Yrd. Doç. Dr. Saygın ABDİKAN Öğretim Yılı Güz Dönemi

Transcription

1 Foreign Language (Eng.) IV(GEO/YDL286) Introduction Yrd. Doç. Dr. Saygın ABDİKAN Öğretim Yılı Güz Dönemi 1

2 İletişim bilgileri Öğrenci Görüşme Saatleri: Salı, Çarşamba 10:00 12:00 2

3 Dersin Kaynakları 1. B.F. Kavanagh, "Geomatics" Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Columbus, Ohio, ISBN: X. 2. Pamela Edis, "Teknik İngilizce" İTÜ Vakfı yayınları No John Wahr, Geodesy and Gravity, Samizdat Press, Markner-Jager, Technical English for Geosciences, Germany, ISBN: , Herbert A.J. The structure of Technical English, London, ISBN: , Longman. 6. Ghilani C.D., Wolf P.R. Elemantary Surveying, An Introduction to Geomatics, ISBN-13: , Prentice Hall W.F. Chen and J.Y.Richard Liew, The Civil Engineering Handbook, Second Edition, CRC Press, 2002, Print ISBN: Doç.Dr.Füsun Şanlı ders notları

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5 Dersin Başarı Kriterleri Derse Devam: %70 Başarı Notu: Yıliçi Başarı Notu %40 + Final Sınavı Notu %60 5

6 Dersin İçeriği Teknik İngilizce: Solutions. Traverse surveys. Teknik İng.: Preliminary work in the constructions of dams. Topographic surveying and mapping. Teknik İng.: The Engineering Profession. Geographical Information Systems. Teknik İng.: Developments in the Earth Sciences. 6

7 Dersin İçeriği Global Navigation Satellite System / Global Positioning Systems Control Surveys. Land Surveying. Remote Sensing. Satellite and Aerial Imagery and Photographs. Engineering Applications. Construction Surveys. 7

8 Amaç İngilizce yazılmış teknik ve mesleki bir eseri anlama, Teknik terimleri öğrenme ve gerekli yerlerde kullanabilme becerisi kazandırmak. 8

9 Öğrenme Çıktıları Mesleki terimleri tanımlayabilir. Mesleki konulardaki İngilizce metinleri Türkçe'ye çevirme teknikleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olur. Teknik İngilizce metinlerini anlama konusunda ilerleme gösterebilir. Teknik metinle ilgili soruları cevaplama tekniklerini ifade edebilir. Mesleki bir metinle ilgili soruları cevaplama tekniklerini ifade edebilir. 9

10 géomatique Geo (Earth) + informatics Geodesy + Geoinformatics Geomatics: The mathematics of the earth; the science of the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, especially instrumental data, relating to the earth's surface. Oxford Dictionary 10

11 What is Geomatics? Geomatics Engineering is a rapidly developing discipline that focuses on spatial information Geomatics Engineers work with state of the art technology Geodesy Digital photogrammetry Remote sensing Digital cartography Geographic information systems Spatial analysis & modeling Global positioning systems Computer vision, digital image processing 11

12 Surveying engineering including geospatial engineering and geospatial technology 12

13 Geomatics Engineering is developing the science and creating new uses for the technology developed The word geomatics describes the integrated approach of Measurement Analysis Management Storage and Display of spatial Earth related data in digital form It can be said that geomatics is based on spatial information technology 13

14 Besides it also involves Pyhsical Social Biological Economical Business sciences with respect to mathematical and logical relatioships Ipbuker,

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16 The graduates of Geomatics Engineering work in a range of organizations Specialist land, air and offshore mapping companies, Central and local government agencies, Cartographic publishers, Suppliers of computer-based mapping technology and GIS companies, Civil engineering contractors, Oil exploration multinationals and geophysical consultants. 16

17 The questions that investigated by geomatics engineering (surveying engineering) How do satellite navigation systems work? How do we know the Earth s continents move? If we look at the Earth from space what can we see? How do we make maps of the land and sea? 17

18 What do geoamtics engineers use? Hardware: Computers and networks Surveying and geodetic instruments Photogrammetric workstations Visualization tools Software (open source / commercial): GIS Digital image processing Satellite positioning and GPS 18

19 What do we use? 19

20 Surveying It is the science, art, and technology of determining the relative positions of points above, on or beneath the Earth s surface Geomatics embraces the traditional areas of surveying and mapping Topographic surveying Geodesy Cadastral surveying Photogrammetry Hydrography 20

21 Applications Infrastructure management Land management Archaeological excavation Urban and regional planning Climate change / Environmental Monitoring Coastal management and mapping 21

22 Applications/products Land use/cover maps, bathymetric maps, thematic maps, 3D modeling, seismic survey, temporal analysis, change detection, agriculture monitoring, forest monitoring, mining survey 22

23 Natural resource monitoring Mining Oil extraction Dam 23

24 Natural hazards Landslide Subsidence Earthquake Drought 24

25 Construction and industrial surveying Underground mining and tunneling Building surveying 25

26 Geodesy Traditionally it is the shape, size, and the gravity field of the Earth. Nowadays: Monitoring the solid Earth (displacement, subsidence or deformation due to tectonic or other natural phenomena as well as human activity. 26

27 GPS Global Positioning System A navigation system developed and maintained by the U.S Dept. of Defense Satellite based system Consists of 3 segments: Space Control Users 27

28 GIS A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data. Database technology can manage multidimensional data 28

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30 Digital image & mapping Pixel Digital Number 30

31 GIS application examples Land suitability analysis Prediction modeling Time series analysis Change detection Digital landscape rschapter/ 31

32 Photogrammetry Photogrammetry is the art and science of making accurate measurements by means of aerial photography: Analog photogrammetry (using films: hardcopy photos) Analytical photogrammetry Digital photogrammetry (digital images) 32

33 Digital cameras 33

34 Remote Sensing Collection of data without being in physical contact Human eye 34

35 Electromagnetic spectrum Visible & infrared bands & thermal Microwave remote sensing 35

36 Remote Sensing Earth observation Satellite imagery (civil purposes/military strategies) Sensor types Passive / active systems Lidar (Light detection and ranging) Radar (Radio detection and ranging) Multispectral / Hyperspectral imagery Bathymetry Thermal imagery 36

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38 Temporal analysis Change detection Fusun Balik Sanli & Filiz Bektas Balcik & Cigdem Goksel,2007, Environ Monit Assess Defining temporal spatial patterns of mega city Istanbul to see the impacts of increasing population 38

39 Global monitoring CarbonTracker CO2 weather for June-July, Warm colors show high atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and cool colors show low concentrations. The soil moisture conditions around the planet were like in August 2013: dry areas are represented in the brown scale, while wetter areas are in blue and green. 39

40 Vegetation crop (ekin/ürün) type classification crop condition assessment (crop monitoring, damage assessment) crop yield estimation (ürün verim tahmini) 40

41 Cartography It is the study and practice of making maps. What is a map? a symbolized image of geographic reality, representing selected features or characteristics resulting from the creative efforts of cartographers and designed for use when spatial relationships are of special relevance. (ICA, 1995) 41

42 Function of maps in general: Storage medium for information Provides a picture of the world to help understand spatial patterns spatial relationships environmental complexity 42

43 Map scale (Large/small scale) Components of a map Generalization Exaggeration Map projections Symbols, legend 43

44 Types of maps: Reference maps: planimetric & topographic 44

45 Thematic maps: spatial relations & patterns: soils, forest etc. Specific geographic themes, oriented toward specific audiences 45

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47 f/mapping_basics_e.pdf 47