Connecting the Dots. A Model for Enterprise Wide Excellence in Spatial Data Management

Transcription

1 Connecting the Dots A Model for Enterprise Wide Excellence in Spatial Management

2 IHS Users Group Presentation Finding and producing hydrocarbons Mapping Sciences Making and Communicating with Maps Sources and Software Applications Education Audit/Review Holistic Approach = Enterprise Wide Spatial Management

3 Location, Location, Location Mapping Some Concepts Treasure Island Petroleum Industry is Location Dependent! Latitude Southeast 54 paces Southwest 42 paces X Longitude

4 Geodesy Reference Surfaces h H N Normal to Ellipsoid Normal to Geoid N=h-H Ellipsoid Geoid Terrain b a Geoid Equipotential surface which approximates to MSL Ellipsoid Surface where Computations are made 1/f = a/(a-b)

5 Geodetic Coordinate Systems Ellipsoid Greenwich λp Height hp φp P Zp Relationships X = (ν + h) * cos φ * cos λ Y = (ν + h) * cos φ * sin λ Z = [(b 2 * ν/a 2 ) + h] * sin φ Equator Yp Xp (NB Some older datums have a reference (0º) meridian at another place than Greenwich)

6 Some Core Science A Geodetic Datum is an ellipsoid of revolution attached to the earth at some point. Geoid Earth s irregular shape (terrain) Datums (Geographic CRS) Regional Global (satellite) Datum transform Geoidal height

7 Geodesy Datum Shifts Ellipsoid Ellipsoid A (Global Datum) Ellipsoid B (Regional Datum) Greenwich Height hp P λp φp Zp P Equator Yp Xp Geocenter Y Z X If the geographical area is small, then [Xg] [ X] [Xb] [Yg] = [ Y] + [Yb] [Zg] [ Z] [Zb]

8 Hierarchy of Mapping Ellipsoid Greenwich λp Equator Yp Φp hp P Zp Xp Projected CRS is a derivative of the Datum (Geog CRS) Easting, Northing, Elevation (above MSL) stable Unstable w/o Datum Datum (includes ellipsoid) is the Foundation X,Y,Z Cartesian and Lat Long, Ht

9 Mercator Projection - Distortion N Equator Scale Distortion (N:1) [1/cos(lat)] S

10 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Reservoir Management Production GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

11 Random Selection M Datums per country, N sets per Project gives Random Chance 1:M*N 4 Datums, 5 sets Chances of getting Datum 100% right 1:20 (5%) Adding P Projections gives Random Chance 1:M*N*P 4 Projections Chances of getting Datum and Projection right 1:80 (1.25%) With some prior knowledge/input Fairly realistic chances are 2 datums, 2 projections and 5 datasets giving a chance of 1:20 (5%) of getting all 5 datasets properly mapped.

12 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Satellite Aerial Map Existing Well Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting Existing Satellite Lease Geological Contract Well Aerial Pre Lease Map Sale Prospecting Boundary Activities Definitions Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

13 Maybe OK if you are partner in both Blocks! Actual Lease Boundary 4000 ft Boundary as loaded to interpretation system At ~300 barrels per acre foot, this represents about 49 MM barrels per 100 ft of pay in the next door block!

14 Phase I - Boundary and Ring Fence Results

15 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Satellite Aerial Map from Industry DB Existing Well Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D 2D, 3D Purchase Velocity Picking Mapping P1/90 Bin Center SEGP1 P1/90 Velocity 2D, from 3D Industry 2D, Bin 3D Picking Center DB SEGP1 Purchase Mapping Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

16 Double Trouble! Survey acquired Satellite Datum Contractor transformed Navigation to Local misplaced Datum by 350 meters Dry hole Cost $30 MM requested acquisition Datum Retransformed data

17 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Satellite Aerial Map from Industry DB System Vendors Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Velocity Picking Mapping Loading Application Management Proposed Well Location Exploitation Middleware Proposed Application Loading System Open Well Management Vendors Loading Location Sheets Spirit Volumetrics 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

18 Software Uncertainty GG Applications Openworks/Landmark, Finder/Geoframe, Geographix, Kingdom, Trango, Probe, Petra, EPOS, Open Spirit Set 2 Blue Marble Geographic Calculator, Mentor, ArcView, ERMapper, AutoCAD, Atlas, Excel, NADCON, Other Web-Based applications Set 3 Satellite/Aerial Image, ASCII, Shapefile, DEM, Bathymetry, DWG/DRG, Digitized data (Accuracy 0.06 at Scale), Do you know the references? Datum, Projection, Height, Orientation, Units! Do these databases and programs all produce the same result when transforming or converting coordinates? Did anyone check?

19 Multiyear Mapping

20 Loading Sheet Lament! L L L L1 dy dx dy dx dy dx dy dx dy dx dy dx WELL (SL) UKOOA P1 L5 L4 L2 L1

21 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Satellite Aerial Map from Industry DB System Vendors Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Velocity Picking Mapping Application Management Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Directional Site Loading Drilling Survey Drilling Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

22 Proposed Drilling Location Two Surveys Interpreter complained that one was mismatched with the other One survey loaded with new corners, but datum labeling not changed Result 250 meter error Question would we have found it if there was only one survey?

