THE USE OF GEOMATICS IN CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGY FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES

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Diana Thornton
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1 THE USE OF GEOMATICS IN CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ARCHAEOLOGY FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES FEBRUARY 2013 AL BEIDA GEOPLAN

2 CONTENT Company Profile Concept Objectives and Strategies Data Production Methods Data Samples System Architecture LIDAR GPR Applications

3 COMPANY PROFILE BGECO, as a local company with capability to mobilize international expertise, endeavors to become a prominent leader in providing services in the fields of ground and aerial survey, map production, vehicle tracking systems, urban planning and management, marketing of satellite imagery, GIS, MIS and IT applications. Such would contribute in a significant measure to strengthening the infrastructure of Libya. As we have a working partnerships with global companies such as MAPS and FUGRO, we provided high quality services to governmental and nongovernmental clients in the past and continue to do so. We aspire not only to expand our activity, but to also elevate the quality of our services to a world class level.

4 CONCEPT What? Why? How? Results?

5 WHAT? to KNOW the LIBYAN HERITAGE

6 WHAT?

7 WHY? The heritage resources of Libya are largely unknown. This is; a consequence of the lack of a comprehensive record of sites, monuments and significant finds, their location and nature. This makes heritage assets vulnerable to loss or change through conflicting land use and unsympathetic development. Therefore the building of a National Heritage Inventory will need to be placed at the very top of the agenda, quite simply to enable the Department to fulfill its role in Law. (*) (*) CULTURAL HERITAGE, CULTURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT LIBYA (WB /10)

8 WHY? to KNOW the LIBYAN HERITAGE to become able to MANAGE it.

Data Serving Data Sharing Statistics Reporting

9 HOW? DATA INFORMATION KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT Server Networking RDBMS GIS Server Data Derivation Querying Data Serving Data Sharing Statistics Reporting Preparing Action Plans Var. Devices Data Analyzing Cooperation Integration

10 HOW? (GIS MIS) INTEGRATION of GIS & MIS Management Information Systems (MIS) Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

11 OBJECTIVES and STRATEGIES To make a good system design Needs assessment and requirements Data production methods To perform the mentioned design Providing data Providing equipments Training (mutual) Application development To ensure the continuity of the system Following up new technologies Providing maintenance Training (mutual)

12 Data Production (Heads-up Digitizing)

13 Data Production (Aerial Photography)

14 Data Production (Satellite Imagery)

15 Data Production (Field Surveying)

16 Data Production (Data Entry - Documents)

17 Data Production (Data Conversion)

18 HOW? Data Sources : Hardcopy Maps and Drawings Aerial Photos Satellite Images Field Surveys Documents Existing Data Processes : Digitizing and Vectorization Photogrametric Operations Image Processing and Vectorization Field Measurements Data Entry / Assignment LIDAR Data Conversion Results : Applications : Digital Inventory Land Information System Geographic / Spatial Database Planning Information System Urban Information System GROUND PENETRATION RADAR Cultural Heritage Information System

19 GEOMATICS DATA Raster Data Satellite Imageries Lantsat 7 TM with spatial resolution of m, Spot 5 with spatial resolution of 5 m, QuickBird with spatial resolution of 60 cm, WorldView with spatial resolution of 40 cm, and Aerial Photos with spatial resolution of 10 cm. Radar Imageries SRTM with a grid size of 90 m, Spot 5 with a grid size of 30 m, Aster with a grid size of 15 m, and Areal Digital Terrain Model with a grid size of 1 m. Vector Data Geodatabase in Nation Wide Topographic and Thematic Datasets at 250K, 25K, 1K scales Geometrics Data Survey work, ITRF, BM, GCP, PCP, AT Geophysical prospecting shallow subsurface data GPR, Geosar, Lidar

20 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

21 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

22 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

23 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

24 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

25 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

26 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

27 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

28 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

29 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

30 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

31 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

32 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

33 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

34 GEOMATICS DATA SAMPLES

35 DATABASE DESIGN

36 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

37 DATA SHARING

38 LIDAR

39 LIDAR Applications of LIDAR Archaeology - LIDAR has many applications in the field of archaeology including aiding in the planning of field campaigns, mapping features beneath forest canopy, and providing an overview of broad, continuous features that may be indistinguishable on the ground. LIDAR can also provide archaeologists with the ability to create high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) of archaeological sites that can reveal micro-topography that are otherwise hidden by vegetation. LIDARderived products can be easily integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) for analysis and interpretation. Beyond efficiency, its ability to penetrate forest canopy has led to the discovery of features that were not distinguishable through traditional geo-spatial methods and are difficult to reach through field surveys. An April 2009 flyover of the Maya city of Caracol used LIDAR equipment to help scientists construct a 3-D map of the settlement in western Belize. The survey revealed previously unknown buildings, roads, and other features in just four days, scientists announced at the International Symposium on Archaeometry in Tampa, Florida. [1]

40 LIDAR

41 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) What is GPR? A geophysical prospecting method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. This nondestructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (UHF/VHF frequencies) of the radio spectrum, and detects the reflected signals from subsurface structures. GPR can be used in a variety of media, including rock, soil, ice, fresh water, pavements and structures. It can detect objects, changes in material, artifacts, Mapping Archeological features, cemeteries pattering and voids and cracks.

42 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) Encoder Converter Control Unit Antenna

43 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar)

44 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar)

45 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar)

46 GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) Types of GPR software 1. Data Acquisition. Mala Mira Software 2. Data Processing. Mala Slicer 3. Data Visualization. Mala Object Mapper, Mala GPS Mapper GPR MIRA Applications: Archaeological Investigations Cemetery Mapping Anthropological Remains Location Ancient Building, Foundation Location, Excavation Mapping. Structural assessment Archaeological Research.

47 GPR APPLICATION

48 ASSESSMENT of TERRAIN

49 ASSESSMENT of TERRAIN

50 CARTOGRAPHY

51 BUFFER ZONES

52 INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS Web Application Public Awareness Advertisement Tourism Integration KIOSK Application Tourism Camera Application Tourism Security and Safety

53 THANK YOU SO MUCH

GEOMATICS. Shaping our world. A company of

GEOMATICS. Shaping our world. A company of GEOMATICS Shaping our world A company of OUR EXPERTISE Geomatics Geomatics plays a mayor role in hydropower, land and water resources, urban development, transport & mobility, renewable energy, and infrastructure