Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences ( IGSNRR, CAS )

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1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences ( IGSNRR, CAS )

2 Outlines Overview Facilities Research Divisions and Their Achievements

3 1. OVERVIEW History Institute of Geography, 1940 Commission for Integrated Survey of Natural Resource, 1956 Merging An Institute with 70-year history

4 1. OVERVIEW Missions A research agency A national institute Probing into land surface process and interaction of elements; Understanding the mechanism of global change and regional development Being think tanks and talent pools on regional development, resources utilization and ecological construction Advising public welfare for land surface resources & environment and regional sustainable development

5 1. OVERVIEW Organizations Directors Board Administrative Council Academic Committee Academic Degree Evaluation Committee Management & Supporting Depts General Office Dept.of Research Planning & Finance Dept.of Human Resources Dept.of Postgraduates Dept.of Assets and Infrastructure Dept.of S&T Information & Academic Society Dept. of S&T Infrastructure and Platform Research Divisions Physical Geography & Global Change Human Geography & Regional Development Natural Resources & Environmental Security State Key Lab of Resource and Environment Information System Key Lab of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes of CAS Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling of CAS Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy

6 1. OVERVIEW Staff

7 1. OVERVIEW Education Programs PhD and master programs in geography, ecology, environmental sciences, agricultural economics and management; master program in meteorology,environmental engineering PhD and master advisors 196 graduates 635

8 1. OVERVIEW International Cooperation Over 50 agreements with foreign institutes & universities In 2009, the institute sent 358 researchers abroad, and welcomed 347 foreigners; held 9 international conferences or workshops. 30 international projects with total contract fund of 5,400,000 US$ were issued in branches or regional offices of international organizations and 6 joint research centers were hosted by the institute.

9 12 Offices of international organization Secretariat for China National Committee of IGBP Secretariat for China National Committee of IHDP Asian regional office for Global Carbon Project(GCP) Beijing Nodal Office of Global Land Project (GLP) China renewable resource and environment center of world Data Center (WDC) China National Committee of Global Water System Project(GWSP) China National Committee of IAHS-PUB Asian network scientific office of GWSP(GWSP-ANSO) Asian-pacific office of water plan by IAC China coordination office for RUAF Arid region center for Northern Eurasia Earth Science Partnership Initiative, NEESPI (NEESPI) Health and environment committee of International Geographical Union (IGU)

10 6 joint research centers 1 IGSNRR,CAS Joint center for ecological environment and sustainable development in Mongolia Plateau 2 Joint Hong Kong Chinese University-CAS lab for E-science 3 Joint Australia-China center for water resources 4 Joint Arizona State University-CAS center for urban sustainable development 5 Joint US-China center for eco-system and environmental changes 6 Joint US-China center for eco-system services

11 1. OVERVIEW Academic Journals 9 Scientific Journal 3 popular scientific journals

12 2. FACILITIES Field Experimental Stations Yucheng Integrated Agricultural Experimental Station Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Experimental Station Qianyanzhou Agricultural Ecology Experimental Station

13 2. FACILITIES Physical Laboratories Integrated Simulation Laboratory on fluvial geomorphology and runoff models for Land Surface Processes

14 2. FACILITIES Analytic Laboratories Central experimental laboratory and 5 specialized analytical laboratories (Eco-system, Environmental chemistry, Environmental rehabilitation, Water and land simulation, Paleo-environment) Isotope ratio mass spectrometry

15 2. FACILITIES Data Sharing Platforms National Resources and Environment Data Center Earth System Research Date Net Renewable Resources and Environmental Discipline Center, World Data Center China Eco-system Research Network Sharing System Earth System Scientific Data Sharing Network Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, CAS

16 2. FACILITIES Library The biggest library of Geographical sciences in China with the area of 1100 m 2 has a collection of more than 110,000 Chinese and foreign books, 16,000 ancient literatures, over 4,800 kinds of newly published chorographies, 70,000 volumes of unpublished materials, more than 30,000 topographic maps and specific maps. Sub-library of ancient literature and chorography Reading area Storage for Maps and Data