23 Directional Survey Disconnect Incorrect Correct Solution Correction M T M T G M T G IG IG Magnetic Dec (MD): TN to Grid (GC): 4.90 Totl AZ Corr MD+GC: 0.77 MN to TN: TN to Grid: True Corr: Valid Corr: Wrong corr: 0.77 Correction Applied: Error in 5 wells: 5,300 foot offset, target locations misplaced by 520 ft

24 Well Walkabout! S,T = Satellite Industry DB Satellite Company DB Difference in Y (ft) Difference in Y (ft) Difference in x (ft) -400 Difference in x (ft) Well bases

25 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Satellite Aerial Map from Industry DB System Vendors Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Velocity Picking Mapping Loading Application Management Pipelines and Facilities Installation Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling Pipelines and Facilities Installation 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

26 Uphill Battle! Planned Direction of Flow Terrain (Above MSL) Upward Slope Downward Slope Ellipsoid (Ht above ellipsoid)

27 Facility or Complexity! Your Lease Proposed Location Actual Location Someone else s Lease If you were someone else, what would your settlement price be?

28 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Reservoir Management Production Satellite Aerial Map from Industry DB System Vendors Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Velocity Picking Mapping Application Management 4D Reservoir Analysis Loading Production Management Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling Pipelines and Facilities Installation Production 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Reservoir Analysis Management 4D Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

29 Up Dip Trip! Fault 300 m 300 m Proposed second well Up-dip, appraisal Proposed First well Interpreted Reservoir If you drill the first well in the second well location due to a geodetic mistake, then when you move up-dip to drill the appraisal, you may end up the wrong side of the fault!

30 The Environment Great workforce efficiency due to. Distributed computing Multiple users Multiple sources of data/internet access Higher risk due to New data in satellite, legacy data in local datums Low training budgets/poor understanding Little internal and supplier oversight Few procedures So who is minding the spatial data store?

31 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Reservoir Management Production Satellite Aerial Map DB Audit from Industry DB System Vendors SW Audit Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Field QC Audit Velocity Picking Mapping Application Management Audit Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Loading Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling Pipelines and Facilities Installation Production 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Reservoir Analysis Management IN-House Audit Audit 4D Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

32 Summary Know the references Always ask! QC/Audit Planning and Use record Ortho-rectified references Satellite Images in detail In Field especially when transferring data between From Datum field to office functions When downloading data from DB or web Projection When converting data before or during loading Ensuring that all staff are aware of these From issues and Elevation/Ht function to function Field/DB follow to the procedures is a management Orientation responsibility to to Drilling Units of measurement Interdepartmental Drilling to Construction cooperation is vital

33 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Reservoir Management Production Ownership/PSC Requirements Satellite Aerial Map DB Audit from Industry DB System Vendors SW Audit Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Field QC Audit Velocity Picking Mapping Application Management Audit Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Loading Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling Pipelines and Facilities Installation Production 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Production Planning Reservoir Analysis Management IN-House Audit Audit WS Admin Geophysical Planning 4D Development Planning Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial

34 Organizational Dynamics Endocrine Functions Planning/Risk Accounting and Finance IT and Communications Health, Safety and Environment Diversity and.. Spatial Management

35 Benefits of Good Spatial Management Lease costs Ownership Value in geophysical data Correct Loading of processed data Better drilling decisions Properly placed wells Better appraisals Pipelines and facilities properly planned and placed Staff time spent on core competencies Improved reserve replacement Lower finding cost Increased value of the asset

36 Example Cost Summary Lease $ 20,000,000 AP $ 10,000,000 $1,000,000 Management $1,000,000 Drilling the Well $ 12,000,000 Facilities $100,000,000 Putting the well in the right place.. priceless

37 There are Some Things Money Can t Buy.! For Everything Else, there s Poor POSITIONING is a HIGH RISK activity!!!

38 Connecting the Dots A Model for Enterprise Wide Excellence in Spatial Management

39 Position Dependent Functions, Activities, Relationships Property Lease Loading Drilling Facilities Pipelines Reservoir Management Production Ownership/PSC Requirements Satellite Aerial Map DB Audit from Industry DB System Vendors SW Audit Middleware Open Spirit Existing Well Field QC Audit Velocity Picking Mapping Application Management Audit Pre Lease Sale Activities Lease Contract Boundary Definitions Geological Prospecting 2D, 3D Loading Proposed Well Location Drilling Directional Drilling Pipelines and Facilities Installation Production 2D, 3D Purchase P1/90 Bin Center Loading Sheets Exploitation Volumetrics Site Survey Production Planning Reservoir Analysis Management IN-House Audit Audit WS Admin Geophysical Planning 4D Development Planning Functional Activities GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Auditing GIS/Mapping Management Requirement Reformatting, Re-referencing and Re-presenting Spatial