2016
20 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Depth Analysis CREST meeting January 20, 2016
21 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Slope Analysis Maximal Slope (%) SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
22 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Slope Analysis Maximal Slope (%) Direction of maximal slope SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
23 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Slope Analysis Maximal Slope (%) Direction of maximal slope Slope in specified direction SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
24 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Slope Analysis Maximal Slope (%) Direction of maximal slope Slope in specified direction Slope curvature (second derivative model) SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
25 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Intensity Analysis Intensity values of the backscatter SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
26 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Intensity Analysis Maximum slope of intensity values SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
27 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Intensity Analysis Maximum slope of intensity values Direction of maximum intensity slope SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
28 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Backscatter intensity Analysis Intensity of the backscatter signal Direction of maximum intensity slope Slope in specified direction SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
29 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Backscatter intensity Analysis Intensity of the backscatter signal Direction of maximum intensity slope Slope in specified direction Slope curvature (second derivative model) SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
30 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Correlation analysis height <> backscatter Without noise elimination and intensity correction => almost no correlation Geometric model can be improved by optimal noise filtering Backscatter model can be improved by corrections for distance, angle (and humidity?) In the near future significant higher correlation can be expected between the improved geometry and the improved backscatter model CREST meeting January 20, 2016
31 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Noise removal: outlier elimination Local Relief (absolute difference value) Standard Deviation (n*sd) Boxplot (1.5 * (Q3-Q1)) Can be applied to: Geometric model Depths Slopes Curvature Backscatter model Intensity Slopes Curvature SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
32 How: tools to evaluate the topographic / morphologic changes Noise removal: outlier elimination Local Relief (absolute difference value) Standard Deviation (n*sd) Boxplot (1.5 * (Q3-Q1)) SeArch meeting January 14, 2016
33 Innovation in coastal monitoring Outline Why? How? What (tools do we use to assess)? Conclusion 23/11/2017
34 Innovation in coastal monitoring Conclusion Safety, tourism and habitat protection requires accurate and frequent beach monitoring. Nowadays significantly more fast and accurate technologies are available as well for geometry modelling of the beaches as for dry (aeolian) and wet transport of sand particles. A combination of these techniques combined with simultaneous measurements allows a new and deeper insight in the mechanisms of sand transport and will connect the small scale observations with the big scale observations. 23/11/2017
35 In samenwerking met Met dank aan 23/11/2017
36 Monitoring wind-blown sand Glenn Strypsteen Mid-term Conference CREST, 23/11/2017 Conference Room Planet Ocean
37 Study area
38 Measurement positions
39 A variety of instruments are used
40 Sand traps capture the wind-blown sand at different heights
41 Saltiphones record grain impacts every second
42 A horizontal sand trap captures sand in downwind direction
43 Laser scanner measures the topography from a fixed position (TU Delft)
44 Or on a mobile all-terrain vehicle (Ughent)
45 Meteorological stations measure the wind conditions and temperature
46 A typical campaign
47 A typical campaign
48 Thank you! Glenn Strypsteen KU Leuven Campus Bruges Faculty of Engineering Technology
49 MID-TERM CONFERENCE CREST 23 November 2017 Beach topography: measuring techniques
50 Topography: traditional survey 2D Profiles RTK-GNSS 14/05/2018
51 Topography: traditional survey 2D Profiles RTK-GNSS 14/05/2018
52 3D survey Platform: mobile 4x4 with Laserscanner RTK-GNSS Motion sensor 14/05/2018
53 3D survey MTLS (Lidar): Own system:
54 3D survey Acquisition similar to multibeam setup Boresight offsets Calibration 14/05/2018
55 3D survey Acquisition on site Survey lines Approx. 2-3 hours 14/05/2018
56 3D survey Challenges 14/05/2018
57 3D survey 14/05/2018
58 Result: after cleaning
59 Comparing techniques Drone survey Long distance laser Lidar 14/05/2018
60 Comparing techniques Drone survey Long distance laser Lidar 14/05/2018
61 Comparing techniques Drone survey Long distance laser Lidar 14/05/2018
62 In samenwerking met Met dank aan 14/05/2018
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