17 3. Research Divisions and Their achievements Physical geography and global change Human geography & Regional Development Geographical Information Science Water Cycle &Related Land Surface Processes Natural Resources & Environmental Security Ecosystem Observation Network and Modeling Chinese Agricultural Policy

18 3. 1 Physical geography and global change Highlights Integrated terrestrial systems Land use/land cover change Historical climatology Endemic and environmental health Tree rings Phenology Environment evaluation and treatment Climate change impact and adaptation Natural disasters assessment

19 1) China Ecosystem Research China s Eco-geographical Region System Study on vulnerability of China s terrestrial ecosystem under the future climate change Short term(2020) Mid-term(2050) Long term(2080)

20 2) Climate Change in Chinese History Period (Ⅰ) Documentary Record (III) Carbon calculation and modeling for land use, land use change and forestry Chang array of plum rains in the middle and lower reaches of Yangzi river in the passed 1736 years (II) Tree-ring Record Land cover in 2005 Rebuild drought history from May to June in the passed 3580 years in Delingha area Average NPP in by CEVSA modeling

21 3) Environmental Change and Human Health Climate change and plague in China The forecasted results show the added plague foci area was larger about 40 percent, and the threatened population by plague would increase to 6.6 million people in China under the situation 2*CO 2.

22 4) Dynamic monitoring of LUCC The standard spatio-temporal data for the national LUCC were designed and implemented, the integration analysis methods of Geo-information and RSinformation were developed, and the core technological problems of multi-source data integration and model analysis of spatiotemporal information were solved. Cropland Change between 2000 and 2005

23 3. 2 Human geography & regional development Highlights evolution mechanism and simulation methods of regional Human-land relationship regional development mechanism and the development patterns urbanization, rural-urban evolution and its environmental effects regional agricultural development pattern and rural-urban coordinated development mechanism regional tourism, social and cultural spatial differentiation

24 1) Regional development planning and studies Series of China regional development report Major function oriented zoning of China Regeneration and sustainable development of Northeast China urban development planning and study in different scale Urban system plan Metropolitan Area plan Urban master plan Urban regulatory plan Spatial distribution pattern of Chinese Metropolitan Areas

25 2) Studies on process and ecologic influence of urbanization 外圈半城市化 乡镇企业工业园区产业集群 县级工业园区国家级或省级高新技术去 曾经以乡镇企业土地利用景观为主的地区 都市农业 内圈半城市化 工业重置 发展廊道 国家级或省级旗舰式工业园区 核心城市 - 高端服务动力 50 公里正在形成中的发展落后区 停滞或进退维谷? 港口 A descriptive model: drivers and tempo-spatial evaluation of periurbanization 年东莞市新增用地分布 年东莞市新增用地分布 Study on Shenzhen s urbanization and ecologic influence

26 3) Studies on agricultural regional pattern and countryside development 未来 年农业综合开发产业化基地类型布局 农业综合开发产业化基地类型图 图例 东北黑土地综合整治商品粮基地类型黄淮海低产田改造商品粮棉基地类型长江三角洲平原创汇农业产业化类型黄土高原节水设施农业果业基地类型长江中游平原治涝商品粮油基地类型 喀斯特石漠化防治林特果药农业类型汾渭谷地节水灌溉粮棉生产基地类型四川盆地高效生态农业粮畜基地类型华南水土资源开发热带作物基地类型西部优质草场建设畜牧奶业基地类型 Agricultural structure adjustment Distribution of industrialization bases for comprehensive agricultural development in the future years

27 3. 3 Geographical Information Sciences Highlights Spatio-temporal data mining and estimation of geographical parameters Analysis and systematic simulation of geographical spatio-temporal processes Geo-visualization and virtual geographic environment Technologies and software of geo-informatics Data integration and sharing of earth system science

28 Forets line (m,a.s.l) 1) Spatial Analysis and Earth Surface modelling High Accuracy and Speed Model for Surface Modelling: HASM Quadratic model for Latitudinal pattern of forest line in the Eurasian continent y = 1.163x x R 2 = 0.82,n= Outcomes comparison of HPSM and Kriging 1000 y = x R 2 = 0.77,n= Latitude( N)

29 2) Technological frontier and software system of geo-sciences SuperMap GIS software system BeyonDB high-credit geospatial database management system

30 3) Integration and Sharing of Earth System Data Data Sharing Infrastructure Net in China National Geomorphological Database

31 4) GIS for Coastal Ocean Studies Coastline Transition of the Yellow River Delta Coastal ocean Environmental Information System

32 3. 4 Ecosystem Observation Network Highlights and Modelling Techniques on network observation, experiment, and data integration Ecosystem modeling and integrative analysis Carbon, nitrogen, water cycles and their coupling in ecosystem Response and adaptation of ecosystems to global change Ecosystem service and sustainable development in specific regions

33 1) Leading the development of China flux China FLUX stations The transects and flux sites in Asia

34 2) Studies on ecosystem modeling and integration technology Introduce 21 foreign models, improve 12 models and independently develop 3 models CEVSA AVIM2 GLO-PEM Climate, Atmospheric CO 2, Soil, land cover 气候变量 土壤 植被特征 大气 CO 2 植被特征 Canopy conductance Radiation, energy, and water balance C & N allometry N uptake Leaves Stems Roots Plant C & N Litter C & N Organic C & N decomposition Soil C & N Photosynthetic capacity Photosynthesis Autotrophic respiration Heterotrophic Respiration (HR) Net primary Productivity (NPP) Net ecosystem Productivity (NEP) C O 物理过程模块 C 植物生理 ( 物冠层 雪盖和理过程模块 2 叶生植长物模块生理 O NPP 土壤的能量和水 ( 冠层 雪盖和面 ( 生光长合 模块 2 平衡土壤的能量和水 ) 积呼吸 ( 作光用合 平衡 ) 指光呼合吸产作物用 分光配合 凋产物数落 分物配候 ) 凋土壤温落 物候 ) NEP 度和湿冠层度 C O 土壤异凋落养呼吸 2 物 C O 2 土壤有机碳分解和转换模块 ( 土壤碳在各库之间的转换, 土壤微生物呼吸土壤有机碳分解和转换模块 ) ( 土壤碳在各库之间的转换, 土壤微生物呼吸 ) 生物变量 NDVI Land cover LAI, biomass 吸收效率 有效辐射 GPP NPP Ra 利用效率 环境变量 Temperature VPD Rainfall 区域尺度生态系统模型 :AVIM2, CEVSA, BEPS, CASA, IBIS, SIB2, GLO-PEM, Biome-BGC, Pnet, SWAP, VISA, CLASS, Biome4, LPJ, TEM, FBM 森林模型 :INTEC,CBM, 4C, Forest-BGC, Biomass, 3-PG, JABOWA, SORTIE, TRIPLEX, ZELIG 农田模型 : SHAW-Pn, Crops, CHINAAGROSYS,VIP,DNDC 草地模型 : CENTURY, CASA

35 3) Studies the coupling of carbon, nitrogen and water in ecosystem Studies on water process of typical ecosystem in Qinghai- Tibet Plateau 高寒草原 荒漠 森林 Spatial pattern of China s SOC Distribution pattern of soil inorganic carbon in China 高寒灌丛 高寒草甸 降水量对植物的贡献

36 3. 5 Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Highlights SVAT Interface Processes Hill-slope Soil and Water Transport Processes Catchment Hydrology and Fluvial Processes Modeling and Simulation of the land water system and the coupling with the climate system

37 1) Water and nutrient cycle in the SPAC system, new theory and method in water saving irrigation invent suspension type e-weighing lysimeter propose the theory of dynamic flux management in micro-irrigation device study and discover the law of effect on plant growth, yield, quantity and efficiency of irrigation water, physical and chemical and biological properties of soil by integrated measures with drop irrigation, ridge planting and laminating design the drop irrigating device for Chinese greenhouse Suspension type e-weighing lysimeter

38 2) Complex mechanism of water cycle in watershed and Hydrologic models Dongtaigou catchment for water cycle experimental research, Beijing suburban Hydrologic models with different scales customized by HIMS

39 存贮 - 释放的来沙量临界值 (10 8 t/a) 3) Process and mechanism of slop soil erosion and river sedimentation 全沙 >0.007mm >0.01mm >0.025mm >0.05mm >0.1mm 粒径组 Distributed model of Lizikou watershed, Loess Plateau Sediment change from storage to release according to different size of sands

40 4) Chinese Network of Isotopes (CHNI) Locations of CHNIP stations Tracks of typhoons occurred at west Pacific Ocean during summer monsoonal period and Contour lines of monthlyδ18o in precipitation over Southern China

41 Highlights 3. 6 Natural Resources & Environmental Security Comprehensive scientific investigation of natural resources at home and abroad Studies of water and land resources and their optimal allocation Studies of energy, mineral, and resource economics Studies of ecological resources, ecosystem services, and resource flows Environmental remediation and technology for resource exploitation Development of systems for resource analysis and simulation

42 1) Studies on China s population, resources, environment and sustainable development Index of habitat environment Index of land resources capacity Index of water resources capacity Index of material accumulation Index of human development Process and effect of resources flow and mechanism of 石油流动 regulation Net flow of China s ecological capacity

43 2) Studies on evaluation of ecological service function, measurement of ecological consume and mechanism of ecological compensation The spatial distribution of ecological footprints

44 3) Studies on transformation of resource-based cities 10 万以下城市 万以上城市 万以上城市 万以上城市 万以上城市 200 万以上城市 占城市数 (%) 规模级占城市人口数 (%) Urban pyramid of Chinese mining cities(2000) Distribution of resource-based cities Interaction mechanism of urbanization and environment in the past 50 years of Northwest China 生态优劣度 优良中差! 县市工业化省会 ( 万元河流 /km^2) 铁路 <=! > 20.5 公路 省界!!!!! 度 县市 省会! 河流 铁路 公路 省界 中 差 Spatial variation of industrialization in Northwest of China Spatial variation of urbanization index in Northwest of China in 2003

45 3. 7 Chinese Agricultural Policy Highlights Agricultural Science & technology development policies Resource management & environmental protection policies Integrated rural-urban development Agricultural commodity policy analysis and decision support systems

46 kg / ha yuan, 2005 price) intensity (%) 1) Studies on agricultural science and technology and production policies Non-Bt Bt 5 6 Bt Bt 科研投资 (10 亿元, 2005 价格 ) Public R&D investment (billion 年中国政府农业科研投资及强度变化 Public ag R&D investment, intensity in china, 科研投资 投资强度 投资强度 (%) Public ag R&D investment Amount of pesticide application on Bt and non-bt cotton ( ) Huang et. al Science, 295: Huang et al Science, 308: Huang et al Science, 310: Huang et al Nature, 418, Research and technology promotion with peasants participation

47 Million ha 2) Studies on resources and environmental policies 100% 80% 80% 70% % of villages with technology Traditional 60% 40% 20% 0% 集体管理用水协会承包 Management change of land surface irrigation % 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Householdbased Community -based Novel Application of agri water-saving technology in north China Cultivated land being converted to: Cultivated land being converted from: Net change 3.0 Marginal effect of temperature and rain-fed farmers Total Forestry area Grassland Water area Built-up area Unused land Transfer of China s arable lands ( )

48 0.005 Lushan ) Studies on urban-rural coordinated development, poverty reduction strategy and policy 城乡儿童能力发展测试结果对比 阀值 ==70 均值 ==90 城市 Readinessscore 均值 ==64 农村 Readinessscore Rural Education Action Project Rural governance system and urban-rural coordinated development 农村新型合作医疗在实现了农村地区基本覆盖的覆盖面目标的同时却没能如设计的另一个目标 保大病 住院费用报销比例 (%) >=10000 住院费用报销比例 (%) 随住院费用的增加而下降

49 4) Studies on agricultural development policy analysis and decision support system China s Agricultural Policy Analysis and Simulation Model (CAPSiM) Impacts of WTO accession on regional agricultural production (2005)

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